Afrikaans jy | ||
Albanian ti | ||
Amharic አንቺ | ||
Arabic أنت | ||
Armenian դու | ||
Assamese আপুনি | ||
Aymara juma | ||
Azerbaijani sən | ||
Bambara i | ||
Basque zuk | ||
Belarusian вы | ||
Bengali আপনি | ||
Bhojpuri रऊवाॅं | ||
Bosnian ti | ||
Bulgarian ти | ||
Catalan vostè | ||
Cebuano ikaw | ||
Chinese (Simplified) 您 | ||
Chinese (Traditional) 您 | ||
Corsican tù | ||
Croatian vas | ||
Czech vy | ||
Danish du | ||
Dhivehi ތިބާ | ||
Dogri तूं | ||
Dutch u | ||
English you | ||
Esperanto vi | ||
Estonian sina | ||
Ewe wò | ||
Filipino (Tagalog) ikaw | ||
Finnish sinä | ||
French toi | ||
Frisian jo | ||
Galician ti | ||
Georgian შენ | ||
German sie | ||
Greek εσείς | ||
Guarani nde | ||
Gujarati તમે | ||
Haitian Creole ou menm | ||
Hausa kai | ||
Hawaiian ʻo ʻoe | ||
Hebrew אתה | ||
Hindi आप | ||
Hmong koj | ||
Hungarian te | ||
Icelandic þú | ||
Igbo gị | ||
Ilocano sika | ||
Indonesian kamu | ||
Irish tú | ||
Italian tu | ||
Japanese 君は | ||
Javanese sampeyan | ||
Kannada ನೀವು | ||
Kazakh сен | ||
Khmer អ្នក | ||
Kinyarwanda wowe | ||
Konkani तूं | ||
Korean 당신 | ||
Krio yu | ||
Kurdish hûn | ||
Kurdish (Sorani) تۆ | ||
Kyrgyz сен | ||
Lao ເຈົ້າ | ||
Latin vos | ||
Latvian jūs | ||
Lingala yo | ||
Lithuanian tu | ||
Luganda ggwe | ||
Luxembourgish dir | ||
Macedonian ти | ||
Maithili अहां | ||
Malagasy ianareo | ||
Malay awak | ||
Malayalam നിങ്ങൾ | ||
Maltese int | ||
Maori koe | ||
Marathi आपण | ||
Meiteilon (Manipuri) ꯑꯗꯣꯝ | ||
Mizo nangmah | ||
Mongolian та | ||
Myanmar (Burmese) မင်း | ||
Nepali तपाईं | ||
Norwegian du | ||
Nyanja (Chichewa) inu | ||
Odia (Oriya) ତୁମେ | ||
Oromo ati | ||
Pashto تاسو | ||
Persian شما | ||
Polish ty | ||
Portuguese (Portugal, Brazil) vocês | ||
Punjabi ਤੁਸੀਂ | ||
Quechua qam | ||
Romanian tu | ||
Russian ты | ||
Samoan oe | ||
Sanskrit त्वम् | ||
Scots Gaelic thu | ||
Sepedi wena | ||
Serbian ти | ||
Sesotho uena | ||
Shona iwe | ||
Sindhi توهان | ||
Sinhala (Sinhalese) ඔයා | ||
Slovak ty | ||
Slovenian ti | ||
Somali adiga | ||
Spanish tú | ||
Sundanese anjeun | ||
Swahili wewe | ||
Swedish du | ||
Tagalog (Filipino) ikaw | ||
Tajik шумо | ||
Tamil நீங்கள் | ||
Tatar син | ||
Telugu మీరు | ||
Thai คุณ | ||
Tigrinya ንስኻ | ||
Tsonga wena | ||
Turkish sen | ||
Turkmen sen | ||
Twi (Akan) wo | ||
Ukrainian ви | ||
Urdu تم | ||
Uyghur سىز | ||
Uzbek siz | ||
Vietnamese bạn | ||
Welsh ti | ||
Xhosa wena | ||
Yiddish דו | ||
Yoruba ìwọ | ||
Zulu wena |
| Language | Etymology / Notes |
|---|---|
| Afrikaans | "Jy" in Afrikaans can also mean "I" in some informal contexts. |
| Albanian | Ti' is also used as a reflexive pronoun, meaning 'yourself'. |
| Amharic | The word "አንቺ" can refer to either a singular feminine subject or a plural subject of mixed gender. |
| Arabic | In the Quran, “أنت” can also refer to God or angels addressing the Prophet Muhammad or other prophets and believers. |
| Armenian | The word "դու" can also mean "door" in Armenian. |
| Azerbaijani | The Azerbaijani word |
| Basque | Basque 'zuk' derives from Proto-Basque *hik 'this one, he/she', a pronoun also found in Proto-Kartvelian |
| Belarusian | The word "вы" has the same meaning as "ты" but is considered more formal. |
| Bengali | The word "আপনি" in Bengali is derived from the Sanskrit word "आपण" (āpana), meaning "self" or "one's own". |
| Bosnian | The word "ti" can also be used as a possessive adjective meaning "your". |
| Bulgarian | The polite Bulgarian second-person singular pronoun "Вие" (Vie), has a common root with "Вий" (Viy) - a mythical creature and a character from Slavic folklore. |
