Afrikaans laag | ||
Albanian avokat | ||
Amharic ንብርብር | ||
Arabic طبقة | ||
Armenian շերտ | ||
Assamese স্তৰ | ||
Aymara kapa | ||
Azerbaijani qat | ||
Bambara lazɛri | ||
Basque geruza | ||
Belarusian пласт | ||
Bengali স্তর | ||
Bhojpuri परत | ||
Bosnian sloj | ||
Bulgarian слой | ||
Catalan capa | ||
Cebuano sapaw | ||
Chinese (Simplified) 层 | ||
Chinese (Traditional) 層 | ||
Corsican stratu | ||
Croatian sloj | ||
Czech vrstva | ||
Danish lag | ||
Dhivehi ލޭޔަރ | ||
Dogri परत | ||
Dutch laag | ||
English layer | ||
Esperanto tavolo | ||
Estonian kiht | ||
Ewe ɖoɖo | ||
Filipino (Tagalog) layer | ||
Finnish kerros | ||
French couche | ||
Frisian laach | ||
Galician capa | ||
Georgian ფენა | ||
German schicht | ||
Greek στρώμα | ||
Guarani apeao | ||
Gujarati સ્તર | ||
Haitian Creole kouch | ||
Hausa layer | ||
Hawaiian papa | ||
Hebrew שִׁכבָה | ||
Hindi परत | ||
Hmong txheej | ||
Hungarian réteg | ||
Icelandic lag | ||
Igbo oyi akwa | ||
Ilocano agsit | ||
Indonesian lapisan | ||
Irish ciseal | ||
Italian strato | ||
Japanese 層 | ||
Javanese lapisan | ||
Kannada ಪದರ | ||
Kazakh қабат | ||
Khmer ស្រទាប់ | ||
Kinyarwanda urwego | ||
Konkani स्तर | ||
Korean 층 | ||
Krio pat | ||
Kurdish pel | ||
Kurdish (Sorani) چین | ||
Kyrgyz катмар | ||
Lao ຊັ້ນ | ||
Latin stratum | ||
Latvian slānis | ||
Lingala couche | ||
Lithuanian sluoksnis | ||
Luganda omugigi | ||
Luxembourgish layer | ||
Macedonian слој | ||
Maithili परत | ||
Malagasy sosona | ||
Malay lapisan | ||
Malayalam ലെയർ | ||
Maltese saff | ||
Maori paparanga | ||
Marathi थर | ||
Meiteilon (Manipuri) ꯂꯩꯔꯣꯜ | ||
Mizo thuah | ||
Mongolian давхарга | ||
Myanmar (Burmese) အလွှာ | ||
Nepali तह | ||
Norwegian lag | ||
Nyanja (Chichewa) wosanjikiza | ||
Odia (Oriya) ସ୍ତର | ||
Oromo baqqaana | ||
Pashto پرت | ||
Persian لایه | ||
Polish warstwa | ||
Portuguese (Portugal, Brazil) camada | ||
Punjabi ਪਰਤ | ||
Quechua lasta | ||
Romanian strat | ||
Russian слой | ||
Samoan vaega | ||
Sanskrit स्तर | ||
Scots Gaelic còmhdach | ||
Sepedi llaga | ||
Serbian слој | ||
Sesotho mokato | ||
Shona rukoko | ||
Sindhi پرت | ||
Sinhala (Sinhalese) ස්තරය | ||
Slovak vrstva | ||
Slovenian plast | ||
Somali lakabka | ||
Spanish capa | ||
Sundanese lapisan | ||
Swahili safu | ||
Swedish lager | ||
Tagalog (Filipino) patong | ||
Tajik қабати | ||
Tamil அடுக்கு | ||
Tatar катлам | ||
Telugu పొర | ||
Thai ชั้น | ||
Tigrinya ሽፋን | ||
Tsonga leyara | ||
Turkish katman | ||
Turkmen gatlak | ||
Twi (Akan) mmeamu | ||
Ukrainian шар | ||
Urdu پرت | ||
Uyghur قەۋەت | ||
Uzbek qatlam | ||
Vietnamese lớp | ||
Welsh haen | ||
Xhosa uluhlu | ||
Yiddish שיכט | ||
Yoruba fẹlẹfẹlẹ | ||
Zulu ungqimba |
| Language | Etymology / Notes |
|---|---|
| Afrikaans | "Laag" can also mean "low" or "shallow". |
| Albanian | The Albanian word "avokat" is derived from the Latin word "advocatus", meaning "one who is called to aid". |
| Amharic | The word "ንብርብር" can also refer to a layer of clothing or a group of people standing in a line. |
| Arabic | طبقة, meaning layer, also refers to class or stratum in the context of society or hierarchy. |
| Armenian | In Armenian, "շերտ" also refers to a floor of a multi-storied building, or a social "class". |
| Azerbaijani | "Qat" also means "line" in Azerbaijani; it can mean "floor" in various contexts. |
| Basque | "Geruza" also means a "piece of meat" and likely originates in the word "gereziŋ" (cherry). |
| Belarusian | The word “пласт” is also used in physics, to refer to an electrically charged object. |
| Bengali | "স্তর" can also mean "the earth" or "a group of people of the same kind or status" in Bengali. |
| Bosnian | In Bosnian, "sloj" can also mean "caste" or "class" socially or economically. |
| Bulgarian | The Russian word "слой" can also mean "stratum", "class" or "social group". |
| Catalan | Capa's other meanings in Catalan include 'raincoat', 'cape' and 'mantle' |
| Cebuano | The word "sapaw" also refers to a small amount of something or a single dose of medicine, and it can be used as a prefix for "layer" to denote shallowness. |
| Chinese (Simplified) | "层" (cénɡ) originally meant "ice" but can also refer to a "storey" in a building or a "section" of a text or population. |
| Chinese (Traditional) | Originally intended to mean a sequence of horizontal strata, '層' has also been used to signify hierarchy, status, and different levels of society. |
