Afrikaans stelsel | ||
Albanian sistemi | ||
Amharic ስርዓት | ||
Arabic النظام | ||
Armenian համակարգ | ||
Assamese পদ্ধতি | ||
Aymara sistima | ||
Azerbaijani sistem | ||
Bambara sisitɛmu | ||
Basque sistema | ||
Belarusian сістэма | ||
Bengali পদ্ধতি | ||
Bhojpuri प्रणाली | ||
Bosnian sistem | ||
Bulgarian система | ||
Catalan sistema | ||
Cebuano sistema | ||
Chinese (Simplified) 系统 | ||
Chinese (Traditional) 系統 | ||
Corsican sistema | ||
Croatian sustav | ||
Czech systém | ||
Danish system | ||
Dhivehi ސިސްޓަމް | ||
Dogri करीना | ||
Dutch systeem | ||
English system | ||
Esperanto sistemo | ||
Estonian süsteemi | ||
Ewe mɔnu | ||
Filipino (Tagalog) sistema | ||
Finnish järjestelmään | ||
French système | ||
Frisian systeem | ||
Galician sistema | ||
Georgian სისტემა | ||
German system | ||
Greek σύστημα | ||
Guarani mohendapyrã | ||
Gujarati સિસ્ટમ | ||
Haitian Creole sistèm | ||
Hausa tsarin | ||
Hawaiian ʻōnaehana | ||
Hebrew מערכת | ||
Hindi प्रणाली | ||
Hmong kaw lus | ||
Hungarian rendszer | ||
Icelandic kerfi | ||
Igbo sistemụ | ||
Ilocano sistema | ||
Indonesian sistem | ||
Irish córas | ||
Italian sistema | ||
Japanese システム | ||
Javanese sistem | ||
Kannada ವ್ಯವಸ್ಥೆ | ||
Kazakh жүйе | ||
Khmer ប្រព័ន្ធ | ||
Kinyarwanda sisitemu | ||
Konkani प्रणाली | ||
Korean 체계 | ||
Krio sistɛm | ||
Kurdish sîstem | ||
Kurdish (Sorani) سیستەم | ||
Kyrgyz тутум | ||
Lao ລະບົບ | ||
Latin ratio | ||
Latvian sistēmā | ||
Lingala ebongiseli | ||
Lithuanian sistema | ||
Luganda ebikozesebwa ewamu | ||
Luxembourgish system | ||
Macedonian систем | ||
Maithili तरीका | ||
Malagasy rafitra | ||
Malay sistem | ||
Malayalam സിസ്റ്റം | ||
Maltese sistema | ||
Maori punaha | ||
Marathi प्रणाली | ||
Meiteilon (Manipuri) ꯄꯊꯥꯞ | ||
Mizo tihdan | ||
Mongolian систем | ||
Myanmar (Burmese) စနစ် | ||
Nepali प्रणाली | ||
Norwegian system | ||
Nyanja (Chichewa) dongosolo | ||
Odia (Oriya) ସିଷ୍ଟମ୍ | ||
Oromo sirna | ||
Pashto سیسټم | ||
Persian سیستم | ||
Polish system | ||
Portuguese (Portugal, Brazil) sistema | ||
Punjabi ਸਿਸਟਮ | ||
Quechua sistema | ||
Romanian sistem | ||
Russian система | ||
Samoan faiga | ||
Sanskrit व्यवस्था | ||
Scots Gaelic siostam | ||
Sepedi tshepedišo | ||
Serbian систем | ||
Sesotho sistimi | ||
Shona system | ||
Sindhi سسٽم | ||
Sinhala (Sinhalese) පද්ධති | ||
Slovak systém | ||
Slovenian sistem | ||
Somali nidaamka | ||
Spanish sistema | ||
Sundanese sistem | ||
Swahili mfumo | ||
Swedish systemet | ||
Tagalog (Filipino) sistema | ||
Tajik система | ||
Tamil அமைப்பு | ||
Tatar системасы | ||
Telugu వ్యవస్థ | ||
Thai ระบบ | ||
Tigrinya ስርዓት | ||
Tsonga sisitimi | ||
Turkish sistemi | ||
Turkmen ulgamy | ||
Twi (Akan) sestɛm | ||
Ukrainian система | ||
Urdu نظام | ||
Uyghur سىستېما | ||
Uzbek tizim | ||
Vietnamese hệ thống | ||
Welsh system | ||
Xhosa inkqubo | ||
Yiddish סיסטעם | ||
Yoruba eto | ||
Zulu uhlelo |
| Language | Etymology / Notes |
|---|---|
| Afrikaans | The Afrikaans word "stelsel" (system) derives from the Middle Dutch "stelsel" (position, arrangement). |
| Albanian | Although 'sistem' usually means 'system', in Albanian it can also refer to 'device' or 'mechanism'. |
| Amharic | The Geez word ሥራ ( |
| Arabic | The Arabic word "النظام" has several meanings, including "system", "order", "discipline", and "regime". |
| Armenian | The term "համակարգ" has Indo-European roots and is used in the sense of "body" or "composition" and is often found in words that carry meanings of "order" and "arrangement" or "harmony" and "coherence."} |
| Azerbaijani | The Azerbaijani word "sistem" derives from the Persian word "sistem", which in turn comes from the Greek word "systēma", meaning "organized whole." |
| Basque | The Basque word "sistema" can also mean "a place where something is stored, such as a warehouse". |