| Catalan | "Vostè" is the formal way to say "you" in Catalan and comes from the Latin word "vos", which was used to address people of higher social status. |
| Chinese (Simplified) | The character "您" was originally a polite way to address a superior, but is now used as the standard second-person pronoun in Mandarin Chinese. |
| Chinese (Traditional) | "您" means "you" but in more formal settings. |
| Corsican | Corsican "tù" can also mean "father" or "uncle" depending on the context. |
| Croatian | This word is derived from Proto-Slavic *tъ, but it can also refer to a blood vessel or a type of plant. |
| Czech | The Czech word "vy" can also be used to address more than one person formally or when showing respect. |
| Danish | The word "du" in Danish originates from the Old Norse word "þú", meaning "you (singular informal)" or "thou". |
| Dutch | In Dutch, the word "u" can also be used as a formal form of address, similar to the English "you" when capitalized. |
| Esperanto | Vi is also used in Esperanto to mean "we" in the inclusive sense, including the speaker. |
| Estonian | The word "sina" can also refer to someone who is respected or admired. |
| Finnish | Sinä derives from PIE *tü, meaning both "you (sg.)" and "this". |
| French | The French word 'toi' also means 'poison' in Old French and 'thine' in English. |
| Frisian | The Frisian word "jo" for "you" is cognate with the English word "thou," an archaic second-person singular pronoun. |
| Galician | In addition to its primary meaning as "you," "ti" can also mean "to you" or "for you" in Galician. |
| Georgian | The Georgian word "შენ" can also mean "self" or "oneself". |
| German | The singular form of "Sie" in German is also used as a polite form of address, much like "vous" in French. |
| Greek | The word εσείς derives from the Doric Greek plural form of the demonstrative pronoun ἧς, ἧ (hês, hê), which means 'this' or 'this one'. |
| Gujarati | The word "તમે" in Gujarati can also mean "respect" or "esteem". |
| Haitian Creole | "Ou menm" is borrowed from French "vous-même" and can also carry the meaning of "yourself," "in person" or "precisely." |
| Hausa | The word "kai" can also mean "indeed" or "very" in Hausa. |
| Hawaiian | 'Ō 'oe' also refers to the taro plant, or its edible corm. |
| Hebrew | The word 'אתה' ('you') in Hebrew is also the second-person singular masculine form of the verb 'to be' ('היית,' 'אתה,' and 'תהיי') |
| Hindi | The word "आप" (aap) in Hindi is also used as a formal second-person pronoun, similar to "vous" in French. |
| Hmong | The Proto-Hmong-Mien word koɣ for "you" is also used in some dialects to address a second person that is significantly older than the speaker. |
| Hungarian | The Hungarian word "te" is cognate with the Proto-Uralic word *tä (and ultimately with the Proto-Indo-European word *tu), which also appears in Finnish (sinä) and Estonian (sina). |
| Icelandic | Þú derives from the Proto-Germanic word "þū", which originally meant "to swell" but later shifted to "you". |
| Igbo | Igbo word "gị" can also mean "yourself" or "oneself" depending on the context. |
| Indonesian | The word "kamu" can have different meanings depending on the context, including "you" (informal), "thou," or "thee" |
| Irish | The word 'tú' in Irish can also mean 'thou' or 'you' in a formal or respectful context. |
| Italian | In Italian, the word “tu” can signify a singular or plural second person, and can have a formal or informal connotation depending on context. |
