So-Called in Different Languages
Discover 'So-called' in 134 Languages: Dive into Translations, Hear Pronunciations, and Uncover Cultural Insights.
So-called
Afrikaans sogenaamde | ||
Albanian të ashtuquajturat | ||
Amharic ተብሏል | ||
Arabic ما يسمى | ||
Armenian այսպես կոչված | ||
Assamese তথাকথিত | ||
Aymara satawa | ||
Azerbaijani sözdə | ||
Bambara min bɛ wele ko | ||
Basque deiturikoak | ||
Belarusian так званы | ||
Bengali তথাকথিত | ||
Bhojpuri तथाकथित बा | ||
Bosnian takozvani | ||
Bulgarian т.нар | ||
Catalan els anomenats | ||
Cebuano gitawag | ||
Chinese (Simplified) 所谓的 | ||
Chinese (Traditional) 所謂的 | ||
Corsican cusì chjamatu | ||
Croatian takozvani | ||
Czech tzv | ||
Danish såkaldte | ||
Dhivehi އެބުނާ | ||
Dogri तथाकथित | ||
Dutch zogenaamde | ||
English so-called | ||
Esperanto tiel nomata | ||
Estonian nn | ||
Ewe si woyɔna be | ||
Filipino (Tagalog) tinatawag na | ||
Finnish niin sanottu | ||
French soi-disant | ||
Frisian saneamde | ||
Galician os chamados | ||
Georgian ე. წ | ||
German sogenannt | ||
Greek λεγόμενο | ||
Guarani ojeheróva | ||
Gujarati જેથી - કહેવાતા | ||
Haitian Creole sa yo rele | ||
Hausa abin da ake kira | ||
Hawaiian kāhea ʻia | ||
Hebrew מה שנקרא | ||
Hindi तथाकथित | ||
Hmong sib nwj | ||
Hungarian úgynevezett | ||
Icelandic svokallaða | ||
Igbo akpọrọ | ||
Ilocano makunkuna | ||
Indonesian yang disebut | ||
Irish mar a thugtar air | ||
Italian cosiddetto | ||
Japanese いわゆる | ||
Javanese sing diarani | ||
Kannada ಎಂದು ಕರೆಯಲ್ಪಡುವ | ||
Kazakh деп аталады | ||
Khmer ដែលគេហៅថា | ||
Kinyarwanda icyo bita | ||
Konkani अशें म्हण्टात | ||
Korean 소위 | ||
Krio we dɛn kɔl | ||
Kurdish tê gotin | ||
Kurdish (Sorani) بەناو | ||
Kyrgyz деп аталган | ||
Lao ອັນທີ່ເອີ້ນວ່າ | ||
Latin ideo dicitur, | ||
Latvian ts | ||
Lingala oyo babengaka | ||
Lithuanian vadinamasis | ||
Luganda kye bayita | ||
Luxembourgish sougenannten | ||
Macedonian т.н. | ||
Maithili तथाकथित | ||
Malagasy antsoina hoe | ||
Malay kononnya | ||
Malayalam വിളിക്കപ്പെടുന്ന | ||
Maltese hekk imsejħa | ||
Maori pera-ka karanga | ||
Marathi तथाकथित | ||
Meiteilon (Manipuri) ꯍꯥꯌꯅꯥ ꯀꯧꯏ꯫ | ||
Mizo an tih chu | ||
Mongolian гэж нэрлэдэг | ||
Myanmar (Burmese) ဒါခေါ် | ||
Nepali तथाकथित | ||
Norwegian såkalt | ||
Nyanja (Chichewa) otchedwa | ||
Odia (Oriya) ତଥାକଥିତ | | ||
Oromo kan jedhamu | ||
Pashto نومول شوی | ||
Persian باصطلاح | ||
Polish tak zwane | ||
Portuguese (Portugal, Brazil) assim chamado | ||
Punjabi ਅਖੌਤੀ | ||
Quechua nisqa | ||
Romanian așa-zisul | ||
Russian так называемый | ||
Samoan e taʻua | ||
Sanskrit तथाकथित | ||
Scots Gaelic ris an canar | ||
Sepedi seo se bitšwago | ||
Serbian тзв | ||
Sesotho ho thoeng | ||
Shona zvinonzi | ||
Sindhi نام نہاد | ||
Sinhala (Sinhalese) ඊනියා | ||
Slovak tzv | ||
Slovenian tako imenovani | ||
Somali loogu yeero | ||
Spanish así llamado | ||
Sundanese disebutna | ||
Swahili kinachojulikana | ||
Swedish så kallade | ||
Tagalog (Filipino) tinawag | ||
Tajik ба ном | ||
Tamil என்று அழைக்கப்படுகிறது | ||
Tatar шулай дип атала | ||
Telugu అని పిలవబడే | ||
Thai ที่เรียกว่า | ||
Tigrinya ዝበሃል | ||
Tsonga leswi vuriwaka | ||
Turkish lafta | ||
Turkmen diýilýär | ||
Twi (Akan) nea wɔfrɛ no | ||
Ukrainian так званий | ||
Urdu نام نہاد | ||
Uyghur ئاتالمىش | ||
Uzbek deb nomlangan | ||
Vietnamese cái gọi là | ||
Welsh fel y'i gelwir | ||
Xhosa oko kubizwa | ||
Yiddish אַזוי גערופענע | ||
Yoruba ki-npe ni | ||
Zulu okuthiwa |
Etymology & Notes
| Language | Etymology / Notes |
|---|---|
| Afrikaans | The word "sogenaamde" derives from the Dutch "zogenaamd" meaning "so-called" or "alleged". |
| Albanian | "Të ashtuquajturat" etymologically comes from the past passive form of the verb "ashtuqoj", which means "to make something seem like it is another thing". |
| Amharic | The word "ተብሏል" can also mean "it is said that" or "they say". |
| Arabic | In Arabic, "ما يسمى" also means "what is called" or "what is known as". |
| Azerbaijani | The word "sözdə" can also mean "allegedly" or "supposedly" in Azerbaijani. |
