By in Different Languages
Discover 'By' in 134 Languages: Dive into Translations, Hear Pronunciations, and Uncover Cultural Insights.
By
Afrikaans deur | ||
Albanian nga | ||
Amharic በ | ||
Arabic بواسطة | ||
Armenian կողմից | ||
Assamese দ্বাৰা | ||
Aymara ukata | ||
Azerbaijani tərəfindən | ||
Bambara ni a ye | ||
Basque arabera | ||
Belarusian па | ||
Bengali দ্বারা | ||
Bhojpuri द्वारा | ||
Bosnian by | ||
Bulgarian от | ||
Catalan per | ||
Cebuano pinaagi sa | ||
Chinese (Simplified) 通过 | ||
Chinese (Traditional) 通過 | ||
Corsican da | ||
Croatian po | ||
Czech podle | ||
Danish ved | ||
Dhivehi ބައި | ||
Dogri राहें | ||
Dutch door | ||
English by | ||
Esperanto de | ||
Estonian kõrval | ||
Ewe to | ||
Filipino (Tagalog) sa pamamagitan ng | ||
Finnish mennessä | ||
French par | ||
Frisian troch | ||
Galician por | ||
Georgian ავტორი | ||
German durch | ||
Greek με | ||
Guarani rupi | ||
Gujarati દ્વારા | ||
Haitian Creole pa | ||
Hausa by | ||
Hawaiian e | ||
Hebrew על ידי | ||
Hindi द्वारा | ||
Hmong los ntawm | ||
Hungarian által | ||
Icelandic eftir | ||
Igbo site na | ||
Ilocano babaen | ||
Indonesian oleh | ||
Irish le | ||
Italian di | ||
Japanese 沿って | ||
Javanese dening | ||
Kannada ಇವರಿಂದ | ||
Kazakh арқылы | ||
Khmer ដោយ | ||
Kinyarwanda na | ||
Konkani वरवीं | ||
Korean 으로 | ||
Krio bay we | ||
Kurdish ji | ||
Kurdish (Sorani) تا | ||
Kyrgyz тарабынан | ||
Lao ໂດຍ | ||
Latin per | ||
Latvian pēc | ||
Lingala pene | ||
Lithuanian pateikė | ||
Luganda okujjako | ||
Luxembourgish vun | ||
Macedonian од страна на | ||
Maithili द्वारा | ||
Malagasy ny | ||
Malay oleh | ||
Malayalam എഴുതിയത് | ||
Maltese minn | ||
Maori e | ||
Marathi द्वारा | ||
Meiteilon (Manipuri) ꯒꯤ ꯃꯇꯨꯡ ꯏꯟꯅꯥ ꯑꯦꯟ.ꯗꯤ.ꯑꯦ | ||
Mizo tu | ||
Mongolian гэхэд | ||
Myanmar (Burmese) က | ||
Nepali द्वारा | ||
Norwegian av | ||
Nyanja (Chichewa) by | ||
Odia (Oriya) ଦ୍ .ାରା | ||
Oromo -n | ||
Pashto د | ||
Persian توسط | ||
Polish przez | ||
Portuguese (Portugal, Brazil) de | ||
Punjabi ਨਾਲ | ||
Quechua by | ||
Romanian de | ||
Russian по | ||
Samoan e | ||
Sanskrit इत्यनेन | ||
Scots Gaelic le | ||
Sepedi ka | ||
Serbian од стране | ||
Sesotho by | ||
Shona by | ||
Sindhi پاران | ||
Sinhala (Sinhalese) විසින් | ||
Slovak od | ||
Slovenian avtor | ||
Somali by | ||
Spanish por | ||
Sundanese ku | ||
Swahili na | ||
Swedish förbi | ||
Tagalog (Filipino) ni | ||
Tajik аз ҷониби | ||
Tamil வழங்கியவர் | ||
Tatar тарафыннан | ||
Telugu ద్వారా | ||
Thai โดย | ||
Tigrinya ብ | ||
Tsonga hi | ||
Turkish tarafından | ||
Turkmen tarapyndan | ||
Twi (Akan) mu | ||
Ukrainian від | ||
Urdu بذریعہ | ||
Uyghur by | ||
Uzbek tomonidan | ||
Vietnamese bởi | ||
Welsh gan | ||
Xhosa by | ||
Yiddish דורך | ||
Yoruba nipasẹ | ||
Zulu by |
Etymology & Notes
| Language | Etymology / Notes |
|---|---|
| Afrikaans | The word "deur" in Afrikaans comes from the Dutch "door" and can also mean "through" or "across". |
| Albanian | The Albanian word "nga" can also mean "from", "out of", or "since", depending on the context. |
| Amharic | The word በ also means 'instrument' or 'agent', as in በቀለም כתב 'he wrote with a pen'. |
| Arabic | In Arabic, "بواسطة" can also refer to an "instrument" or a "means". |
| Armenian | The word "կողմից" can also mean "from the side" or "on the part of" in Armenian. |
| Azerbaijani | The word "tərəfindən" can also mean "on behalf of" or "by means of" in Azerbaijani. |
| Basque | "Arabere" also means "to take" when used with the verb root "heldu". |
| Belarusian | The word “па” also means “then,” “now,” and “well” in Belarusian. |
| Bengali | The Bengali word "দ্বারা" (by) originates from Sanskrit and carries additional meanings like "through" and "via". |
| Bosnian | In the Bosnian language, the word "by" is derived from the Slavic word "byti", which means "to be". |
| Bulgarian | The word "от" (ot) in Bulgarian can also mean "from" or "out of". |
| Catalan | The word "per" in Catalan can also mean "through" or "during". |
| Cebuano | Pinaagi sa is also the Tagalog word for 'durch' in German, 'via' in Latin, 'por' in Spanish, 'da parte' in Italian, 'à travers' in French and 'door' in Dutch. |
| Chinese (Simplified) | The term “通过” can be interpreted both as “by” and “to pass through”. |
| Chinese (Traditional) | "通過" originally meant "to connect with each other," hence also the meaning of "to pass." This usage can still be seen in certain idioms. |
| Corsican | Corsican "da" also means "towards" or "from". |
