Illness in Different Languages
Discover 'Illness' in 134 Languages: Dive into Translations, Hear Pronunciations, and Uncover Cultural Insights.
Illness
Afrikaans siekte | ||
Albanian sëmundje | ||
Amharic ህመም | ||
Arabic مرض | ||
Armenian հիվանդություն | ||
Assamese ৰোগ | ||
Aymara usu | ||
Azerbaijani xəstəlik | ||
Bambara bana | ||
Basque gaixotasuna | ||
Belarusian хвароба | ||
Bengali অসুস্থতা | ||
Bhojpuri बेमारी | ||
Bosnian bolest | ||
Bulgarian болест | ||
Catalan malaltia | ||
Cebuano sakit | ||
Chinese (Simplified) 疾病 | ||
Chinese (Traditional) 疾病 | ||
Corsican malatia | ||
Croatian bolest | ||
Czech nemoc | ||
Danish sygdom | ||
Dhivehi ބަލިކަން | ||
Dogri मांदगी | ||
Dutch ziekte | ||
English illness | ||
Esperanto malsano | ||
Estonian haigus | ||
Ewe dɔléle | ||
Filipino (Tagalog) sakit | ||
Finnish sairaus | ||
French maladie | ||
Frisian sykte | ||
Galician enfermidade | ||
Georgian დაავადება | ||
German erkrankung | ||
Greek ασθένεια | ||
Guarani mba'asy | ||
Gujarati બીમારી | ||
Haitian Creole maladi | ||
Hausa rashin lafiya | ||
Hawaiian maʻi | ||
Hebrew מחלה | ||
Hindi बीमारी | ||
Hmong ua mob | ||
Hungarian betegség | ||
Icelandic veikindi | ||
Igbo ọrịa | ||
Ilocano sakit | ||
Indonesian penyakit | ||
Irish tinneas | ||
Italian malattia | ||
Japanese 病気 | ||
Javanese penyakit | ||
Kannada ಅನಾರೋಗ್ಯ | ||
Kazakh ауру | ||
Khmer ជំងឺ | ||
Kinyarwanda uburwayi | ||
Konkani दुयेंस | ||
Korean 질병 | ||
Krio sik | ||
Kurdish nexweşî | ||
Kurdish (Sorani) نەخۆشی | ||
Kyrgyz оору | ||
Lao ການເຈັບປ່ວຍ | ||
Latin aegrotatio | ||
Latvian slimība | ||
Lingala maladi | ||
Lithuanian liga | ||
Luganda endwadde | ||
Luxembourgish krankheet | ||
Macedonian заболување | ||
Maithili रोग | ||
Malagasy faharariana | ||
Malay penyakit | ||
Malayalam അസുഖം | ||
Maltese mard | ||
Maori mate | ||
Marathi आजार | ||
Meiteilon (Manipuri) ꯑꯅꯥꯕ | ||
Mizo damlohna | ||
Mongolian өвчлөл | ||
Myanmar (Burmese) နာမကျန်းဖြစ်ခြင်း | ||
Nepali बिरामी | ||
Norwegian sykdom | ||
Nyanja (Chichewa) kudwala | ||
Odia (Oriya) ରୋଗ | ||
Oromo dhibee | ||
Pashto ناروغي | ||
Persian بیماری | ||
Polish choroba | ||
Portuguese (Portugal, Brazil) doença | ||
Punjabi ਬਿਮਾਰੀ | ||
Quechua unquy | ||
Romanian boală | ||
Russian болезнь | ||
Samoan gasegase | ||
Sanskrit रोग | ||
Scots Gaelic tinneas | ||
Sepedi bolwetši | ||
Serbian болест | ||
Sesotho bokudi | ||
Shona urwere | ||
Sindhi بيماري | ||
Sinhala (Sinhalese) අසනීපය | ||
Slovak choroba | ||
Slovenian bolezen | ||
Somali jiro | ||
Spanish enfermedad | ||
Sundanese panyawat | ||
Swahili ugonjwa | ||
Swedish sjukdom | ||
Tagalog (Filipino) sakit | ||
Tajik касали | ||
Tamil உடல் நலமின்மை | ||
Tatar авыру | ||
Telugu రోగము | ||
Thai การเจ็บป่วย | ||
Tigrinya ሕማም | ||
Tsonga vuvabyi | ||
Turkish hastalık | ||
Turkmen kesel | ||
Twi (Akan) yareɛ | ||
Ukrainian захворювання | ||
Urdu بیماری | ||
Uyghur كېسەل | ||
Uzbek kasallik | ||
Vietnamese ốm | ||
Welsh salwch | ||
Xhosa isigulo | ||
Yiddish קראנקהייט | ||
Yoruba àìsàn | ||
Zulu ukugula |
Etymology & Notes
| Language | Etymology / Notes |
|---|---|
| Afrikaans | Afrikaans "siekte" derives from Dutch "siekte" and originally referred to a cattle disease but later came to mean any illness. |
| Albanian | The word "sëmundje" in Albanian contains the root "mund" (struggle), implying the fight against an adverse condition. |
| Amharic | "ህመም" is derived from the Proto-Ethiopic root ḥmm, meaning 'to burn' or 'to be feverish', and is cognate with other Semitic words for 'heat' or 'fever', such as the Arabic "حُمّى" (ḥummā), the Hebrew "חום" (ḥōm), and the Syriac "ܚܘܡܐ" (ḥūmā). |
| Arabic | The word "مرض" also means "disease" and carries the connotation of something undesirable or unwanted. |