| Basque | The word "deiturikoak" in Basque is derived from the verb "deitu" meaning "to call" and the suffix "-koak" meaning "the ones that are called". |
| Belarusian | The Belarusian "так званы" comes from the Russian word "так называемый", and shares the same alternate meaning of "assumed but not confirmed". |
| Bengali | The Bengali word "তথাকথিত" is derived from the Sanskrit word "तथाकथित" meaning "alleged" or "claimed". |
| Bosnian | The word 'tako(z)vani' can also mean 'alleged', 'purported', or 'reputed'. |
| Bulgarian | The word "т.нар" is derived from the Greek word "το καλούμενο" meaning "the so-called". |
| Catalan | The plural Spanish phrase "los llamados" may have influenced "els anomenats" |
| Cebuano | The word "gitawag" can also mean "named" or "called". |
| Chinese (Simplified) | 所谓 (suǒ wèi) literally means “so-called” or “alleged,” but can also imply skepticism or doubt. |
| Chinese (Traditional) | 所謂的 (so-called) can also refer to “the way that is talked about”. |
| Corsican | In Corsican, "cusì chjamatu" can also mean "falsely attributed" or "wrongly named". |
| Croatian | The term 'takozvani' derives from the Slavic form 'tako zvani', which translates as 'thus called' or 'called as such' in English. |
| Czech | The abbreviation "tzv." is derived from the phrase "takzvaný" meaning "so-called". |
| Danish | The Danish word "såkaldte" is cognate with the English and Norwegian word "so-called". |
| Dutch | Zogenaamde is derived from Middle Dutch ' sogenaemt ', meaning ' so named ', or ' with that name ' |
| Esperanto | In Esperanto, "tiel nomata" also means "so-called" or "so-named" |
| Estonian | The word "nn" in Estonian originated from the abbreviation "nagu näha" ("as you can see"), which was often used before quotations or examples, and eventually became a shorthand for "so-called". |
| Finnish | The phrase "niin sanottu" in Finnish derives from the verb "sanoa" (to say) and the phrase "niin kutsuttu" (also meaning "so-called"). |
| French | The French word "soi-disant" originally meant "self-proclaimed" or "self-styled". |
| Frisian | The word "so-called" is derived from a 16th-century term meaning "called by that name." |
| Galician | The Galician word "os chamados" literally means "the called ones" in English, but is typically used to mean "so-called". |
| Georgian | In some contexts, "ე.წ" can also mean "for example" or "such as" |
| German | The term 'sogenannt' can also be used to express skepticism, irony, or disdain towards the 'so-called' thing. |
| Greek | The word 'λεγόμενο' derives from the Greek verb 'λέγω' (to say) and means 'what is said' or 'the so-called'. |
| Gujarati | The word "જેથી - કહેવાતા" in Gujarati is derived from the Gujarati word "જેથી" which means "in order to" and the English word "so-called" which means "having a name or reputation that is often not deserved". |
| Haitian Creole | The Haitian Creole word "sa yo rele" has the same meaning as the French phrase "ce qu'on appelle" and the English expression "that which is called." |
| Hausa | In Hausa, 'abin da ake kira' literally translates to 'the thing that is called'. It is often used to indicate that something is not necessarily what it is called or that its true nature is not as it seems. |
| Hawaiian | The Hawaiian word "kāhea ʻia" can also mean "to be called out to" or "to be summoned." |
| Hebrew | The Hebrew phrase "מה שנקרא" (literally "what is called") can also be used to introduce a definition or explanation in a neutral or objective way. |
| Hindi | The word "तथाकथित" literally means "thus spoken" and refers to something that is supposedly true but may not be. |
| Hmong | The Hmong word "sib nwj" can also mean "claimed, alleged, rumored, supposed, reputed." |
| Hungarian | The term "úgynevezett" in Hungarian can also be used to express sarcasm or irony. |
| Icelandic | The word “svokallaða” is also used in a sarcastic sense, when the speaker doesn’t believe that something is what it is called. |
