Until in Different Languages
Discover 'Until' in 134 Languages: Dive into Translations, Hear Pronunciations, and Uncover Cultural Insights.
Until
Afrikaans tot | ||
Albanian deri në | ||
Amharic እስከ | ||
Arabic حتى | ||
Armenian մինչև | ||
Assamese যেতিয়ালৈকে | ||
Aymara kama | ||
Azerbaijani qədər | ||
Bambara fɔ | ||
Basque arte | ||
Belarusian пакуль | ||
Bengali অবধি | ||
Bhojpuri तबले | ||
Bosnian do | ||
Bulgarian до | ||
Catalan fins | ||
Cebuano hangtod | ||
Chinese (Simplified) 直到 | ||
Chinese (Traditional) 直到 | ||
Corsican finu à | ||
Croatian do | ||
Czech dokud | ||
Danish indtil | ||
Dhivehi ވަންދެން | ||
Dogri जदूं तगर | ||
Dutch tot | ||
English until | ||
Esperanto ĝis | ||
Estonian aastani | ||
Ewe va se ɖe | ||
Filipino (Tagalog) hanggang | ||
Finnish siihen asti kun | ||
French jusqu'à | ||
Frisian oant | ||
Galician ata | ||
Georgian მანამდე | ||
German bis um | ||
Greek μέχρι | ||
Guarani peve | ||
Gujarati ત્યાં સુધી | ||
Haitian Creole jiskaske | ||
Hausa har sai | ||
Hawaiian a hiki i | ||
Hebrew עד | ||
Hindi जब तक | ||
Hmong txog | ||
Hungarian amíg | ||
Icelandic þar til | ||
Igbo ruo | ||
Ilocano inggana | ||
Indonesian sampai | ||
Irish go dtí | ||
Italian fino a | ||
Japanese まで | ||
Javanese nganti | ||
Kannada ತನಕ | ||
Kazakh дейін | ||
Khmer រហូតដល់ | ||
Kinyarwanda kugeza | ||
Konkani तोमेरेन | ||
Korean ...까지 | ||
Krio te | ||
Kurdish ta | ||
Kurdish (Sorani) تا | ||
Kyrgyz чейин | ||
Lao ຈົນກ່ວາ | ||
Latin quoadusque | ||
Latvian līdz | ||
Lingala kino | ||
Lithuanian iki | ||
Luganda mpaka nga | ||
Luxembourgish bis | ||
Macedonian додека | ||
Maithili ताधरि | ||
Malagasy mandra- | ||
Malay sehingga | ||
Malayalam വരുവോളം | ||
Maltese sa | ||
Maori tae noa ki | ||
Marathi पर्यंत | ||
Meiteilon (Manipuri) ꯐꯥꯑꯣꯕ | ||
Mizo hma chuan | ||
Mongolian хүртэл | ||
Myanmar (Burmese) အထိ | ||
Nepali सम्म | ||
Norwegian før | ||
Nyanja (Chichewa) mpaka | ||
Odia (Oriya) ପର୍ଯ୍ୟନ୍ତ | ||
Oromo hamma | ||
Pashto تر | ||
Persian تا زمان | ||
Polish aż do | ||
Portuguese (Portugal, Brazil) até | ||
Punjabi ਜਦ ਤੱਕ | ||
Quechua hasta | ||
Romanian pana cand | ||
Russian до | ||
Samoan seia | ||
Sanskrit यावत् | ||
Scots Gaelic gus | ||
Sepedi go fihla | ||
Serbian све док | ||
Sesotho ho fihlela | ||
Shona kusvikira | ||
Sindhi جيستائين | ||
Sinhala (Sinhalese) තුරු | ||
Slovak do | ||
Slovenian do | ||
Somali ilaa | ||
Spanish hasta | ||
Sundanese nepi ka | ||
Swahili mpaka | ||
Swedish fram tills | ||
Tagalog (Filipino) hanggang sa | ||
Tajik то | ||
Tamil வரை | ||
Tatar кадәр | ||
Telugu వరకు | ||
Thai จนถึง | ||
Tigrinya ክሳብ | ||
Tsonga fikela | ||
Turkish a kadar | ||
Turkmen çenli | ||
Twi (Akan) kɔpem | ||
Ukrainian до | ||
Urdu جب تک | ||
Uyghur تاكى | ||
Uzbek qadar | ||
Vietnamese cho đến khi | ||
Welsh tan | ||
Xhosa kude kube | ||
Yiddish ביז | ||
Yoruba titi | ||
Zulu kuze kube |
Etymology & Notes
| Language | Etymology / Notes |
|---|---|
| Afrikaans | The Afrikaans word "tot" is derived from the Dutch word "tot", meaning "until" or "up to". It can also mean "per" or "for". |
| Albanian | The word "deri në" can also mean "as far as", "to the extent", or "even if", depending on the context. |
| Amharic | The word "እስከ" ("until") also means "as far as," "up to," or "even". |
| Arabic | The etymology of the word “حتى” is connected to words such as "conclude", "accomplish", "determine" or "complete" |
| Armenian | The word "մինչև" is derived from the Proto-Indo-European root "*men-", meaning "to think" or "to intend". |
| Azerbaijani | Qədər can also mean "when" or "time", depending on the context. |
| Basque | "Arte" is also the name of the Basque goddess of creation and nature. |
| Belarusian | "Пакуль" is related to "пока" ("until") in Russian, Ukrainian and other Slavic languages. It also means "while" in Belarusian. |
| Bengali | The word অবধি also means "boundary or limit." |
| Bosnian | "Do" can also mean "to" in Bosnian. |
| Bulgarian | The word "до" in Bulgarian can also mean "to" or "up to". |
| Catalan | In Catalan, "fins" can also mean "edge" or "border". |
| Cebuano | The Cebuano word "hangtod" comes from the Proto-Austronesian word "*paŋətud" meaning "to be in contact with" or "to be contiguous". |
| Chinese (Simplified) | "直到" also means "to go straight to a place." |