| Armenian | The Armenian word "հիվանդություն" derives from the Proto-Indo-European root "kwei-", meaning "to suffer". Similar cognates can be found in many Indo-European languages, such as the Latin "patior" and the English "to be ill". |
| Azerbaijani | The word "xəstəlik" is derived from the Persian word "xasta", meaning "sick". |
| Basque | "Gaixotasuna" is a word that originally meant "lack of strength", although its meaning has evolved over time to also refer to "illness". |
| Belarusian | The word "хвароба" is related to the Old Church Slavonic "хороба", but can also mean "disease" or "epidemic". |
| Bengali | "অসুস্থতা" can also mean "unhealthiness", "disease", "sickness", "ill-health", or "indisposition" in Bengali. |
| Bosnian | The word "bolest" also has an alternate meaning of "pain" or "suffering". |
| Bulgarian | The same word болест can mean "disease" in Bulgarian, "pain" in Croatian, and "fear" in Slovene. |
| Catalan | "Malaltia" originates from the Latin word "male," meaning bad, and "latus," meaning side. Thus, "malaltia" refers to a condition affecting a person's well-being. |
| Cebuano | In Cebuano, "sakit" can also mean "pain" or "ache". |
| Chinese (Simplified) | "疾" in "疾病" means "painful or swift"; "病" means "illness", "fault", or "weakness". |
| Chinese (Traditional) | The term 疾病 literally means “lack of ease”, suggesting that the state of illness is characterized by physical or mental discomfort. |
| Corsican | The Corsican word "malatia" can also refer to the state of being unwell or uncomfortable, or to a specific disease or ailment. |
| Croatian | The Croatian word "bolest" derives from the Proto-Slavic word "bolěti" meaning "to feel pain" or "to ache". |
| Czech | From Proto-Slavic *nemǫgъ, from the Proto-Indo-European root *nem- (“to distribute, to allot”). |
| Danish | In Old Norse, "sjúkr" referred to a disease that was not caused by an external force. |
| Dutch | The Dutch word "ziekte" derives from "siekte", meaning a sudden change in mood or physical condition and dates back at least as far as the 12th century. |
| Esperanto | "Malsano" is a compound of the Latin words "malus" meaning "bad" and "sanus" meaning "healthy". |
| Estonian | The Estonian word "haigus" is cognate with the Finnish word "haikku", meaning "sickness", and with the Hungarian word "haj", meaning "hair". |
| Finnish | Originates in Proto-Finno-Ugric *šaira "to hurt, become ill" |
| French | The word 'maladie' is derived from the Latin word 'malus', meaning 'bad' or 'evil' |
| Frisian | The word "sykte" is a cognate of the English word "sick" and the German word "siechen". |
| Galician | The Galician word "enfermidade" comes from the Latin word "infirmitas", which means "weakness" or "frailty". |
| Georgian | The word "დაავადება" can also mean "epilepsy" or "a disease that causes someone to become weak or helpless". |
| German | The word "Erkrankung" in German ultimately derives from the Proto-Germanic word "krank", meaning "sick" or "sore". |
| Greek | "ασθενεια" comes from the ancient Greek verb "ασθενεω," meaning "to be weak." It originally referred to both physical and mental weakness. |
| Gujarati | The word "બીમારી" is derived from the Sanskrit word "bīmara", which means "diseased" or "sick". |
| Haitian Creole | The Haitian Creole word "maladi" is a loanword from French, and it can also mean "bad luck" or "misfortune" |
| Hausa | The word "rashin lafiya" can also mean "bad luck" or "misfortune" in Hausa. |
| Hawaiian | In older Hawaiian, maʻi also referred to the physical symptom of an illness, rather than the underlying disease. |
| Hebrew | The Hebrew word "מחלה" (illness) has a dual etymology, deriving both from the root "חלה" (to weaken) and from "מכה" (to strike or afflict). |
| Hindi | The word 'बीमारी' comes from the Sanskrit root 'व्यथ', which means 'pain'. |
