Afrikaans afhangende | ||
Albanian në varësi | ||
Amharic የሚወሰን | ||
Arabic حسب | ||
Armenian կախված | ||
Assamese নিৰ্ভৰশীল | ||
Aymara ukax mä juk’a pachanakanwa | ||
Azerbaijani asılı olaraq | ||
Bambara ka da a kan | ||
Basque arabera | ||
Belarusian у залежнасці | ||
Bengali নির্ভরশীল | ||
Bhojpuri निर्भर करेला | ||
Bosnian ovisno | ||
Bulgarian в зависимост | ||
Catalan depenent | ||
Cebuano nagsalig | ||
Chinese (Simplified) 取决于 | ||
Chinese (Traditional) 取決於 | ||
Corsican sicondu | ||
Croatian ovisno | ||
Czech podle toho | ||
Danish afhængig | ||
Dhivehi ބަރޯސާވެގެންނެވެ | ||
Dogri निर्भर करदा ऐ | ||
Dutch afhankelijk | ||
English depending | ||
Esperanto depende | ||
Estonian sõltuvalt | ||
Ewe nɔ te ɖe edzi | ||
Filipino (Tagalog) depende | ||
Finnish riippuen | ||
French en fonction, dépendemment | ||
Frisian ôfhinklik | ||
Galician dependendo | ||
Georgian დამოკიდებულია | ||
German abhängig | ||
Greek σε συνάρτηση | ||
Guarani odependéva | ||
Gujarati આધાર રાખીને | ||
Haitian Creole depann | ||
Hausa dangane da | ||
Hawaiian kaukaʻi | ||
Hebrew תלוי | ||
Hindi निर्भर करता है | ||
Hmong nyob ntawm seb | ||
Hungarian attól függően | ||
Icelandic fer eftir | ||
Igbo dabere | ||
Ilocano depende | ||
Indonesian tergantung | ||
Irish ag brath | ||
Italian dipendente | ||
Japanese 依存する | ||
Javanese gumantung | ||
Kannada ಅವಲಂಬಿಸಿರುತ್ತದೆ | ||
Kazakh байланысты | ||
Khmer អាស្រ័យ | ||
Kinyarwanda bitewe | ||
Konkani अवलंबून आसता | ||
Korean 따라 | ||
Krio dipen pan am | ||
Kurdish girêdayî ye | ||
Kurdish (Sorani) بەپێی... | ||
Kyrgyz жараша | ||
Lao ຂຶ້ນກັບ | ||
Latin fretus | ||
Latvian atkarībā | ||
Lingala na kotalela | ||
Lithuanian priklausomai | ||
Luganda okusinziira ku | ||
Luxembourgish ofhängeg | ||
Macedonian во зависност | ||
Maithili निर्भर करैत अछि | ||
Malagasy miankina | ||
Malay bergantung | ||
Malayalam അനുസരിച്ച് | ||
Maltese jiddependi | ||
Maori whakawhirinaki | ||
Marathi अवलंबून | ||
Meiteilon (Manipuri) ꯃꯈꯥ ꯄꯣꯜꯂꯤ꯫ | ||
Mizo a innghat | ||
Mongolian хамаарч | ||
Myanmar (Burmese) မူတည် | ||
Nepali निर्भर गर्दै | ||
Norwegian avhengig | ||
Nyanja (Chichewa) kutengera | ||
Odia (Oriya) ନିର୍ଭର କରେ | | ||
Oromo irratti hundaa’a | ||
Pashto منحصر | ||
Persian بستگی دارد | ||
Polish w zależności | ||
Portuguese (Portugal, Brazil) dependendo | ||
Punjabi ਨਿਰਭਰ ਕਰਦਾ ਹੈ | ||
Quechua dependiendo | ||
Romanian în funcție | ||
Russian в зависимости | ||
Samoan faʻamoemoe | ||
Sanskrit आश्रित्य | ||
Scots Gaelic a rèir | ||
Sepedi go ya ka | ||
Serbian у зависности | ||
Sesotho ho latela | ||
Shona zvichienderana | ||
Sindhi منحصر آهي | ||
Sinhala (Sinhalese) අනුව | ||
Slovak podľa | ||
Slovenian odvisno | ||
Somali ku xiran tahay | ||
Spanish dependiente | ||
Sundanese gumantung | ||
Swahili kutegemea | ||
Swedish beroende på | ||
Tagalog (Filipino) nakasalalay | ||
Tajik вобаста аст | ||
Tamil பொறுத்து | ||
Tatar бәйле | ||
Telugu బట్టి | ||
Thai ขึ้นอยู่กับ | ||
Tigrinya ዝምርኮስ እዩ። | ||
Tsonga ku ya hi | ||
Turkish bağlı | ||
Turkmen baglydyr | ||
Twi (Akan) gyina so | ||
Ukrainian залежно | ||
Urdu منحصر ہے | ||
Uyghur بۇنىڭغا باغلىق | ||
Uzbek qarab | ||
Vietnamese tùy | ||
Welsh yn dibynnu | ||
Xhosa kuxhomekeke | ||
Yiddish דעפּענדינג | ||
Yoruba dale | ||
Zulu kuya |
| Language | Etymology / Notes |
|---|---|
| Afrikaans | The word "afhangende" in Afrikaans can also mean "pendant" or "chandelier". |
| Albanian | The Albanian word "në varësi" means literally "in relation to" or "in connection with" something. |
