Afrikaans heers | ||
Albanian rregulli | ||
Amharic ደንብ | ||
Arabic قاعدة | ||
Armenian կանոն | ||
Assamese নিয়ম | ||
Aymara tupuña | ||
Azerbaijani qayda | ||
Bambara sariya | ||
Basque arau | ||
Belarusian правіла | ||
Bengali নিয়ম | ||
Bhojpuri नियम | ||
Bosnian pravilo | ||
Bulgarian правило | ||
Catalan regla | ||
Cebuano pagmando | ||
Chinese (Simplified) 规则 | ||
Chinese (Traditional) 規則 | ||
Corsican regula | ||
Croatian pravilo | ||
Czech pravidlo | ||
Danish herske | ||
Dhivehi ވެރިކަންކުރުން | ||
Dogri निजम | ||
Dutch regel | ||
English rule | ||
Esperanto regulo | ||
Estonian reegel | ||
Ewe se | ||
Filipino (Tagalog) tuntunin | ||
Finnish sääntö | ||
French règle | ||
Frisian regel | ||
Galician regra | ||
Georgian წესი | ||
German regel | ||
Greek κανόνας | ||
Guarani mbojojaha | ||
Gujarati નિયમ | ||
Haitian Creole règ | ||
Hausa mulki | ||
Hawaiian lula | ||
Hebrew כְּלָל | ||
Hindi नियम | ||
Hmong txoj cai | ||
Hungarian szabály | ||
Icelandic ráða | ||
Igbo na-achị | ||
Ilocano alagaden | ||
Indonesian aturan | ||
Irish riail | ||
Italian regola | ||
Japanese ルール | ||
Javanese aturan | ||
Kannada ನಿಯಮ | ||
Kazakh ереже | ||
Khmer ច្បាប់ | ||
Kinyarwanda amategeko | ||
Konkani नेम | ||
Korean 규칙 | ||
Krio rul | ||
Kurdish rêz | ||
Kurdish (Sorani) ڕێسا | ||
Kyrgyz эреже | ||
Lao ກົດລະບຽບ | ||
Latin lex | ||
Latvian likums | ||
Lingala mobeko | ||
Lithuanian taisyklė | ||
Luganda okufuga | ||
Luxembourgish regéieren | ||
Macedonian правило | ||
Maithili नियम | ||
Malagasy fitsipika | ||
Malay peraturan | ||
Malayalam ഭരിക്കുക | ||
Maltese regola | ||
Maori ture | ||
Marathi नियम | ||
Meiteilon (Manipuri) ꯀꯥꯡꯂꯣꯟ | ||
Mizo dan | ||
Mongolian дүрэм | ||
Myanmar (Burmese) စည်းမျဉ်း | ||
Nepali नियम | ||
Norwegian regel | ||
Nyanja (Chichewa) lamulo | ||
Odia (Oriya) ନିୟମ | | ||
Oromo bulchuu | ||
Pashto قانون | ||
Persian قانون | ||
Polish reguła | ||
Portuguese (Portugal, Brazil) regra | ||
Punjabi ਨਿਯਮ | ||
Quechua tupuna | ||
Romanian regulă | ||
Russian правило | ||
Samoan tulafono | ||
Sanskrit नियम | ||
Scots Gaelic riaghailt | ||
Sepedi molao | ||
Serbian правило | ||
Sesotho busa | ||
Shona mutemo | ||
Sindhi قاعدو | ||
Sinhala (Sinhalese) නීතිය | ||
Slovak pravidlo | ||
Slovenian pravilo | ||
Somali xukun | ||
Spanish regla | ||
Sundanese aturan | ||
Swahili sheria | ||
Swedish regel | ||
Tagalog (Filipino) panuntunan | ||
Tajik ҳукмронӣ | ||
Tamil ஆட்சி | ||
Tatar кагыйдә | ||
Telugu పాలన | ||
Thai กฎ | ||
Tigrinya ስርዓት | ||
Tsonga nawu | ||
Turkish kural | ||
Turkmen düzgün | ||
Twi (Akan) nhyehyɛeɛ | ||
Ukrainian правило | ||
Urdu حکمرانی | ||
Uyghur قائىدە | ||
Uzbek qoida | ||
Vietnamese qui định | ||
Welsh rheol | ||
Xhosa umgaqo | ||
Yiddish הערשן | ||
Yoruba ofin | ||
Zulu umthetho |
| Language | Etymology / Notes |
|---|---|
| Afrikaans | "Heers" comes from Middle Dutch and can also mean "sway", "authority", or "dominion". |
| Albanian | The Albanian word 'rregulli' originally meant 'straight line' but its meaning has since been extended to 'rule' in general. |
| Amharic | The Amharic word "ደንብ" can also refer to the "law of God" or "religious law" and has been incorporated into other languages such as Tigrinya and Ge'ez. |
| Arabic | The Arabic word "قاعدة" (rule) also means "foundation" or "base" in a physical sense, and "principle" or "axiom" in a figurative sense. |
| Armenian | The word "կանոն" also means "canon" in the sense of a religious doctrine or set of rules. |