| Hmong | The Hmong word "ua mob" likely relates to the Chinese word "wu bing," also meaning "illness," but is unrelated to the Hmong word "mob," meaning "spirit." |
| Hungarian | The Hungarian word "betegség" comes from the Proto-Turkic word *pȫdäk, which meant "tumor" or "swelling". |
| Icelandic | In Icelandic, the word "veikindi" can also refer to a disease or infirmity. |
| Igbo | "Ọrịa" also means "debt" in many Igbo dialects due to the physical and financial toll illness can take. |
| Indonesian | The term "penyakit" is derived from the Javanese word "penyaket", which originally meant "bad odor".} |
| Irish | The Welsh word 'tin' has the same root as 'tinneas' meaning 'out of place', or 'lacking'. |
| Italian | The word "malattia" is derived from the Latin "male" (bad) and "actum" (done), connoting a negative action or condition. |
| Japanese | Disease; illness; sickness; malady (病) of spirit or society (気) |
| Javanese | The Javanese word "penyakit" not only refers to illness, but also to "a state of suffering, trouble, or hardship". |
| Kannada | The Kannada word "ಅನಾರೋಗ್ಯ" is derived from the Sanskrit root "aroga" meaning "healthy," and the prefix "an-" indicating "not". |
| Kazakh | The Kazakh word 'ауру' (illness) originates from the Proto-Turkic word 'awrï', meaning 'to catch a disease' or 'to be sick'. |
| Khmer | "ជំងឺ" originally meant "rotten" or "decaying matter". |
| Korean | '질(疾)' from '질병' (illness) means 'swift,' 'fast,' or 'quick' and is used in the term '질주(疾走)' (to hurry) |
| Kurdish | The Kurdish word 'nexweşî' is of Proto-Indo-European origin, likely derived from 'nek-' (death) and 'wes-' (to bind) or from 'ne-' (not) and 'wes-' (to be). |
| Kyrgyz | "Оору" (illness) derives from the Turkic root "or", meaning "to hurt" or "to pain." |
| Latin | The word "aegrotatio" also means "absence due to illness" in Latin, and is related to the word "aeger" (sick). |
| Latvian | The cognate "slimnīca" (hospital) is found in Lithuanian "slimnica" and Old Church Slavonic "slъnica" (hospital, sanatorium). |
| Lithuanian | The word "liga" is likely derived from the Proto-Baltic term *leigā, meaning "disease" or "weakness". |
| Luxembourgish | Luxembourgish word Krankheet, meaning "illness," is related to the German "krank," but shares no etymological connection with the English "krank." |
| Macedonian | The Macedonian word "заболување" is related to the verb "заболува", meaning "to fall ill" or "to get sick." |
| Malagasy | The word |
| Malay | The word 'penyakit' is derived from the Sanskrit word 'vyadhi', meaning 'affliction' or 'disease'. |
| Malayalam | "അസുഖം" can also mean "inconvenience" or "discomfort". |
| Maltese | The Maltese word "mard" shares its etymological roots with the Italian "male" and the English "malady", all referring to various forms of affliction. |
| Maori | In Maori, 'mate' can also mean 'friend' or 'spouse'. |
| Marathi | In Persian, the word "azar" means "trouble" or "disturbance", while in Marathi it has come to mean "illness". |
| Mongolian | The word "өвчлөл" can be translated as "illness", "disease", or "sickness" in Mongolian and shares a root with the word "өвчин" which translates to "wound". |
| Nepali | The word 'बिरामी' literally means 'without rest' or 'one who does not sleep', highlighting the restlessness and discomfort associated with illness. |
| Norwegian | The word "sykdom" in Norwegian can also mean "disease" or "condition". |
| Nyanja (Chichewa) | The word 'kudwala' can also be used to mean 'to be unwell' or 'to be sick'. |
| Pashto | The word "ناروغي" in Pashto also refers to diseases, mental disorders, and other ailments. |
| Persian | The word "بیماری" in Persian originates from the word "bim" meaning fear, indicating the fear associated with illness. |
| Polish | The Polish word 'choroba' is derived from Proto-Slavic 'xoroba' and may also refer to a 'weakness' in character. |