| Amharic | የሚወሰን is used in place of ስለ when the subordinate clause is negated or expresses uncertainty. |
| Arabic | "حسب" also means "by" or "in consideration of". |
| Azerbaijani | "Asılı olaraq" also refers to the concept of dependency in Azerbaijani. |
| Basque | The word "arabera" in Basque derives from "arabetu," meaning "to attach." |
| Belarusian | "У залежнасці" derives from Old Church Slavonic "сълежати" (to be neighboring), and in Russian and Ukrainian is used in the sense of "neighboring" and "located nearby". |
| Bengali | The word 'নির্ভরশীল' ('depending') is derived from the Sanskrit word 'निर्भर', meaning 'to lean on' or 'to depend on'. |
| Bosnian | "Ovisno" comes from the Proto-Slavic *obъvĭsnoti, which also means "to hang". |
| Bulgarian | In some contexts, "в зависимост" can also mean "according to". |
| Catalan | The Catalan word "depenent" can also mean "employee" or "sales assistant" |
| Cebuano | "Nagsalig" can also refer to "to rely" or "to trust". |
| Chinese (Simplified) | 取决于 (depending) can alternatively mean conditional on, or conditional upon something |
| Chinese (Traditional) | 取決於 is a term used to describe a situation where the outcome of an event is determined by a specific factor or set of factors. |
| Corsican | The word "sicondu" may also mean "after" or "according to." |
| Croatian | Ovisno je cognate with the English word "depend" |
| Czech | The preposition "pod" originally meant "under" and can still be found in many toponyms, especially near water. |
| Danish | From the Old Norse word 'afhángr', translating to 'hanging down' or 'suspended'. |
| Dutch | The word "afhankelijk" can also mean "addicted" or "subordinate" in Dutch. |
| Esperanto | In Esperanto, "depende" also means "it depends upon" when expressing a contingent statement. |
| Estonian | The Estonian sõltuvalt ultimately derives from sõltuma, which in turn derives from sõltu, meaning "knot". This suggests a connection between "knots" and "dependency". |
| Finnish | "Riippua" means also to hang, to be dependent on something and to be tied to something. |
| French | The French word "en fonction, dépendemment" comes from the Latin word "dependere", meaning "to hang from" and can alternately refer to "in function" or "in relation to". |
| Frisian | The Frisian word "ôfhinklik" originally referred to "hanging on" or "leaning against" and is related to the Old Frisian word "hôkia." |
| Galician | In Galician, "dependendo" not only means "depending" but also "leaning" or "hanging". |
| German | In addition to 'depending', 'abhängig' can mean 'addicted' or 'dependent on something or someone'. |
| Greek | The Greek word "σε συνάρτηση" can also refer to "function" and the verb "to correlate." |
| Gujarati | Depending comes from Old English “dependan,” meaning “hanging down.” |
| Haitian Creole | The word "depann" in Haitian Creole can also mean to help or assist someone. |
| Hausa | Dangane da is also the Hausa word for "because". |
| Hawaiian | Kaukaʻi also means "to be careful" or "to be cautious" in Hawaiian. |
| Hebrew | The word "תלוי" can also mean "hanged" or "crucified". |
| Hindi | "निर्भर करता है" is a compound of the noun निर्भरता (reliance), which comes from the verb निर्भर होना (to depend) and the verb करना (to do). |
| Hmong | The Hmong word "nyob ntawm seb" can also mean "to rely on" or "to depend on". |