| Azerbaijani | In Azerbaijani, the word "qayda" comes from the Persian word "qā'edeh", which also means "rule" or "regulation". |
| Basque | "Arautu" is a common Basque verb in the sense of "to get ready." |
| Belarusian | "правіла" comes from the Proto-Slavic root *pravъ, meaning "correct," "righteous," or "true." |
| Bengali | The Bengali word "নিয়ম" can also mean "order", "law", or "regulation." |
| Bosnian | In Croatian, "pravilo" also means "measure", while in Russian, "правило" can also mean "straightedge" or "ruler". |
| Bulgarian | The word правило also means a T-square ruler used by carpenters and draftsmen. |
| Cebuano | The root word "mando" means "to order" or "to command". |
| Chinese (Simplified) | The secondary meaning of 规则 (rule) in Chinese is to regulate or discipline. |
| Chinese (Traditional) | 規則 in Chinese (Traditional) can also refer to a law, regulation, or pattern. |
| Corsican | In Corsican, "regula" can also refer to a ruler or measuring tape used in construction or woodworking. |
| Croatian | In Croatian, 'Pravilo' also means a 'straightener' or a 'ruler' used for drawing straight lines. |
| Czech | In old Czech the word "pravidlo" used to mean only the "ruler" (a measuring instrument) and its meaning has changed over time. |
| Danish | Herske has Old Germanic origins and is related to the words 'her' (army) and 'hari' (lord) |
| Dutch | The Dutch word "regel" can also refer to the menstrual cycle or a line of writing. |
| Esperanto | The Esperanto word "regulo" derives from the Latin word "regula", meaning "ruler, rule, or principle." |
| Estonian | The Estonian word "reegel" originates from the German word "Regel", but also refers to a specific type of song in Estonian folk music. |
| Finnish | In Finnish, "sääntö" is also an archaic term for "weather". |
| French | Règle can also mean 'period' (menstruation), as a calque from the English, and 'ruler' (geometry). |
| Frisian | The word "regel" also has the alternate meaning of "line" or "row" in Frisian. |
| Galician | The word "regra" also means the menstrual cycle, probably deriving from the medieval Latin word regula, which referred to the monastic daily schedule. |
| Georgian | The word 'წესი' can also mean 'custom', 'tradition', or 'manner'. |
| German | In German, 'Regel' also refers to a woman's menstrual cycle, as in 'die Menstruationsregel'. |
| Greek | The word κανόνας comes from the Semitic root K-N-N, meaning 'to establish' and refers to a straight rod, such as a carpenter's rule |
| Gujarati | The Gujarati word "નિયમ" also means a principle, law, or regulation. |
| Haitian Creole | In Haitian Creole, "règ" can also refer to a line, a norm, or a principle. |
| Hausa | Hausa mulki (< Arabic malik 'king' < Hebrew melek 'king', 'angel', 'messenger', 'counselor') has the same root as 'malaki' 'angel' borrowed from Arabic. |
| Hawaiian | "Lula" can also mean "to control" or "to restrain". |
| Hebrew | The word כְּלָל can also refer to a general principle or concept, or to an object used as a standard for measurement. |
| Hindi | The word "नियम" in Hindi, meaning "rule", also refers to a measure in dance or music that dictates the tempo and rhythm. |
| Hmong | The word "txoj cai" comes from the Chinese word "zŏo kăi (佐关)" meaning "way out" or "method." |
| Hungarian | The Hungarian word "szabály" also has the meanings "regulation", "prescription", and "pattern". |