| Igbo | Some Igbo communities use the same word ("akpọrọ") to refer to both "so-called" and "actual" or "real." |
| Indonesian | The Indonesian word "yang disebut" can also mean "referred to as" or "known as." |
| Irish | The Irish phrase 'mar a thugtar air' directly translates to 'as it is called', but is used to mean 'so-called'. |
| Italian | In Italian, «cosiddetto» can also mean «known as» or «known under the name of». |
| Japanese | "いわゆる" can also mean "in general" or "in broad terms" in Japanese. |
| Javanese | The Javanese word "sing diarani" derives from the Sanskrit word "san-giran", meaning "that which is spoken of". |
| Kannada | ಎಂದು ಕರೆಯಲ್ಪಡುವ in Kannada shares its etymology with "so-called" in English from their common root in Middle English. |
| Kazakh | The phrase "деп аталады" in Kazakh is derived from the verb "ату" (to call, to name) and the noun "атау" (name, title). |
| Khmer | The word "ដែលគេហៅថា" is sometimes used in the sense of "alleged" or "reputed" to convey a sense of doubt or uncertainty about a claim or assertion. |
| Korean | '소위' means 'so-called', but it can also mean 'a rumor' or 'a false report' |
| Kurdish | The term "tê gotin" can also be used to express sarcasm or irony, implying that something is not as it seems. |
| Kyrgyz | The Kyrgyz word "деп аталган" ("so-called") also means "allegedly" or "ostensibly". |
| Latin | Ide dicitur, also known as the so-called, refers to something that is not necessarily true but is commonly referred to as such. |
| Latvian | The word "ts" in Latvian also refers to "this" or "these" in the context of a list or enumeration. |
| Lithuanian | The word "vadinamasis" derives from the Lithuanian verb "vadinti," meaning "to call" or "to name." |
| Luxembourgish | Sougenannten is also used in German with the same meaning and spelling. |
| Macedonian | The abbreviation "т.н." is also commonly used to mean "theoretical and practical". |
| Malagasy | In some contexts, "antsoina hoe" can have an ironical meaning, insinuating that a person is not actually as described by others. |
| Malay | "Kononnya" in Malay is related to the words "konon" (hearsay) and "nyanya" (grandmother), implying that something is based on unverified information. |
| Malayalam | The word വിളിക്കപ്പെടുന്ന has a variety of meanings, including "so-called" and "called". However, the term can also be used in a more general sense to mean "named" or "identified". |
| Maltese | The alternate meaning or etymology of Hekk Imsejħa is uncertain. |
| Maori | The term "pera-ka karanga" comes from the word "pera" (bell) and the phrase "ka karanga" (to sound), as bells were traditionally used to call people together |
| Marathi | The word 'तथाकथित' is derived from the Sanskrit word 'तथा' meaning 'so' and 'कथित' meaning 'spoken' or 'said'. |
| Mongolian | The Mongolian word "гэж нэрлэдэг" (so-called) originates from the word "гэх" (to say), indicating that something is named or referred to as something else. |
| Myanmar (Burmese) | ဒါခေါ် is also used figuratively to mean someone's purported or alleged qualities. |
| Nepali | The word 'तथाकथित' originates from Sanskrit, where 'तथा' means 'that' and 'कथित' means 'spoken', hence the meaning 'so-called'. It can also convey irony or doubt about a claim's veracity. |
| Norwegian | "Såkalt" can also mean "self-proclaimed" or "pretending to be something they're not." |
| Nyanja (Chichewa) | Nyanja "otchedwa" originated from the past participle of "kutchedwa" (to be called), so it literally means "that which has been called." |
| Pashto | The word "نومول شوی" (so-called) in Pashto literally means "by name" or "in name only". |
| Persian | The Persian word "باصطلاح" is derived from the Arabic phrase "بما یستلزم" or "بما یقتضی", meaning "according to what is implied or required". |
| Polish | The Polish phrase "tak zwane" is derived from the German "sogenannte" and can have the additional meaning of "alleged" or "claimed." |
