Afrikaans opspoor | ||
Albanian gjurmë | ||
Amharic ዱካ | ||
Arabic أثر | ||
Armenian հետք | ||
Assamese দাগ | ||
Aymara rastru | ||
Azerbaijani iz | ||
Bambara ka nɔ bɔ | ||
Basque arrastoa | ||
Belarusian след | ||
Bengali ট্রেস | ||
Bhojpuri निशान | ||
Bosnian trag | ||
Bulgarian проследяване | ||
Catalan rastre | ||
Cebuano pagsubay | ||
Chinese (Simplified) 跟踪 | ||
Chinese (Traditional) 跟踪 | ||
Corsican traccia | ||
Croatian trag | ||
Czech stopa | ||
Danish spor | ||
Dhivehi ޓްރޭސް | ||
Dogri नां-नशान | ||
Dutch spoor | ||
English trace | ||
Esperanto spuro | ||
Estonian jälg | ||
Ewe ti eyome | ||
Filipino (Tagalog) bakas | ||
Finnish jäljittää | ||
French trace | ||
Frisian trace | ||
Galician traza | ||
Georgian კვალი | ||
German spur | ||
Greek ίχνος | ||
Guarani takykuere | ||
Gujarati ટ્રેસ | ||
Haitian Creole tras | ||
Hausa alama | ||
Hawaiian kahakiʻi | ||
Hebrew זֵכֶר | ||
Hindi निशान | ||
Hmong ib txoj lw | ||
Hungarian nyom | ||
Icelandic rekja | ||
Igbo chọpụta | ||
Ilocano ibakat | ||
Indonesian jejak | ||
Irish rian | ||
Italian traccia | ||
Japanese 痕跡 | ||
Javanese tilase | ||
Kannada ಜಾಡಿನ | ||
Kazakh із | ||
Khmer ដាន | ||
Kinyarwanda ibisobanuro | ||
Konkani माग | ||
Korean 자취 | ||
Krio stɔdi | ||
Kurdish şopandin | ||
Kurdish (Sorani) شوێنپێ | ||
Kyrgyz из | ||
Lao ຮ່ອງຮອຍ | ||
Latin vestigium | ||
Latvian izsekot | ||
Lingala elembo | ||
Lithuanian pėdsakas | ||
Luganda okuziga | ||
Luxembourgish spuer | ||
Macedonian трага | ||
Maithili चिह्न | ||
Malagasy soritry | ||
Malay jejak | ||
Malayalam കണ്ടെത്തുക | ||
Maltese traċċa | ||
Maori whakapapa | ||
Marathi ट्रेस | ||
Meiteilon (Manipuri) ꯊꯤꯗꯣꯛꯄ | ||
Mizo hnuchhui | ||
Mongolian ул мөр | ||
Myanmar (Burmese) သဲလွန်စ | ||
Nepali ट्रेस | ||
Norwegian spor | ||
Nyanja (Chichewa) kufufuza | ||
Odia (Oriya) ଚିହ୍ନ | ||
Oromo faana dhahuu | ||
Pashto ټریس | ||
Persian پی گیری | ||
Polish ślad | ||
Portuguese (Portugal, Brazil) vestígio | ||
Punjabi ਟਰੇਸ | ||
Quechua yupi | ||
Romanian urmă | ||
Russian след | ||
Samoan faʻasologa | ||
Sanskrit चिह्न | ||
Scots Gaelic lorg | ||
Sepedi latelela | ||
Serbian траг | ||
Sesotho trace | ||
Shona trace | ||
Sindhi ڇانو | ||
Sinhala (Sinhalese) හෝඩුවාව | ||
Slovak stopa | ||
Slovenian sled | ||
Somali raad | ||
Spanish rastro | ||
Sundanese ngambah | ||
Swahili kuwaeleza | ||
Swedish spår | ||
Tagalog (Filipino) bakas | ||
Tajik пайгирӣ | ||
Tamil சுவடு | ||
Tatar эз | ||
Telugu జాడ కనుగొను | ||
Thai ติดตาม | ||
Tigrinya ኣሰር | ||
Tsonga landzelerisa | ||
Turkish iz | ||
Turkmen yz | ||
Twi (Akan) di akyire | ||
Ukrainian слід | ||
Urdu ٹریس | ||
Uyghur ئىز | ||
Uzbek iz | ||
Vietnamese dấu vết | ||
Welsh olrhain | ||
Xhosa trace | ||
Yiddish שפּור | ||
Yoruba wa kakiri | ||
Zulu ukulandelela |
| Language | Etymology / Notes |
|---|---|
| Afrikaans | The term "opspoor" can also refer to the spoor left behind by an animal or person. |
| Albanian | "Gjurmë" comes from Proto-Albanian and has cognates in other Paleo-Balkan languages, such as Dacian "dzurma" |
| Amharic | "ዱካ" (trace) is derived from the root "ዶክ" (to follow) and has similar meanings in languages like Arabic, Hebrew, and Turkish. |
| Arabic | The Arabic word 'أثر' (trace) shares its root with the word 'اثر' (to do), suggesting a connection between the physical evidence of an action and the action itself. |
| Armenian | In Armenian, ‘հետք’ also means ‘after’, ‘behind’ and ‘trail’. |
| Azerbaijani | The word "iz" in Azerbaijani can also mean "mark", "sign", or "vestiges". |