| Icelandic | The word "ráða" also means "advise" and "decide" in Icelandic |
| Igbo | The term "na-achị" in Igbo language also means "control, authority, or dominion over a particular area or subject." |
| Indonesian | The word "aturan" can also mean "custom" or "norm" in Indonesian. |
| Irish | The word "riail" in Irish can also mean "law" or "custom. |
| Italian | "Regola" also means "ruler" in English, an instrument used to draw straight lines. |
| Japanese | The word "ルール" (rule) is derived from the Portuguese word "rool" (rule), which was introduced to Japan during the Meiji period (1868-1912). |
| Javanese | The term 'aturan' in Javanese also refers to customary regulations or guidelines passed down through generations. |
| Kannada | The Kannada word "ನಿಯಮ" comes from the Sanskrit word "नियम" (niyama), meaning "restraint", "law", or "discipline". |
| Kazakh | "Ереже" also means "line" or "row" in Kazakh. |
| Khmer | The Khmer word "ច្បាប់" (rule) comes from the Sanskrit word "śāstra", meaning "precept" or "law". |
| Korean | A rule's Korean cognate 규칙 also means 'law' or 'principle' when used in legal contexts. |
| Kurdish | The Kurdish word "rêz" can also refer to a line, boundary, or limit. |
| Kyrgyz | The word "эреже" can also refer to a regulation, statute, or decree. |
| Latin | The word "lex" in Latin can also refer to a law, statute, or proposal. |
| Latvian | The word "likums" in Latvian is related to the word "likums" in Lithuanian, both sharing a common root meaning "to order, to arrange." |
| Lithuanian | 'Taisyklė' is a derivative of the word 'taisyti,' which means 'to correct' or 'to fix,' suggesting its primary function as a guide or standard for rectifying errors. |
| Macedonian | "Правило" is also used in the context of architecture, meaning "a carpenter's square". |
| Malagasy | The Malagasy word "fitsipika" is derived from the French word "fixer", meaning "to establish" or "to determine." |
| Malay | "Peraturan" can also mean "law", "regulation", "ordinance", or "statute" in Malay. |
| Malayalam | The word 'ഭരിക്കുക' is derived from the Proto-Dravidian word '*par-, *para-' meaning 'to protect, defend'. |
| Maltese | The word "regola" derives from the Italian word "regola", which means rule, line or regulation |
| Maori | The Maori word "ture" can also refer to a law, custom, or way of life. |
| Marathi | "नियम" (niyam) also means "restriction" or "regulation" in Marathi. |
| Mongolian | The word "дүрэм" originated from the verb "дүрэмт", which means to arrange or put in order. |
| Nepali | The Nepali word 'नियम' derives from the Sanskrit root 'niyam', meaning 'restraint' or 'discipline'. |
| Norwegian | In Norwegian, "regel" and "menstrual cycle" have the same etymology: "regulate". |
| Nyanja (Chichewa) | The word lamulo (rule) in Nyanja (Chichewa) may also refer to the "line of descent" of matrilineal societies. |
| Pashto | The word "قانون" in Pashto can also mean "law", "principle", or "method". |
| Persian | The word 'قانون' can also refer to a musical instrument or a set of religious precepts. |
| Polish | Po polsku "reguła" to także „menstruacja”. |
| Portuguese (Portugal, Brazil) | The plural of "regra" in Portuguese, "regras", is also a common term used in a variety of card games to refer to the established set of guidelines for gameplay |
| Punjabi | The word "ਨਿਯਮ" derives from the Sanskrit word "niyama," which means "restraint," "control," or "prescription." |