| Corsican | The word "stratu" also means "stratum" or "layer" in Italian. |
| Croatian | The Slavic root sloj- meaning 'to lay' is common to all Slavic languages and appears in English (e.g., 'slice', 'sloe'). |
| Czech | The word "vrstva" originates from the Proto-Slavic term "vertъ", meaning "to turn". |
| Danish | The word |
| Dutch | The Dutch word "laag" (layer) is also used to signify "low" or "humble" when describing people, objects, or situations. |
| Esperanto | The Esperanto word "tavolo" also means "table" in Italian. |
| Estonian | The word "kiht" in Estonian can also refer to a social stratum or class. |
| Finnish | Kerros (Finnish for "layer") likely derives from Proto-Germanic *karr, meaning rock or cliff. |
| French | "Couche" in French can refer to a baby's diaper or a thin sheet, deriving from the Latin "collocare" meaning "to place". |
| Frisian | The Frisian word "laach" may derive from an Old Frisian term for "pool"} |
| Galician | Galician's "capa" also denotes the outer coating (in a nut) as well as the earth layer covering a rock |
| Georgian | ფენა (Layer) comes from the Middle Persian word "pana," which can also mean "covering" or "lining." |
| German | „Schicht“ is also used to refer to a shift worked by a group of people, likely deriving from the idea of alternating layers of workers. |
| Greek | The term 'στρώμα' can also refer to a mattress, bed, or bedding. |
| Gujarati | The word "સ્તર" can also mean "level" or "standard". |
| Haitian Creole | The word "kouch" in Haitian Creole can also refer to a bed, a piece of clothing, or a floor covering. |
| Hausa | The Hausa word 'layer' can also mean 'a group of people or things that are arranged in a particular way'. |
| Hawaiian | The Hawaiian word "papa" is shared by several Pacific languages, meaning a stone slab or platform, a layer or stratum, as well as meaning "flat." |
| Hebrew | In Talmudic Hebrew, the noun "שִׁכבָה" ("shikva") can also refer to a bed or a couch. |
| Hindi | The word "परत" can also refer to a membrane or film, or to a layer of clothing. |
| Hmong | The word txheej also means "level" or "tier" in Hmong. |
| Hungarian | Hungarian "réteg" also means "order", as in "social order" ("társadalmi réteg"), or "class", as in class struggle ("osztályréteg"). |
| Icelandic | The word "lag" in Icelandic also refers to the thickness or size of an object. |
| Igbo | The Igbo word 'oyi akwa' can also refer to a 'stack' or 'pile'. |
| Indonesian | Lapisan can also refer to a social stratum or class, deriving from the root kata "lapis" (layer). |
| Irish | Irish 'ciseal' may relate to Latin 'caesa' ('a cut'), ultimately from Proto-Indo-European 'kei-' ('to cut'). |
| Italian | The Italian word 'strato' derives from the Ancient Greek word 'stratum', which means 'layer' or 'bed'. |
| Japanese | In Chinese, 層 can also mean 'class' or 'level' of a building. |
| Javanese | Lapisan, meaning 'layer' in Indonesian, has its roots in the Sanskrit word 'lapisa', also meaning 'layer'. |
| Kannada | The Kannada word "ಪದರ" can also mean a kind of cloth worn by women. |
| Kazakh | Қабат can also mean a 'layer of people', or a collection of people with the same profession or social status. |
| Khmer | Stratum is the Latin word for layer; "stratum" is also the origin of the English word "strata". |
| Korean | The word "층" originally referred to the stories of a building, and its meaning expanded to include layers in general. |
| Kurdish | The word "pel" is also used in the sense of "covering" in the Kurdish language. |
| Kyrgyz | The word "катмар" in Kyrgyz originates from the Persian word "katmar" meaning "fold" or "layer". |
| Lao | The word 'ຊັ້ນ' can also refer to a level of a building. |
| Latin | The Latin word stratum has an alternate meaning of 'litter' or 'bedclothes'. |
| Latvian | "Slānis" is related to the Proto-Slavic verb *slati "to stretch out." |
| Lithuanian | The word "sluoksnis" is derived from the Proto-Indo-European root "*srew-/*sru-/*sruw-", which means "to flow, to stream". |
| Luxembourgish | In Luxembourgish, "Layer" denotes both a geological stratum and a part of clothing that covers the legs. |
| Macedonian | The Macedonian word "Слој" also refers to a social class or stratum. |
| Malagasy | Sosona also means 'floor' in some parts of Madagascar. |
| Malay | The word "lapisan" derives from the Proto-Austronesian word "*lapis", meaning "stone" or "slab". |