| Croatian | In nautical jargon, "po" (meaning "by") is used to indicate a destination, and in some expressions it is similar to the English preposition "at" |
| Czech | The word "podle" is a preposition and noun meaning "according to" or "underneath", it is also a verb meaning "to submit" or "to subject" |
| Danish | In Danish, the word "ved" not only means "by" but can also signify "near" or "in the vicinity of" a place. |
| Dutch | In Dutch, the word "deur" can also mean "doorway", "gate", or "entrance" |
| Esperanto | De (by) is also used to indicate the maker of something or someone. |
| Estonian | The word "kõrval" also means "beside", "next to", or "at the side of" in Estonian. |
| Finnish | The Finnish word "mennessä" can also refer to "when arriving", "when reaching", or "when passing by". |
| French | The word "par" can also mean "through" or "via" in certain contexts. |
| Frisian | Frisian's "troch" can also mean "through" or "by way of". |
| Galician | The word "por" is also used to introduce the agent of a passive verb. |
| German | The word "durch" is derived from the Proto-Germanic word "*þurh", meaning "through", and is related to the English word "thorough". |
| Greek | The Greek word με (by) can also mean "through", "in", or "with". |
| Gujarati | The word 'દ્વારા' (by) in Gujarati also means 'through', 'via', or 'along'. |
| Haitian Creole | The word "pa" in Haitian Creole can also be a short form of "par" meaning "for". |
| Hausa | The Hausa word "by" can also mean "because of" or "for the sake of." |
| Hawaiian | The Hawaiian word "e" also means "with" and can be used to form compound words like "eha" (with four) and "ekolu" (with three). |
| Hebrew | In Biblical Hebrew, על ידי can also mean "on the side of"} |
| Hindi | In addition to its common meaning, "द्वारा" can also indicate "through" or "on behalf of" in Hindi. |
| Hmong | "Los ntawm" is also a term used to describe something as "derived" or "originated from". |
| Hungarian | The word "által" can also mean "through" or "via" in Hungarian |
| Icelandic | The word "eftir" can also mean "after" or "according to". |
| Igbo | The phrase 'site na' can also be used to denote proximity, as in 'site na ụlọ' ('near the house'). |
| Indonesian | The Indonesian word "oleh" can also mean "due to" or "as a result of". |
| Irish | The Irish word "le" can also mean "with", "near", or "along with". |
| Italian | The word "di" in Italian also means "of" and can be used as part of a possessive construction. |
| Japanese | 沿って (sotte) comes from the verb 沿う (sou) meaning "to follow" or "to go along." |
| Javanese | The word "dening" in Javanese can also mean "because of" or "due to". |
| Kannada | The word "ಇವರಿಂದ" in Kannada also means "from" or "after". |
| Kazakh | "Арқылы" (by) in Kazakh also means "through" or "by means of". |
| Khmer | In some contexts, ដោយ can mean 'instead of', 'except for', or 'but for'. |
| Korean | In Middle Korean, the word could mean both 'to' and 'by', with the former now expressed by the verb '에' ('to'). |
| Kurdish | In Sorani Kurdish, "ji" can also be used as a possessive particle indicating "of" or "belonging to" and is commonly used in compound words. |
| Kyrgyz | The word "тарабынан" can also mean "on the side of" or "in the direction of". |
| Lao | The Lao word ໂດຍ can also mean "with the help of" or "through the agency of." |
| Latin | "Per" can also mean "completely, very" (e.g. "perplexed"). |
| Latvian | "Pēc" can also mean "after" or "according to" in Latvian. |
| Lithuanian | Pateikė may also mean 'to submit' or 'to offer'. |
| Luxembourgish | In English, the word "vun" is an alternate spelling for " von". |
| Macedonian | The Macedonian word "од страна на" also means "on the side of" and "in favor of". |
| Malagasy | The word "ny" in Malagasy can also refer to a person's possession or a state of being. |
| Malay | "Oleh" can also mean "because of" |
| Malayalam | In the 19th century, the word "എഴുതിയത്" was also used to refer to a type of official document. |
| Maltese | The Maltese word "minn" can also mean "from", making it an ambiguous term that may be interpreted differently in various contexts. |
| Maori | Maori also has another word for "by" meaning "via" that is pronounced as "i". |
| Marathi | "द्वारा" can also refer to the "way" or "means" through which something is accomplished. |