| Belarusian | The word "сістэма" is borrowed from the ancient Greek "σύστημα", meaning "a complex whole"} |
| Bengali | The word "পদ্ধতি" is derived from the Sanskrit word "पाद" (foot) and "ধা" (to hold), implying a set of steps or a well-defined way of doing something. |
| Bosnian | The Bosnian word "sistem" can also refer to the skeletal system, the nervous system, or the circulatory system. |
| Bulgarian | The loanword "система" in Bulgarian is commonly used to refer to a computer software or hardware complex. |
| Catalan | The word "sistema" (system) comes from the Greek word "systēma" which means "an organized body of thought or knowledge, or a set of principles or rules." |
| Cebuano | "Sistema" also means "method" or "procedure" in Cebuano. |
| Chinese (Simplified) | 系统 (xìtǒng) can also mean "order", "organization", or "classification". |
| Chinese (Traditional) | 系統 can also mean "series" or "order" in Chinese. |
| Corsican | In Corsican, "sistema" can also refer to a traditional form of polyphonic singing. |
| Croatian | The verb 'sustaviti' from which the word 'sustav' arose originally meant 'to stop', 'to halt', 'to bring to a standstill' or 'to make firm'. The noun 'sastav' (composition) also emerged from the same verb. |
| Czech | Systém can also refer to a musical note or tone, or a set of exercises or practices. |
| Danish | The word "system" in Danish can also refer to a group of connected organisms or the body itself. |
| Dutch | In Dutch, "systeem" can also refer to a "scheme" or a "methodology". |
| Esperanto | The Esperanto word "sistemo" is derived from the Latin word "systema" and also means "constitution". |
| Estonian | The Estonian word "süsteemi" is derived from the German word "System", which in turn comes from the Greek word "σύστημα (systema)", meaning "whole composed of parts". |
| Finnish | The Finnish word "järjestelmään" originally meant "sequence" or "order" |
| French | In French, the word «système» has connotations of order, organization and logic, similar to the English word «structure» |
| Frisian | De term 'systeem' komt in het Fries zowel voor met de Nederlandse meaning, als in de meaning 'volgorde, regelmaat'. |
| Galician | In Galician, "sistema" can also refer to a group of organs or the arrangement of parts in a machine. |
| Georgian | "სისტემა" is a Greek loanword, and its other meaning is "establishment" or "institution" |
| German | The word "System" in German can also refer to a set of rules or principles governing a group or organization. |
| Greek | Σύστημα literally means "setting together" in Greek, and can also refer to "constitution". |
| Haitian Creole | The Haitian Creole word "sistèm" likely derives from the Latin word "systema" via French. |
| Hausa | Hausa word “tsarin” (system) originates from the word “tsara” (correct, beautiful, proper, or organized). |
| Hawaiian | 'Ōnaehana' can also mean 'universe' and 'organization'. |
| Hebrew | The word "מערכת" in Hebrew also means "solar system," "digestive system," and "nervous system." |
| Hindi | The word "प्रणाली" also means "method" or "arrangement" and has cognates in other Indo-Aryan languages such as Punjabi and Bengali. |
| Hmong | The Hmong word "kaw lus" can also refer to a framework, organization, or structure. |
| Hungarian | The Hungarian word "rendszer" originally referred to a line or row, but its meaning expanded over time to encompass the concept of a system. |
| Icelandic | The word "kerfi" in Icelandic comes from the Old Norse word "kerfa," meaning "notch" or "cut"} |
| Igbo | The Igbo word "sistemụ" also refers to machines that produce electricity and operate electrical equipment. |
| Indonesian | The Indonesian word "sistem" derives from the Dutch "systeem," ultimately from the Ancient Greek "σύστημα (sustēma)" meaning "organized whole." |