| Japanese | The word "君は" can also be used to address a superior or someone who is respected. |
| Javanese | The Javanese word "sampeyan" is also used to address people of high rank or those who are respected. |
| Kannada | The word "ನೀವು" can also be used as a term of affection, similar to the English "darling" or "honey". |
| Kazakh | The Kazakh word "сен" can also refer to a "person" or an "individual". |
| Khmer | The word “អ្នក” can also be a polite prefix when one addresses a person, a speaker, or a writer who is not present, like one's readers or audience. |
| Korean | 당신 is a more formal and polite way to address someone in Korean, and can also mean "lord" or "master" depending on the context. |
| Kurdish | In Kurdish, 'hûn' originates from 'tûn', which also means 'you' or 'your' and is still used in some dialects. |
| Kyrgyz | "Сен" has a different meaning when used at the end of a sentence. For example, "Бардынбы? Сен" means "Is it yours? I think so." |
| Lao | ເຈົ້າ also means 'owner' or 'master' and is often used to address a superior or someone who is respected. |
| Latin | In Latin, "vos" can be used as the second person plural nominative, or as the second person singular or plural accusative. |
| Latvian | The word "jūs" in Latvian also has the additional nuance of politeness or respect, which is not present in the English word "you". |
| Lithuanian | The word "tu" in Lithuanian is derived from the Proto-Indo-European root "*tewe/*twe", meaning "you" or "thee". |
| Luxembourgish | The word "Dir" in Luxembourgish can also refer to a "you" in the general sense, as in "everyone" or "people". |
| Macedonian | The Macedonian word "ти" can also refer to "self" or "oneself" in certain contexts. |
| Malagasy | The word "ianareo" in Malagasy also means "yourself" or "person addressed" |
| Malay | The Malay word "awak" has alternative meanings that can refer to the "body" or "self"} |
| Malayalam | നിങ്ങൾ can also be used as an respectful term to refer to a single person |
| Maltese | Maltese 'int' shares roots with 'anata' in Japanese. |
| Maori | The Māori word "koe" is a familiar singular second person pronoun, meaning "you," but it also can be used as a possessive pronoun meaning "your" or "yours." |
| Marathi | "आपण" can in some contexts also refer to the first person plural, i.e. "we." |
| Mongolian | The term "Та" can also refer to a pronoun meaning "this" or "that". |
| Myanmar (Burmese) | "မင်း" can also mean "king" or "lord" in formal or historical contexts. |
| Nepali | 'तपाईं' is the formal version of 'तिमी', and is typically used when speaking to an elder or superior. |
| Norwegian | The word 'du' can also be used to refer to a loved one or close friend. |
| Pashto | "تاسو" which means "you" in Pashto, comes from the Proto-Indo-Aryan word "*tuH\*m". |
| Persian | The word "شما" can also be used as a respectful term of address, similar to the English "you" or "sir/madam." |
| Polish | The Polish word "ty" can also be an abbreviation of "towarzyszu" ("comrade"). |
| Portuguese (Portugal, Brazil) | "Vocês" is sometimes used in Portugal when speaking to someone of higher social status. |
| Romanian | In Romanian, "tu" derives from Latin "tu" and is also used as an informal second person singular pronoun in French and Italian. |
| Russian | The word |
| Samoan | 'Oe' is used in more formal or respectful situations than the more common 'outou'. |
| Scots Gaelic | Originally the term was used for all persons, but by the 17th century it had come to mean only 'you' when addressing a superior. |