| Basque | The Basque word "arrastoa" means "trace" in English, and is related to the verb "arrai" ("to pursue"). |
| Belarusian | The word "след" in Belarusian comes from the Proto-Slavic word *следъ, meaning "path, track, or footprint." |
| Bengali | "ট্রেস" শব্দটির সঙ্গে 'ট্র্যাক' শব্দের সাথে শব্দতাত্ত্বিক যোগাযোগ রয়েছে। |
| Bosnian | The word "trag" can also refer to a wooden pole, a sled, a stretcher, or a cart with two wheels. |
| Bulgarian | The noun 'проследяване' can also refer to 'tracking' someone's activities or 'following' a suspect. |
| Catalan | The noun "rastre" in Catalan comes from the French "rastre" that means "scent, footprint". The verb "rastrejar" comes from the Latin "rastru" (rake). |
| Chinese (Simplified) | The full-width form of "跟踪" can mean "follow the traces of" or "track the root cause of something." |
| Chinese (Traditional) | The character '蹤' in '跟踪' literally means 'footstep' or 'trail', implying the act of following someone's footsteps or path. |
| Corsican | In Corsican, the word traccia can also mean a path, a route, or a mark left by someone or something. |
| Croatian | The Slavic word "trag" also means "scent" and "path". |
| Czech | "Stopa" also means "foot" in Czech, derived from the Old Czech word "stąpъ" meaning "to step". |
| Danish | "Spor" means 'leg' in Russian and 'seed' in Latin. |
| Dutch | Dutch "spoor" means "trace" but also "railway track," and it stems from Middle Dutch "spor," "footprint, vestige," and Old Dutch "spōr," "track, trail, path, course," and is related to the German "spüren," "to search for," and "spur," "track, trace." |
| Esperanto | "Spuro" is also a synonym for "trako", meaning "rail", and is probably related to the Latin word "spurius", meaning "illegitimate" or "false", possibly due to the way rails guide trains along a path. |
| Estonian | The word "jälg" in Estonian is derived from the Proto-Uralic word *jälke, meaning "path" or "track". |
| Finnish | "Jäljittää" contains the word "jälki", meaning "footprint", suggesting the idea of following a trail or path to uncover something. |
| French | The French word "trace" can also mean "mark", "line", or "path". |
| Frisian | The Frisian word "trace" also means "a small amount" or "a little bit". |
| Galician | The word "traza" can also refer to a path or a plan of action in Galician. |
| Georgian | The word "კვალი" is also used in Georgian to refer to a "path" or "trail". |
| German | The German word "Spur" can also mean "track" or "trail" in the sense of a path or route. |
| Greek | In ancient Greek, the word ίχνος ('ikhnos') originally meant 'step' or 'footstep' before later coming to encompass the broader concept of 'trace' or 'track'. |
| Gujarati | "ટ્રેસ" is related to the word "trace," which also has the meaning of a part; portion. |
| Haitian Creole | The word "tras" can also mean "behind" or "after" in Haitian Creole. |
| Hausa | Hausa "alama" can also mean "footprint," "mark," or "sign." |
| Hawaiian | The word "kahakiʻi" also means "to mark or make a mark". |
| Hebrew | The word 'זֵכֶר' in Hebrew can also mean 'male' or 'memory', depending on its context. |
| Hindi | Also means an identifying mark or a footprint, related to the Persian “nesh” for a scar or mark. |
| Hmong | The word "ib txoj lw" can also mean "footprint" or "trail" in Hmong. |
| Hungarian | The word "nyom" can also mean "sign" in a more general sense |
| Icelandic | Rekja, meaning 'trace', also refers to the smell of a person or animal, and the 'smell' of a place. |