| Irish | "Córas" is derived from the Old Irish word "córus" meaning "order, arrangement, or structure. |
| Italian | The word "sistema" is derived from the Greek "sustēma" and can also mean "order", "method", or "organization". |
| Japanese | The Japanese word "システム" can also refer to a "method" or "approach". |
| Javanese | In Javanese, "sistem" also refers to a type of game involving throwing and catching objects like pebbles or coins. |
| Kannada | 'ವ್ಯವಸ್ಥೆ' (vyavasTTe) in Kannada is etymologically related to the Sanskrit 'व्यव-स्था' but has come to mean both 'system', particularly governance, and 'prostitution'. |
| Kazakh | The word "жүйе" in Kazakh is also used to refer to an assembly of objects or parts, analogous to the English word "set". |
| Khmer | The word "ប្រព័ន្ធ" in Khmer originates from the Sanskrit word "प्रप्रथन" (pra-pra-than), meaning "to spread out" or "to set in order." |
| Korean | The word "체계" can also mean "order" or "arrangement", and is derived from the Chinese word "體系" (tǐxì), which means "system" or "framework". |
| Kurdish | The Kurdish word "sîstem" is also used in the context of "method", particularly when referring to the "established way of doing something". |
| Kyrgyz | "Тутум" может означать „систему“ или „совокупность чего-либо“. |
| Lao | The word "ລະບົບ" can also refer to a group of people or things that work together. |
| Latin | In Late Latin, "ratio" could also refer to a particular way of arguing, which gave rise to the meanings "reasoning," "considerations," and "argument" in Medieval and Modern Latin. |
| Latvian | "Sistēmā" is cognate with English "system", Greek "systēma", and Sanskrit "stha-" (meaning "standing, establish"). |
| Lithuanian | The Lithuanian word "sistema" is derived from the Greek word "σύστημα", which means "a whole composed of parts." |
| Luxembourgish | System can also be used to describe a group or collection, such as "e Schoulsystem", the school system |
| Macedonian | "Систем" can also mean "arrangement" or "order" in Macedonian. |
| Malagasy | In the Malagasy language, "RAFITRA" has the alternate meaning of "constitution" or "framework." |
| Malay | In Malay, "sistem" can also mean "a way of doing something" or "an organized plan." |
| Malayalam | In Malayalam, 'സിസ്റ്റം' can also refer to a group of people or things organized to perform a particular function. |
| Maltese | The Maltese word "sistema" can also refer to a set of rules or principles, or a method of doing something. |
| Maori | Punaha can also refer to a set of interrelated parts or a plan of action. |
| Marathi | "प्रणाली" derives from the Sanskrit word "प्रणर" meaning "to lead," hinting at its guiding role in a system. |
| Mongolian | The word “систем” means “method or regime” but can also refer to “order” or “way”. |
| Myanmar (Burmese) | The term "စနစ်" can also refer to organization, structure, or the way something works. |
| Nepali | "प्रणाली" comes from Sanskrit "pra-ni", meaning "before" and "ni", meaning "to lead," so it literally means "a leading forward." |
| Norwegian | "Systeme" in Norwegian can also mean “a set of principles or ideas that form a coherent whole." |
| Nyanja (Chichewa) | The word "dongosolo" can also mean "scheme" or "procedure" in Nyanja. |
| Pashto | The cognate noun for "system" in Pashto is literally rendered as "foundation", "base", or "system". |
| Persian | سیستم (systema) is an Ancient Greek word for a "methodical arrangement," which is still used in English and European languages, although in Persian, it has come to mean "system." |
| Polish | The Polish word "system" originates from the Greek "σύστημα" (systēma), meaning "whole composed of parts". |
| Portuguese (Portugal, Brazil) | The word "sistema" in Portuguese can also refer to the digestive system, or to a group of people or institutions that work together. |