| Chinese (Traditional) | Until can also mean until now, so far, and (more literally) up to. |
| Corsican | Corsican 'finu à' comes from the Tuscan 'fino a' meaning 'as far as' and, by extension, 'until'. |
| Croatian | "Do" is a polysemic word in Croatian, and one of its meanings is "until." |
| Czech | In some older Czech texts, "dokud" can also mean "as long as" instead of "until". |
| Danish | Indtil is cognate with English 'until', Latin 'inter', and Sanskrit 'antar' meaning among or between. |
| Dutch | In Dutch, "tot" can also mean "on" or "to" in reference to a direction or location. |
| Esperanto | Ĝis's etymology is from the Proto-Indo-European root *ǵʰi-, meaning 'to come together'. |
| Finnish | The Finnish word "siihen asti kun" can also be used to mean "as long as" or "when". |
| French | "Jusqu'à" was formed from "juxta" (French="près de") followed by the adverb "ad" (which reinforced the first). |
| Frisian | The Frisian word "oant" is the shortened form of the Middle Dutch "ont dat" (until that). |
| Galician | In Galician, "ata" can also mean "towards" or "on the verge of". |
| German | The word "bis um" in German is a contraction of "bis" (until) and "um" (around). |
| Greek | The word "μέχρι" also means "to the point" or "up to" and is derived from the PIE root *meh₂-, |
| Haitian Creole | The Creole word "jiskaske" derives from the French "jusqu'à", and can colloquially be shortened to "jis". It is usually followed by a time reference. |
| Hausa | The word "har sai" also means "except", a useful nuance for specifying that something is the only or first of its kind. |
| Hawaiian | In Hawaiian poetry, "a hiki i" is also used to indicate the end of a stanza or line. |
| Hindi | The word "जब तक" in Hindi can also mean "as long as" or "whenever". |
| Hmong | In the Hmong Maw language, 'txog' also means 'to reach' or 'to arrive at' a destination. |
| Hungarian | "Amíg" also means "as long as, during" and it also means "since," "for," "from" and "up to." |
| Icelandic | "Þar til" was the only preposition for "until" in Old Icelandic; hence it was also used in contexts when we today would use "to". |
| Igbo | "Ruo" can also mean "down", as in "falling down" or "going down". |
| Indonesian | As a verb, "sampai" means "to arrive somewhere" or "to reach a point in time or space". |
| Italian | The word “fino a” can also mean “up to” or “as far as.” |
| Japanese | "迄" is a variant of "まで" that is used in some dialects and legal documents. |
| Javanese | The Javanese word 'nganti' also signifies 'wait' or 'expect'. |
| Kannada | ತನಕ derives from the word ತನು, meaning "body", and originally meant "to the edge of one's body". |
| Korean | In addition to its temporal meaning, 까지 (kkaji) can also be used as a quantifier or a limit in some expressions, e.g., “하루까지” (haru kkaji, for one day) |
| Kurdish | The use of "ta" as a preposition that translates "under" is derived from Persian. |
| Kyrgyz | The word "чейин" is also used to express the meaning of "before" in certain contexts. |
| Latin | The word "quoadusque" is derived from the Latin words "quoad" (until) and "usque" (up to). It can also mean "as far as" or "to the extent that". |
| Latvian | Derived from the Proto-Baltic word *léidži, meaning "between", it is cognate with Lithuanian ligi. |
| Lithuanian | The word "iki" in Lithuanian is also used to mean "two" and is derived from the Proto-Balto-Slavic word "*d(u)wi". |
| Luxembourgish | In Luxembourgish, "bis" can also mean "as far as" or express the repetition of an action. |
| Macedonian | The word "додека" in Macedonian is derived from the Proto-Slavic word *dodekǫ, which means "between" or "until." |
| Malagasy | The word "mandra-" can also mean "since" or "from". |
| Malay | The Malay word "sehingga" also means "border", "bank" (of a river), and "dam". |
| Malayalam | The word "വരുവോളം" is also used to indicate "arrival" or "duration". |
| Maltese | The word "sa" is also used to express "so" or "such" in Maltese. |
| Maori | The phrase 'tae noa ki' can also mean 'so that', 'in order that', 'to the end that', 'until such time as', 'whenever', or 'until the time that'. |
| Marathi | In Marathi, 'पर्यंत' may also mean 'within' and 'along' |