| Igbo | The Igbo word 'Chọpụta' also denotes 'to come across', 'to discover', or 'to find'. |
| Indonesian | "Jejak" in Indonesian can also refer to a dance performed by the Betawi people of Jakarta. |
| Irish | "Rian" is an Irish word with multiple meanings, including "path," "track," "mark," and "sign. |
| Italian | "Traccia" can mean both "trace" and "track," as in a music track or a sports track. |
| Japanese | The word 痕跡 (konseki) can also mean "evidence" or "indication". |
| Javanese | In Old Javanese, "tilase" also meant "monument" or "inscription". |
| Kannada | The word "ಜಾಡಿನ" can also refer to a mark left on the body from an injury or disease. |
| Kazakh | The Kazakh word "із" can also mean "sign", "mark", or "proof". |
| Khmer | The word “ដាន” can also refer to a path or trail in Khmer. |
| Korean | "자취" also means "footsteps" or "footprints" in Korean. |
| Kurdish | In Kurdish, "şopandin" comes from the Persian word "şob" meaning "night" and "and" meaning "in," referring to something that happened during the night. |
| Kyrgyz | In Kyrgyz, "из" can also mean "scent," "trail," or "footstep." |
| Latin | In Latin, "vestigium" denotes a physical trace, but also a path, a track, or a mark, extending its meaning to the realm of memory, history, and the passage of time. |
| Latvian | The Latvian word "izsekot" originally meant "to follow an animal by its tracks". |
| Lithuanian | In Lithuanian, "pėdsakas" means "trace" but also has the alternate meaning of "footprint." |
| Luxembourgish | In medieval French, the word "espoor" meant both "trace" and "hope", a meaning kept in the Luxembourgish dialect but lost in French |
| Macedonian | In the Macedonian language, the word «трага» can also mean «path» or «way to track». |
| Malagasy | The word "soritry" is of Malay origin and can also mean "mark" or "sign". |
| Malay | Jejak also means 'footprint' or 'pathway' in Malay. |
| Malayalam | കണ്ടെത്തുക (kaṇḍettukka) is derived from the Sanskrit word 'khan' or 'khad', meaning 'to dig'. Therefore, it also means 'to excavate' or 'to dig out'. |
| Maltese | The word "traċċa" can also mean "trail" or "path" in Maltese. |
| Maori | The word "whakapapa" can also mean "genealogy" or "lineage" in Maori. |
| Marathi | The Marathi word 'ट्रेस' originates from English and refers to a small quantity or amount of something. |
| Mongolian | "Ул мөр" can also be interpreted as "a path created by the wheel of a moving vehicle." |
| Myanmar (Burmese) | The word also means "to be traced, followed, or marked". |
| Nepali | The word "ट्रेस" in Nepali can also mean "a small amount of something" or "a mark or line left by something that has passed." |
| Norwegian | The word "spor" is also used as a term for a railway track |
| Nyanja (Chichewa) | The word 'kufufuza' can also mean 'to search' or 'to investigate' in Nyanja. |
| Pashto | The Pashto word ټریس is derived from French, which is also used as a verb meaning to forge a horse or to draw a horse back on its hind legs with its head down. |
| Persian | The Persian word "پی گیری" also means "follow-up", "investigation", or "inquest". |
| Polish | The word "ślad" in Polish is derived from the Proto-Slavic word *slědъ, which also means "path" or "track". |
| Portuguese (Portugal, Brazil) | The verb origin of "vestígio" is the "vestigiatus", which can be interpreted as both a footprint as an investigation result. |
| Punjabi | The word "ਟਰੇਸ" also means "a slight mark or impression left by something that has passed" in Punjabi. |