| Serbian | "Ти" is sometimes used as a short form of the term "тишина" (silence) |
| Sesotho | 'Uēna' derives from a verb meaning 'to hear', indicating the subject as the recipient. |
| Shona | The Shona word "iwe" is also used to address close friends or family members, and to express intimacy or respect. |
| Sinhala (Sinhalese) | The word 'ඔයා' ('you') in Sinhala has its origins in the Dravidian language, where it signifies respect and intimacy. |
| Slovak | Slovak "ty" derives from Proto-Slavic "ty", but also means "these" in the dual form. |
| Slovenian | The word |
| Somali | The word |
| Spanish | The word "tú" in Spanish has its origins in the Latin word "tu," which means "you" as a singular and familiar form of address. In Spanish, "tú" is used in informal settings or when addressing someone with whom you have a close relationship. |
| Sundanese | The Sundanese word "anjeun" also means "Your Highness" or "Your Majesty" when used for royalty. |
| Swahili | The word "wewe" may also refer to "yourself" or "the person being addressed" depending on the context. |
| Swedish | In some parts of Sweden, 'du' can also refer to a close friend or a child. In the South of Sweden, 'ni' is used as a formal or polite way of addressing someone. |
| Tagalog (Filipino) | "Ikaw" is derived from Old Tagalog "ika," which refers to a non-kingly noble, or from the Proto-Malayo-Polynesian word *i-ka,* which is a reflexive marker meaning "yourself." |
| Tajik | The Tajik word "шумо" also means "your" and is derived from the Persian word "شما". |
| Tamil | The Tamil word "நீங்கள்" can also be used as a polite form of address, similar to the English "you". |
| Telugu | The word "మీరు" can also refer to someone who is superior or a respected elder. |
| Thai | While "คุณ" is the most used second-person singular pronoun in modern Thai, "ท่าน" is the most common in formal settings, and "เธอ" is common in informal settings and between close family members or friends. |
| Turkish | The word "sen" has multiple origins, with some linguists suggesting it derives from the Proto-Turkic word "sen", meaning "self", while others propose it may have originated from the Persian word "šan", meaning "rank" or "honour." |
| Ukrainian | In Ukrainian, "ви" can be either a plural form of the subject pronoun "ти" or a polite form of address used to show respect to an individual or group. |
| Urdu | The word "تم" in Urdu can also mean "you all" or "yourselves". |
| Uzbek | Siz, the Uzbek word for "you," is derived from the Old Turkic word "siz" meaning "all," and is also used as a polite form of address for elders and superiors. |
| Vietnamese | The word "bạn" in Vietnamese can also mean "friend" or "companion", and is derived from the Chinese word "伴" which has the same meaning. |
| Welsh | "Ti" can be a plural form of the second person pronoun, meaning "you" in Welsh, or it can be a feminine singular form, referring to a woman. |
| Xhosa | The word "wena" in Xhosa can also mean "you" in a more formal or respectful context. |
| Yiddish | The Yiddish word "דו" has an alternate interpretation of "you (fem.)", derived from the Hebrew "את," a word used to address women. |
| Yoruba | The Yoruba word 'ìwọ' also means 'soul' or 'ghost' and is a pronoun that may be used in both the singular and plural form. |
| Zulu | The word "wena" is commonly used in informal settings and can also mean "my friend" or "comrade". |
| English | The singular second person pronoun |