| Mongolian | The Mongolian word гэхэд ('by') also means 'in the case of' and 'in connection with' |
| Myanmar (Burmese) | "က" was also used as a prefix to verbs in the past. |
| Nepali | The word "द्वारा" can also mean "through" or "via". |
| Norwegian | The word "av" can also mean "out of" or "from", and is often used in conjunction with verbs to indicate the origin or source of something. |
| Nyanja (Chichewa) | Nyanja's "by" can also mean "at," "in," "with," or "from." |
| Pashto | The Pashto word "د" ("by") also means "of" or "belonging to" when used in conjunction with a noun. |
| Persian | The word "توسط" in Persian may also denote an intermediary or a means of achieving something. |
| Polish | "Przez" can also mean "across" or "through" and, in the context of time, can mean "after" or "during". |
| Portuguese (Portugal, Brazil) | In Portuguese, the preposition "de" can also mean "from," "of," or "about." |
| Punjabi | The word "ਨਾਲ" also means "together with" or "in the company of" in Punjabi. |
| Romanian | In Romanian, the preposition "de" can also mean "of," "from," or "about," as in "carte de vizită" ("business card") or "oraşul de Cluj-Napoca" ("the city of Cluj-Napoca"). |
| Russian | In Old Church Slavonic, "по- " also means "to approach", thus the Russian words for train "поезд" and travel "перемещение" literally mean "approach" and "to move across", respectively. |
| Samoan | The Samoan word "e" can also mean "in", "at", "on", or "to". |
| Scots Gaelic | In Scots Gaelic, “le” not only means “by” (instrument or means), but also refers to “with” (in company with), and the dative case, meaning “to” or “for” someone or something. |
| Serbian | The Serbian word "од стране" can also mean "from the side" or "near." |
| Sesotho | The word 'by' in Sesotho shares its root with the word 'bya' which means 'make'} |
| Shona | In Shona, the word "by" can also mean "near" or "close to". |
| Sinhala (Sinhalese) | The word "විසින්" (visin) in Sinhala also means "by reason of" or "because of". |
| Slovak | The word "od" in Slovak also means "from", "since", or "out of". |
| Slovenian | The Russian-derived 'avtor' is not to be confused with the Slavic 'avtoritet' ('authority, expertise'). |
| Somali | Somali "ba" is derived from the Proto-Cushitic root */ba/ meaning "by, with, next to", and is used in various contexts. |
| Spanish | "Por" is derived from the Vulgar Latin "pro" meaning "in behalf of". |
| Sundanese | The Sundanese word "ku" not only means "by" but also implies "because of" or "on behalf of". |
| Swahili | The word "na" also means "and", "with" or "at" depending on context. |
| Swedish | Swedish "förbi" comes from Middle Low German "verbi" and "voorbij" in Dutch. |
| Tagalog (Filipino) | The word "ni" can also refer to the possessive form of a noun or pronoun. |
| Tajik | In Tajik, "аз ҷониби" is often used to convey agency (e.g., "the book was written by me") as well as association (e.g., "the book is from my collection"). |
| Tamil | The Tamil word "வழங்கியவர்" means "giver", but it can also be used to refer to the author or source of a text or piece of information. |
| Telugu | The word "ద్వారా" can also mean "by means of" or "through the agency of". |
| Thai | The Thai word "โดย" can originate from several different root words in Sanskrit, such as "du" or "dha", which mean "moving" or "carrying". |
| Turkish | In Turkish, "tarafından" can also mean "on behalf of" or "in the name of." |
| Ukrainian | From the Proto-Slavic word *otъ, meaning 'from' or 'away'. |
| Urdu | 'بذریعہ' also means 'with the help of' or 'through the agency of' in Urdu. |
| Uzbek | The word "tomonidan" is derived from the Persian word "tavan" meaning "power" or "ability". It also has the alternate meaning of "through" or "via". |
| Vietnamese | "Bởi" in Vietnamese can also mean "because," "since," or "due to." |
| Welsh | Some alternate definitions are 'towards', 'until', and, when preceeding an ordinal, 'in' (e.g. 'y gannol' means 'on Monday'). |
| Xhosa | The Xhosa word “nga,” which can also mean “by,” is used as an auxiliary that follows a noun, pronoun or infinitive to signify the agent of the verb’s action or the instrument used. |
| Yiddish | The Yiddish word "דורך" can also mean "through" or "across" |
| Yoruba | "Nipasẹ" can also mean "through" or "along". |
| Zulu | In Zulu, "by" (ngokwe) can also mean "according to" or "in accordance with." |
| English | The word "by" can also mean "near" or "past". |