| Romanian | "Urmă" also refers to a footprint, legacy, proof of a crime or accident. |
| Russian | "След" in Russian also means "imprint" or "mark". |
| Samoan | Faʻasologa can also refer to a pattern or model, as well as a line or furrow. |
| Scots Gaelic | Also used, in the plural, to mean 'the traces of harnessed animals' |
| Serbian | In Russian, "траг" also means "footprint", "mark", "path", or "evidence". |
| Sesotho | Sesotho word "trace" can also mean a thin line, crease, or groove. |
| Shona | In Shona, 'trace' can also refer to a 'sign' or 'mark' left behind by someone or something, or a 'path' or 'trail' that leads to something. |
| Sindhi | In Sindhi, "ڇانو" (trace) derives from "ڇا" (to print) and was historically used for 'the footprint of a human or animal'. |
| Slovak | "Stopa" can also mean "paw" or "foot" in Slovak and a "measure unit" in the context of poetry. |
| Slovenian | The word "sled" in Slovenian also means "track or trail", derived from the Proto-Slavic –slêdъ—, meaning "a way traced or trodden by someone going over it, a track, footpath, way, trace, mark". |
| Somali | In Northern Somali, 'raad' also refers to a footprint, while in Southern Somali, it specifically denotes the hoofprint of a camel or cow. |
| Spanish | Rastros's other meanings include "slaughterhouse," perhaps due to the "trail" of blood left behind after animals were slaughtered. |
| Sundanese | Ngambah has an alternate meaning of 'to take a bite' or 'to eat a bit' |
| Swahili | The word 'kuwaeleza' in Swahili also means to explain or interpret. |
| Swedish | The Swedish word "spår" has multiple meanings, including "track", "trace", "railway track", and "scent". |
| Tagalog (Filipino) | The Tagalog word "bakas" can also mean vestige, evidence, sign, indicator, reminder, scar, or bruise. |
| Tajik | The word "пайгирӣ" (trace) in Tajik has different meanings, such as "research", "investigation", and "tracking". |
| Tamil | சுவடு in Tamil also means 'footstep', 'path', and 'mark' |
| Telugu | The verb "జాడ కనుగొను" literally means "to find a footprint or mark," but is also used figuratively to mean "to follow a trail" or "to uncover a hidden truth." |
| Thai | Despite its literal meaning of "to stick to" or "to follow", "ติดตาม" can also be used in a more figurative sense, to indicate "to monitor" or "to keep track of" something. |
| Turkish | The word "iz" in Turkish also means "scent" or "odor". |
| Ukrainian | The word "слід" in Ukrainian can also refer to a footprint, a mark, or a path. |
| Urdu | The Urdu word "ٹریس" has multiple meanings, including "mark," "sign," "line," and "track." |
| Uzbek | In Old Uzbek, "iz" also meant "sign" or "mark". |
| Vietnamese | The word "dấu vết" can also mean "sign" or "mark" in Vietnamese. |
| Welsh | The Welsh word "olrhain" also means "footstep" or "path". |
| Xhosa | The Xhosa noun 'umkhondo' has the same root as the English word 'trace', referring to a footprint or path. |
| Yiddish | The Yiddish word "שפּור" (/shpor/) ultimately derives from the Proto-Indo-European root *sper, meaning "to kick," and thus is a cognate of the English word "spur." |
| Yoruba | "Wa kakiri" can also mean to be exhausted or finished. |
| Zulu | The word "ukulandelela" in Zulu shares its root with "ulandelo", meaning "progenitor" or "ancestor", suggesting a connection between tracing and genealogy. |
| English | "Trace" comes from the Old French "tracer", meaning "to follow a path" or "to draw a line", and is related to the word "track". |