| Portuguese (Portugal, Brazil) | In Portuguese, the phrase "assim chamado" can also mean "allegedly" or "supposedly." |
| Punjabi | The Punjabi word ਅਖੌਤੀ (akhotī) likely originated from the Sanskrit word "akhaṇḍita," meaning "whole" or "undisturbed." |
| Romanian | «Așa-zisul» provine din «a se zice» + «prezentare peiorativă sau ironică a unui fapt» (DEX) |
| Russian | "Так называемый" также используется в ироничном смысле для критики или опровержения чего-либо. |
| Samoan | The word "e taʻua" in Samoan can also mean "referred to as" or "known as." |
| Scots Gaelic | "Ris an canar" can also mean "that is to say" in Scots Gaelic. |
| Serbian | The word "тзв" is an abbreviation of the Serbian phrase "такозвани", which means "so-called" or "alleged." |
| Sesotho | "Ho thoeng" can also mean "allegedly" or "it is said". |
| Shona | The word 'zvinonzi' in Shona is also used to mean 'the aforesaid' or 'the aforementioned'. |
| Sindhi | نام نہاد is also used as an adjective, meaning 'notorious', 'well-known', or 'famous'. |
| Sinhala (Sinhalese) | The word ඊනියා is also used to refer to a kind of snake known as the Russell's viper. |
| Slovak | The word "tzv." in Slovak is an abbreviation of "takzvaný," which means "so-called." |
| Slovenian | The phrase 'tako imenovani' (so-called) in Slovenian literally translates to 'thus named'. |
| Somali | The word "loogu yeero" literally means "something called by its name". |
| Spanish | In Spanish, «así llamado» can also mean «false», «notorious», «dubious, or «of ill repute.» |
| Sundanese | The Sundanese word "disebutna" is derived from the Indonesian word "disebut" (called) with the addition of the suffix "-na" (the)} |
| Swahili | Kinachojulikana has an alternate meaning related to a rumor or gossip. |
| Swedish | The Swedish word "så kallade" can also be used to indicate something that is not true or accurate. |
| Tagalog (Filipino) | The word "tinawag" in Tagalog is derived from the root word "tawag," which means "to call," and is often used to preface a term or name that is not widely recognized or accepted. |
| Tajik | Tajik "ба ном" is borrowed from Persian "بنام" and also means "in the name of" |
| Telugu | Its alternate meaning is "termed". |
| Thai | The term "ที่เรียกว่า" (so-called) in Thai is commonly used as a disclaimer, indicating that the subsequent statement may not necessarily be true or accurate. |
| Turkish | The term 'lafta' in Turkish, derived from Arabic, can also refer to 'idle talk,' 'mere words,' or a 'verbal agreement'. |
| Ukrainian | The Ukrainian phrase "так званий" (so-called) is often used to introduce a new concept or idea, or to provide a different perspective on an existing one. |
| Urdu | The word "نام نہاد" (so-called) in Urdu can also mean "pretended" or "feigned". |
| Uzbek | "deb nomlangan" is a term used in Uzbek to refer to something that is generally accepted as true but may not be entirely accurate or complete. |
| Vietnamese | 'Cái gọi là' translates to 'so-called' in English. It can also refer to a 'category' or 'type'. |
| Welsh | The word "fel y'i gelwir" ("so-called") in Welsh is a compound of the preposition "fel" ("like") and the verb "gelwir" ("is called"). It can also be used to mean "allegedly" or "supposedly". |
| Xhosa | In Xhosa, "oko kubizwa" is a term used to indicate something or someone is regarded or perceived in a particular way, implying a level of acceptance or consensus among a group. |
| Yiddish | אַזוי גערופענע (azoj gerufene) literally means "thus called" or "so called" and can be used to refer to something that is not truly or officially named as such. |
| Yoruba | "Ki-npe ni" literally translates to "what is called". |
| Zulu | Okuthiwa can also mean to be known as or to be referred to as. |
| English | The term "so-called" originally meant "thus named" or "thus styled," with the modern implication of irony or skepticism first appearing in the 1600s. |