| Portuguese (Portugal, Brazil) | "Doença" means "illness" in Portuguese and its origin is disputed |
| Punjabi | The Punjabi word 'ਬਿਮਾਰੀ' may also refer to discomfort or unhappiness in non-physical contexts such as 'love-sickness.' |
| Romanian | "*Boală*" can also mean "plague" or "disease." |
| Russian | "Болезнь" comes from the Old Slavonic word meaning "pain, suffering or grief". It can refer to mental or physical ill health. |
| Samoan | The word "gasegase" in Samoan can also mean "disease" or "sickness". |
| Scots Gaelic | Tinneas shares a root, 'tin', with the word 'teine', meaning fire, with the literal meaning of illness being 'fire' or 'heat'. |
| Serbian | The word 'болест' comes from the Proto-Slavic word 'bolьstь', which also means 'pain', 'suffering', and 'grief'. |
| Sesotho | The term 'bokudi' in Sesotho also refers to an epidemic or outbreak of an illness. |
| Shona | The word 'urwere' is also used to mean 'affliction' in Shona. |
| Sindhi | The word "بيماري" originally meant "bad state" in Sindhi, but it has since taken on the meaning of "illness". |
| Sinhala (Sinhalese) | The word "අසනීපය" (asanipaya) also means "unhappiness" or "discomfort" in Sinhala. |
| Slovak | The word "choroba" in Slovak shares the same Slavic root as the words "horror" and "terror". |
| Slovenian | The Slovenian word 'bolezen' derives from an old Slavic root meaning 'pain'. |
| Somali | In Somali, "jiro" can mean not only "illness" but also "pain" or "suffering". |
| Spanish | The word _enfermedad_ in Spanish comes from the Latin word _infirmitas_, which referred to a lack of strength or capacity; as well as the French term _enfer_, which originally meant _hell_. |
| Sundanese | Panyawat also means a person who is sick or has a disability. |
| Swahili | In Swahili, 'ugonjwa' refers to both a physical illness and a social problem that causes harm. |
| Swedish | "Sjukdom" i svenskan kommer från fornnordiskans "sjúkr" som betyder 'sjuk' och "dómr" som betyder 'dom', |
| Tagalog (Filipino) | The Tagalog word "sakit" has other meanings, such as "pain," "ache," or "soreness." |
| Tajik | The word "касали" ("illness") in Tajik is derived from the Persian word "كَسَل" ("laziness"), indicating the debilitating nature of illness. |
| Telugu | The word "రోగము" (illness) in Telugu is derived from the Sanskrit word "roga" (disorder, disease), and also has the alternate meaning of "fault" or "defect". |
| Thai | In Thai, "การเจ็บป่วย" may also refer to physical pain or discomfort, not necessarily related to a specific disease or medical condition. |
| Turkish | Hastalık derives from the Persian word 'hasta', meaning 'bedridden'. |
| Ukrainian | The word "захворювання" in Ukrainian also means "disease" and "ailment". |
| Urdu | The word 'بیماری' is ultimately derived from the Persian word 'بیمار', meaning 'afflicted' or 'diseased'. |
| Uzbek | The word "kasallik" is also used to refer to "sickness", "disease", or "ailment". |
| Vietnamese | "Ốm" also means "to have a fever" but it is typically used when one's body aches. |
| Welsh | The word "salwch" is related to the verb "sau," which means "to heal," and the noun "sôn," which means "sound." |
| Xhosa | The Xhosa word "isigulo" is commonly translated to "illness" in English. However, it has a much broader meaning and can also refer to a variety of conditions, including misfortune, poverty, and even death. |
| Yiddish | The Yiddish word "קראנקהייט" can also refer to a specific condition or disease. |
| Yoruba | The Yoruba word "àìsàn" is derived from the root "sàn" or "sààn", which means "to be afflicted" or "to suffer." |
| Zulu | The Zulu word "ukugula" can also mean "a state of being unclean or impure" |
| English | The word "illness" comes from the Latin word "inversus," meaning "to turn inward." |