| Hungarian | The word "attól függően" can also mean "based on" or "according to" in Hungarian. |
| Icelandic | "Fer eftir" (depending) is an ancient term referring to a person following a chief into battle, and the subsequent share of the war booty to which they were entitled. |
| Igbo | Igbo 'dabere' may also mean 'to follow' or 'to stick to'. It's related to Oromo 'dobba' for 'hold back' or 'wait'. |
| Indonesian | The word "tergantung" originally meant "suspended" or "hanging" in Old Javanese and Old Malay, and it still retains this meaning in Indonesian. |
| Irish | The word "ag brath" in Irish literally means "in eternity" or "forever", but it is also used to mean "depending" or "subject to". |
| Italian | "Dipendente" is also a noun meaning "employee" |
| Japanese | The word 「依存する」 can also mean 'to rely on', 'to depend on', or 'to be dependent on'. |
| Javanese | The Javanese word "gumantung" can also mean "to hang" or "to be supported by something". |
| Kazakh | The word "байланысты" in Kazakh can also mean "related" or "connected". |
| Khmer | The word "អាស្រ័យ" (aasray) shares an etymological root with the Sanskrit word "आश्रय" (aashraya), meaning "refuge" or "shelter." |
| Korean | '따라' is also used in many compounds that represent a state of being. |
| Kurdish | The word "girêdayî ye" in Kurdish can also mean "leaning" or "supported". |
| Kyrgyz | The word "жараша" in Kyrgyz can also mean "adjoining" or "adjacent". |
| Latin | In addition to meaning "depending," the Latin word "fretus" also means "relying upon," "resting on," and "trusting in." |
| Latvian | The word "atkarībā" is derived from the verb "atkart" ("to depend") and the suffix "-ība" ("ness"), and can also mean "reliance" or "dependence". |
| Lithuanian | "Priklausomai" comes from an Old Slavic word "priklep", meaning to fasten, attach or glue together. |
| Macedonian | The word "во зависност" in Macedonian is often used to refer to the relationship between two things, while in English it can also be used to refer to a contingency. |
| Malagasy | The word "miankina" can also mean "leaning against" |
| Malay | "Bergantung" means "hanging" in Malay, but it also has the figurative meaning of "relying on" |
| Malayalam | The word “അനുസരിച്ച്” is a Malayalam word which can have different meanings depending on the context. |
| Maltese | The Maltese word 'jiddependi' ultimately traces back to the Latin word 'dependere', meaning 'to hang' or 'to be suspended'. |
| Maori | The term "whakawhirinaki" also bears the connotation of "reclining upon" or "leaning upon" an object or person for support or dependence. |
| Marathi | The word "अवलंबून" originates from Sanskrit, where it also means "supported" or "relied upon". |
| Mongolian | The word "хамаарч" can also mean "pertaining to" or "relating to". |
| Myanmar (Burmese) | The word "မူတည်" can also mean "to follow" or "to be based on" in Myanmar (Burmese). |
| Nepali | The Nepali word "निर्भर गर्दै" is derived from Sanskrit and means "to rely on" or "to depend upon". |
| Norwegian | The word "avhengig" is derived from the Old Norse word "hengja, |
| Nyanja (Chichewa) | "Kutengera" can also mean "to rely on" or "to trust in". |
| Pashto | In some contexts, "منحصر" can also suggest 'limited', 'restrained', or 'confined'. |
| Persian | بستگی (bastegi) refers to both reliance and the state of being suspended or hanging. |
| Polish | "W zależności" can also mean "in the area of, in the scope of" |
