Afrikaans vlag | ||
Albanian flamuri | ||
Amharic ባንዲራ | ||
Arabic علم | ||
Armenian դրոշ | ||
Assamese পতাকা | ||
Aymara wiphala | ||
Azerbaijani bayraq | ||
Bambara darapo | ||
Basque bandera | ||
Belarusian сцяг | ||
Bengali পতাকা | ||
Bhojpuri झंडा | ||
Bosnian zastava | ||
Bulgarian флаг | ||
Catalan bandera | ||
Cebuano bandila | ||
Chinese (Simplified) 旗 | ||
Chinese (Traditional) 旗 | ||
Corsican bandera | ||
Croatian zastava | ||
Czech vlajka | ||
Danish flag | ||
Dhivehi ދިދަ | ||
Dogri झंडा | ||
Dutch vlag | ||
English flag | ||
Esperanto flago | ||
Estonian lipp | ||
Ewe flaga | ||
Filipino (Tagalog) bandila | ||
Finnish lippu | ||
French drapeau | ||
Frisian flagge | ||
Galician bandeira | ||
Georgian დროშა | ||
German flagge | ||
Greek σημαία | ||
Guarani poyvi | ||
Gujarati ધ્વજ | ||
Haitian Creole drapo | ||
Hausa tuta | ||
Hawaiian hae | ||
Hebrew דֶגֶל | ||
Hindi झंडा | ||
Hmong chij | ||
Hungarian zászló | ||
Icelandic fána | ||
Igbo ọkọlọtọ | ||
Ilocano bandera | ||
Indonesian bendera | ||
Irish bratach | ||
Italian bandiera | ||
Japanese 国旗 | ||
Javanese gendera | ||
Kannada ಧ್ವಜ | ||
Kazakh жалау | ||
Khmer ទង់ | ||
Kinyarwanda ibendera | ||
Konkani ध्वज | ||
Korean 깃발 | ||
Krio flag | ||
Kurdish al | ||
Kurdish (Sorani) ئاڵا | ||
Kyrgyz желек | ||
Lao ທຸງ | ||
Latin vexillum | ||
Latvian karogu | ||
Lingala drapo | ||
Lithuanian vėliava | ||
Luganda ebendera | ||
Luxembourgish fändel | ||
Macedonian знаме | ||
Maithili झंडा | ||
Malagasy sainam-pirenena | ||
Malay bendera | ||
Malayalam ഫ്ലാഗ് | ||
Maltese bandiera | ||
Maori haki | ||
Marathi झेंडा | ||
Meiteilon (Manipuri) ꯐꯤꯔꯥꯜ | ||
Mizo puanzar | ||
Mongolian туг | ||
Myanmar (Burmese) အလံ | ||
Nepali झण्डा | ||
Norwegian flagg | ||
Nyanja (Chichewa) mbendera | ||
Odia (Oriya) ପତାକା | ||
Oromo alaabaa | ||
Pashto بيرغ | ||
Persian پرچم | ||
Polish flaga | ||
Portuguese (Portugal, Brazil) bandeira | ||
Punjabi ਝੰਡਾ | ||
Quechua unancha | ||
Romanian steag | ||
Russian флаг | ||
Samoan fuʻa | ||
Sanskrit ध्वजा | ||
Scots Gaelic bratach | ||
Sepedi folaga | ||
Serbian застава | ||
Sesotho folakha | ||
Shona mureza | ||
Sindhi جهنڊو | ||
Sinhala (Sinhalese) ධජ | ||
Slovak vlajka | ||
Slovenian zastavo | ||
Somali calan | ||
Spanish bandera | ||
Sundanese bandéra | ||
Swahili bendera | ||
Swedish flagga | ||
Tagalog (Filipino) bandila | ||
Tajik парчам | ||
Tamil கொடி | ||
Tatar флаг | ||
Telugu జెండా | ||
Thai ธง | ||
Tigrinya ባንዴራ | ||
Tsonga mujeko | ||
Turkish bayrak | ||
Turkmen baýdak | ||
Twi (Akan) frankaa | ||
Ukrainian прапор | ||
Urdu پرچم | ||
Uyghur flag | ||
Uzbek bayroq | ||
Vietnamese cờ | ||
Welsh baner | ||
Xhosa iflegi | ||
Yiddish פאָן | ||
Yoruba asia | ||
Zulu ifulegi |
| Language | Etymology / Notes |
|---|---|
| Afrikaans | The Afrikaans "vlag" comes from the old Dutch "vlagge", which refers to the shape of a banner, while "vlag" in Dutch only refers to the banner's colors. |
| Albanian | In Albanian, "flamuri" is also used in the context of marriage where it represents a dowry, typically referring to an amount of money, property or other valuable assets given by the bride's family to the groom or his family as a contribution to the new household's financial stability and security. |
| Amharic | The word "ባንዲራ" is derived from the Italian word "bandiera" and the French word "banderole". |
| Arabic | علم is a common word that can refer to knowledge, a banner, or an emblem. |
| Armenian | The word "դրոշ" in Armenian is derived from the Persian word "darafsh", meaning "banner" or "standard". |
| Azerbaijani | The word "bayraq" is also used to refer to a banner or a standard, and it originates from the Old Turkic word "bayrak," meaning "flag" or "banner." |
| Basque | The Basque word “bandera” also means “banner” and possibly derives from the Latin “banderia,” meaning a band of soldiers carrying a banner. |