| Malayalam | The word "layer" comes from the Old English word "leger", which means "to lay down". In Malayalam, the word "ലെയർ" can also refer to a "flat, thin piece of something" or a "coat of paint or other material". |
| Maltese | The word "saff" in Maltese shares the same root as "sofa" in English |
| Maori | "Paparanga" in Māori has many meanings including 'layer', a 'layer in a construction, a part, portion', a 'stage or rung of a ladder', 'to spread out in layers', a 'foundation or base' or 'the layer next to a person." |
| Marathi | The word "थर" in Marathi can also refer to a group or clan, or to the soil at the bottom of a river or pond. |
| Mongolian | The Mongolian word "давхарга" can also refer to a shelf or a platform. |
| Nepali | The word "तह" can also refer to the bottom or base of something. |
| Norwegian | From Old Norse "lag" (n.), meaning "layer," "stratum," or "bedded ice". |
| Nyanja (Chichewa) | The word "wosanjikiza" in Nyanja (Chichewa) is derived from the verb "sanjika" (to stack) and the prefix "wo" (indicating a state or condition). |
| Pashto | The word "پرت" ("layer") in Pashto is derived from an unknown source and has no other known meanings. |
| Persian | The Persian word "لایه" is also used to refer to a person's social status or class. |
| Polish | The word 'warstwa' can also refer to a 'segment of society' or a 'group of people'} |
| Portuguese (Portugal, Brazil) | The word "camada" comes from the Latin "cama" (bed), and also means "bed" in Portuguese. |
| Punjabi | The word "ਪਰਤ" can also mean "a fold" or "a plait" in Punjabi. |
| Romanian | The Romanian word "strat" also means "floor" in buildings and "storey" of a building. |
| Russian | Слово "слой" также означает "пласт","прослойка" и "пленка" |
| Samoan | The Samoan word "vaega" can also mean "part" or "section". |
| Scots Gaelic | The Gaelic word "còmhdach" can also mean "protection" or "covering." |
| Serbian | In geology, 'слој' can also refer to a stratum or layer within the Earth's crust. |
| Sesotho | The word 'mokato' in Sesotho also refers to a 'shelf' or a 'story' of a building. |
| Shona | The Shona word "rukoko" also refers to a piece of cloth or hide used to cover a sleeping child. |
| Sindhi | In Sindhi, "پرت" also means "a small piece" or "a part". |
| Sinhala (Sinhalese) | The word "ස්තරය" can also refer to a social class or stratum. |
| Slovak | The Slovak word "vrstva" can also mean stratum, class, or social hierarchy. |
| Slovenian | Plast, meaning layer, originates from German word "flaster" |
| Somali | The Somali word "lakabka" is derived from the Arabic word "tabaka" meaning "layer" or "strata." |
| Spanish | The word 'capa' also means 'cloak' or 'cape' in Spanish, reflecting its use as a protective covering. |
| Sundanese | "Lapisan" also refers to a type of small freshwater snail or its shell. |
| Swahili | It can also refer to a stratum of stratified rock such as shale |
| Swedish | In Swedish, "lager" also refers to a type of beer, derived from the German "Lagerbier" denoting storage or aging. |
| Tagalog (Filipino) | Patong can also refer to a flat cake or pancake made of a mixture of flour, sugar, and baking powder. |
| Tamil | The Tamil word "அடுக்கு" (aḍukku) also means "to repeat" or "to iterate". |
| Telugu | The word "పొర" is thought to be derived from the Proto-Dravidian word "*poṟu" meaning "to cover" or "to hide". |
| Thai | The Thai word "ชั้น" can also mean "floor" or "shelf". |
| Turkish | In Turkish, 'katman' also means a large pot used to make yogurt. |
| Ukrainian | The word "шар" can also refer to a ball or a sphere in Ukrainian. |
| Urdu | The Persian and Hindi word 'part' is often used synonymously with the Urdu word 'پرت'} |
| Vietnamese | The word "lớp" can also have the metaphorical meaning of a social status or grade. |
| Welsh | 'Haen' can also mean 'pack', 'bundle' or 'troop'. |
| Xhosa | Xhosa 'uluhlu' and 'isigaba' share the root '-hlu', suggesting a relationship between 'layer' and 'piece'. |
| Yiddish | The Yiddish word 'shikht' is derived from the German word 'Schicht', which means 'layer', 'level', or 'stratum'. |
| Yoruba | The word fẹlẹfẹlẹ can be used figuratively to describe someone who is very thin or someone who is very poor. |
| Zulu | The Zulu word "ungqimba" can also refer to a heap or a pile. |
| English | The word 'layer' comes from the Old French word 'laie,' which means 'a broad strip of land'. |