| Portuguese (Portugal, Brazil) | "Dependendo" in Portuguese comes from the Latin "dependere" meaning "to hang down" |
| Romanian | ÎN FUNCŢIE (de) is similar with the adverb ÎN FUNCŢIE DE or the preposition DEPENDENŢA DE, the meaning being the same. |
| Russian | "В зависимости" can be interpreted as "dependent upon" or "depending on circumstances". |
| Samoan | The word “faʻamoemoe” may also mean “to rest,” “to lean,” or “to depend on” in Samoan. |
| Scots Gaelic | The phrase "a rèir" can mean "according to" or "depending on" in Scots Gaelic. |
| Serbian | "У зависности" can also mean "addiction" in Serbian. |
| Sesotho | The word "ho latela" can also mean "to be behind" or "to be late" in Sesotho. |
| Shona | "Zvichienderana" can also mean "depending on", implying conditional relationships or situations. |
| Sindhi | "منحصر آهي " is the present continuous of " منحصر ٿيو , " which in turn comes from the Arabic "انحصر ," meaning "to be restricted." |
| Sinhala (Sinhalese) | The word "අනුව" also means "accordingly" or "in accordance with". |
| Slovak | The word "podľa" also means "according to" and derives from the Proto-Slavic word *podolь, meaning "similar to". |
| Slovenian | The Slovenian word "odvisno" is derived from the Proto-Slavic word *otъvisěti, which means "to hang down from" or "to be suspended from". |
| Somali | The verb phrase 'ku xiran tahay' can also be literally translated into 'you are connected to' or 'you are attached to'. |
| Spanish | In the Spanish language, "dependiente" can also refer to the staff in a business, including a waiter in a cafe or salesperson in a shop. |
| Sundanese | "Gumantung" in Sundanese also means "to hang" or "to be suspended from something". |
| Swahili | "Kutegemea," Swahili for "depending," may also mean "relying on, trusting," even "leaning against" physically. |
| Swedish | "Beroende på" is a derivative of "bero" which means "reliance" or "dependence". |
| Tagalog (Filipino) | The word "nakasalalay" can also refer to a physical object that is supported by another. |
| Tajik | The word "вобаста аст" can also mean "it is necessary" or "it is obligatory". |
| Tamil | "பொறுத்து" can also mean 'to wait', 'to endure' or 'to tolerate' |
| Telugu | The word "బట్టి" (batti) can also refer to a type of Indian musical instrument similar to a sitar. |
| Thai | The verb ขึ้นอยู่กับ literally means 'to rely on' or 'to depend on' something. |
| Turkish | "Bağlı" also means "connected" and "bound" in Turkish, coming from the root word "bağ" meaning "tie" or "knot." |
| Ukrainian | In Ukrainian, "залежно" also means "slope," a connection to its original root word meaning "to lie down." |
| Uzbek | "Qarab" can also mean "to be near" or "to approach". |
| Vietnamese | The word "tùy" can also mean "by one's own will" or "at one's convenience." |
| Welsh | The Welsh word "yn dibynnu" can also mean "in relation to" or "based on". |
| Xhosa | The term "kuxhomekeke" derives from the Xhosa verb "xhoma," meaning "to hang" or "to depend". |
| Yiddish | In Yiddish, the word "דעפּענדינג" can also mean "to rely on" or "to be supported by" in addition to "depending on." |
| Yoruba | The Yoruba word "dale" has several meanings, including "to depend on," "to rely on," and "to be certain of." |
| Zulu | Kuya can also mean "to be able to". |
| English | The term 'depending' derives from the Middle English word 'dependyng,' meaning 'hanging down' and 'relying on.' |