| Romanian | In Latin, "regula" was a carpenter's measuring tool, hence its modern Romanian meaning as a straightedge, yardstick, ruler, or guideline. |
| Russian | The Russian word "правило" (rule) comes from the Proto-Indo-European root *reg-, meaning "to stretch" or "to direct." |
| Samoan | The word 'tulafono' is derived from the words 'tula' (meaning 'pillar' or 'support') and 'fono' (meaning 'law' or 'decree'). |
| Scots Gaelic | The Gaelic word “riaghailt” not only means “rule”, but also implies the establishment of the order of the natural world; it’s related to the Irish Gaelic verb riagail (“to order”). |
| Serbian | In Serbian, "правило" (rule) also means "a pattern" or "a method of doing something" |
| Sesotho | The Sesotho word 'busa' can also refer to the act of 'driving' a vehicle or 'leading' a group. |
| Shona | The word "mutemo" can have different meanings depending on its context, such as "law," "regulation," or "principle." |
| Sindhi | It is also used to refer to a specific type of traditional Sindhi music and dance performance. |
| Sinhala (Sinhalese) | The Sinhala word "නීතිය" is derived from the Sanskrit word "नीति" meaning "code of conduct" or "principle." |
| Slovak | The noun "pravidlo" also means "ruler" (measuring), "straight edge", and "law." |
| Slovenian | The word "pravilo" in Slovenian comes from the Proto-Slavic word *pravilь, which meant "something straight". |
| Somali | The Somali word "xukun" also means "judgment" or "sentence" in a legal context. |
| Spanish | The word "regla" in Spanish comes from the Latin word "regula," which means "straight line" or "guiding principle." |
| Sundanese | In Sundanese, "aturan" can also mean "guidance" or "instructions", and is commonly used in a religious context. |
| Swahili | Related to the Arabic word 'shari'a' ('law') and 'shara' ('a way'), 'sheria' was borrowed via Islam. |
| Swedish | In Swedish, "regel" can also refer to a specific pattern in music or menstruation. |
| Tajik | The word "hukmronī" derives from the Persian language, where it means "sovereignty" or "dominion". |
| Telugu | The word 'పాలన' also has alternate meanings including 'nourishment' or 'fosterling'. |
| Thai | "กฎ" derives from the Pali word "kaṭa" meaning "order" or "decree", and also "law" in the sense of a natural law or principle. |
| Turkish | "Kural" derives from the Old Turkic word "ḳur" meaning "to assemble" and "to establish". |
| Ukrainian | "Правило" also means a measuring instrument like a ruler. |
| Urdu | The word “حکمرانی” (rule) is derived from Arabic and has an alternate meaning of "judgement with authority" in Urdu. |
| Uzbek | "Qoida" (rule) is also used in Uzbek to refer to a person's behavior or character. |
| Vietnamese | "Qui định" is a Sino-Vietnamese word derived from the Chinese word "規定" (guīdìng), which can also mean "regulation" or "statute". |
| Welsh | "Rheol" can also refer to a principle, law, order, regulation, way or path. |
| Xhosa | The word "umgaqo" can also refer to a code of conduct or a set of principles. |
| Yiddish | The Yiddish word "הערשן" ultimately derives from the Latin word "regere," meaning "to lead" or "to direct." |
| Yoruba | In Yoruba, 'ofin' can also mean 'law', 'commandment', or 'regulation'. |
| Zulu | Umthetho means 'rule' and also 'justice'. |
| English | The word "rule" is derived from the Latin word "regula," which also means "straight edge" or "ruler." |