| Mongolian | The word 'хүртэл' can also be used to mean 'up to', 'as far as', or 'as much as'. |
| Myanmar (Burmese) | In Myanmar, "အထိ" also means "including" or "up to". |
| Nepali | सम्म (samm) also means "in the meantime" in Nepali. |
| Norwegian | "Før" comes from a Proto-West-Norse word meaning either "to bring" or "forward". |
| Nyanja (Chichewa) | In Nyanja, 'mpaka' can also mean 'boundary' or 'junction'. |
| Pashto | The word "تر" can also mean "to go" or "to reach" in Pashto. |
| Persian | The word "تا زمان" ("until") in Persian can also mean "in the meantime" or "while". |
| Polish | The word 'aż do' can also mean 'up to' or 'as far as' when used in a spatial or temporal sense. |
| Portuguese (Portugal, Brazil) | The word 'até' derives from the Latin preposition 'ad tenus', meaning 'up to' or 'as far as'. |
| Romanian | The Romanian word "până când" is derived from the Old Romanian word combination "pe cine va", meaning "until when". |
| Russian | "До" can also mean "before" or "up to" depending on the context. |
| Samoan | In some contexts, "seia" can also mean "except for" or "without." |
| Scots Gaelic | Like the Irish cognate "go dtí", "gus" can also mean "with" or "in order to". |
| Serbian | The word "све док" can also mean "always" or "constantly" in Serbian. |
| Sesotho | The word "ho fihlela" may also be expanded as "to the point of causing someone to meet" and is synonymous with "ho kopana". It is commonly used to refer to an action that has the potential to result in an encounter or meeting. |
| Shona | The word "kusvikira" can also mean "to follow" or "to pursue" in Shona. |
| Sinhala (Sinhalese) | The word "තුරු" can also mean "while" or "when" depending on the context. |
| Slovak | The word "do" in Slovak can also mean "as far as" or "to the extent that". |
| Slovenian | The Slovenian word “do” can also mean “so” or “until”. |
| Somali | The word "ilaa" in Somali is also used as a noun to refer to a destination, such as a place or a goal. |
| Spanish | The word "hasta" is derived from the Latin word "ad sta" meaning "to this place (in time or space)" |
| Sundanese | The word "nepi ka" can also mean "when" and is derived from the Sanskrit word "nirbhinna" meaning "without a break". |
| Swedish | "Fram tills" is cognate with the English phrase "from till," suggesting a meaning of "from this day until that day," but is never used this way and has no separate meaning from "until." |
| Tagalog (Filipino) | The Tagalog word "hanggang sa" is thought to have originated from the Proto-Austronesian words "*qaŋkaŋ" (to stretch long things) and "*sa" (direction toward). |
| Tajik | The Tajik word "то" can also mean "then" or "therefore". |
| Tamil | "வரை" can also be used to denote a boundary, limit or range. |
| Telugu | The word "వరకు" is derived from the Sanskrit word "पर्यन्त" (paryanta), meaning "up to", "as far as", or "limit". |
| Thai | The word "จนถึง" can also mean "as far as" or "up to". |
| Turkish | The Turkish word "a kadar" has an alternate meaning of "in relation to" or "with respect to" in expressions of quantity or extent. |
| Ukrainian | "До" is a polysemantic word in Ukrainian that can also mean "to", "at" or "before". |
| Urdu | Jab tak is also used to refer to a condition or situation which may or may not occur in the future, but when it does, the action specified in the main clause will take place. |
| Uzbek | The Uzbek word "qadar" has cognates in Ottoman Turkish, Azerbaijani, and Iranian Persian, and is derived from the Arabic word "qadr" meaning "measure" or "destiny". |
| Vietnamese | In the Vietnamese phrase "cho đến khi," "cho" means "to allow" and "đến" means "to arrive." |
| Welsh | The Welsh word 'tan' can also mean 'under' or 'below' depending on the context. |
| Xhosa | The term "kude kube" literally translates to "even if it's to the end". |
| Yiddish | The archaic and Yiddish usage of "biz" can mean "towards". This meaning can still occasionally be found in Hebrew texts. |
| Yoruba | The Yoruba word "titi" can also mean "up to" or "as far as". |
| Zulu | The phrase 'kuze kube' derives from the word 'ukukubeka', meaning 'to place'. |
| English | The word 'until' originally meant 'to the time when', and is related to the Old English words 'til' and 'untill' |