| Punjabi | ''ਸਿਸਟਮ'' (''system'') is derived from the Greek word ''sustēma'' meaning "something put together" (''sun-'' + ''histanai'', "to put, stand, place"). |
| Romanian | The word "sistem" in Romanian also means "an organized group of people or things", like a political party or a solar system. |
| Russian | The word "система" also means "an ordered arrangement of parts," "a group of related items," or "a set of principles or rules." |
| Samoan | The word "faiga" can also refer to a framework, a structure, or a method. |
| Scots Gaelic | In Scots Gaelic, the word "siostam" also means "foundation". |
| Serbian | The word "систем" comes from the Greek "σύστημα" which means "organization" or "set of rules." |
| Sesotho | The word "sistimi" in Sesotho is borrowed from the English word "system", meaning an organized set of parts that work together. |
| Shona | In Shona, "system" translates to "gadziriro", which also means "government," "regime," or "administration." |
| Sindhi | سسٽم is derived from the Greek word "σύστημα" (systema), meaning "a whole composed of parts". It can also refer to a group of beliefs, a set of rules, or a method of doing something. |
| Sinhala (Sinhalese) | පද්ධති ('system') is derived from Sanskrit 'pada' (foot, base) + 'sthita' (establish, place), meaning 'an established order or method'. |
| Slovak | In Slovak, the word "systém" can also refer to a group of interrelated components acting together, such as the solar system or a computer network. |
| Slovenian | Sistem, a Slovene word meaning "system", comes from the Greek word "systēma", meaning "a whole composed of parts"} |
| Somali | Nidaamka is derived from the Arabic word 'nizam', meaning 'order' or 'arrangement'. |
| Spanish | The Spanish word "sistema" derives from the Greek "systema," meaning "group" or "arrangement." |
| Sundanese | The Sundanese word "sistem" has several meanings, including "method", "arrangement", and "group." |
| Swahili | The word "mfumo" in Swahili can also refer to a collection of objects or a group of people organized for a particular purpose. |
| Swedish | In Swedish, "systemet" also means the state-owned alcohol retail monopoly. |
| Tagalog (Filipino) | The Tagalog word 'sistema' may also refer to the human circulatory network, in addition to its meaning as 'system'. |
| Tajik | The Tajik word "система" comes from the Persian word "نظام", meaning "order", "arrangement", "organization", or "methodology." |
| Tamil | The word "அமைப்பு" is originally derived from Sanskrit "sthiti" which means "standing" or "condition". |
| Telugu | The word "వ్యవస్థ" (vyavastha) can also refer to a collection of principles or guidelines. |
| Thai | The Thai word "ระบบ" also has alternate meanings of "arrangement", "organization", or "plan". |
| Turkish | The word "sistemi" in Turkish can also refer to a person or thing that is organized or methodical, or to a group of people or things that work together. |
| Ukrainian | The word "система" can also refer to a collection of interrelated elements or a set of principles or rules. |
| Urdu | The word "نظام" also means "order", "arrangement", or "method". |
| Uzbek | Tizim can mean both "system" and "set" in Uzbek, with the latter being somewhat more common. |
| Vietnamese | The Vietnamese word `hệ thống` (system) originally meant `a group of strings`. |
| Welsh | The Welsh word 'system' means 'system'. |
| Xhosa | In Xhosa, inkqubo can also refer to an organization, institution, or group. |
| Yiddish | The Yiddish word “סיסטעם” can also mean “the body” or “a bowel movement”. |
| Yoruba | The word "ẹ̀tọ́" (system) also means "law" or "custom" in Yoruba. |
| Zulu | In computer science, 'uhlelo' is also known as a computer program. |
| English | The word 'system' derives from the Greek word 'systēma', meaning 'a whole composed of parts'. |