| Belarusian | The word “сцяг” originated from the Old East Slavic word “стягъ”, which had two meanings - “flag” and “military detachment”. |
| Bengali | "পতাকা" (flag) came from the Sanskrit word "patāka" meaning "a piece of cloth attached to a pole or staff and used as a standard or a signal." |
| Bosnian | Zastava has two origins: the Proto-Slavic word *zastava ('protection, defense') and the Proto-Slavic word *stava ('setting up, standing up') |
| Bulgarian | Bulgarian word "флаг" comes from German word "Flagge". Also it means a small piece of paper, a label. |
| Catalan | In Spanish, the word "bandera" can also mean "group of people united by a common goal" or "banner used in a procession or demonstration". |
| Cebuano | The origin of the word 'bandila' traces back to the Spanish word 'banderilla', meaning 'small flag' or 'streamer'. |
| Chinese (Simplified) | In ancient China, '旗' also meant 'army' or 'military camp'. |
| Chinese (Traditional) | "旗" can also refer to a battalion or banner with a specific color or design, or a unit of administrative division (specifically in Mongolian-related areas). |
| Corsican | In Corsican, "bandera" can also mean "banner" or "flag used as a symbol of a political party or movement". |
| Croatian | The word "zastava" comes from the Old Slavic word "stava" meaning "flagpole". It is also used to refer to a banner or sign. |
| Czech | "Vlajka" also means "banner" or "streamer" and probably comes from the Middle High German "wimpel", meaning a "pennant" or "small banner". |
| Danish | The Danish word "flag" can also refer to a piece of fabric or a rag. |
| Dutch | The word "vlag" is also used to refer to a patch of fabric used to cover something, such as a wound or a hole. |
| Esperanto | Esperanto 'flago' is based on French 'drapeau', and also means ‘blow’ in Latin. |
| Estonian | The word "lipp" likely originates from the ancient word for "fabric" but can also mean "cloth", "tablecloth" or "sail" depending on the context. |
| Finnish | The word "lippu" can refer to a number of different types of flags, banners, or ensigns. |
| French | The French word "drapeau" derives from the Old French word "drapel," meaning "piece of cloth." |
| Frisian | In Frisian, "flagge" also refers to a type of bird called a reed bunting. |
| Galician | In Galician, "Bandeira" can also refer to a band of musicians or a group of people united by a common purpose. |
| Georgian | დროშა can also mean a small, portable bridge for crossing streams or rivers |
| German | The word "Flagge" derives from the Middle Dutch word "vlagge", meaning "flat piece of cloth". |
| Greek | The term "σημαία" (flag) derives from the ancient Greek word "σημαί" (signal), as flags were initially used for signaling in the battlefield. |
| Gujarati | "ધ્વજ" is also used to denote a 'standard' or a 'banner', and is derived from the Sanskrit word 'dhvaja', meaning 'that which floats or waves in the air' |
| Haitian Creole | The word 'drapo' is of French origin and also means 'cloth'. |
| Hausa | The word 'tuta' can also refer to the shade or shadow made by an object. |
| Hawaiian | The Hawaiian word "hae" is traditionally used to refer to bundles of kapa (barkcloth) but also means "celebration" or "thanksgiving". |
| Hebrew | The Hebrew word "דֶגֶל" (flag) also means "sign" or "banner". |
| Hindi | The word |
| Hmong | "Chij" is also used to refer to the clan, or the symbol of the clan. |
| Hungarian | The Hungarian word "zászló" originally meant "sign, banner", and is related to the words "szó" (word) and "szól" (to speak). |
| Icelandic | Fána is derived from the Old Norse word 'fana', meaning a cloth or banner that was often carried into battle indicating ownership or allegiance, and is related to the words 'fan' and 'ensign'. |
| Indonesian | "Bendera" comes from the Dutch word "banier" meaning "banner". In Javanese, it can also refer to a "cloth for covering" or a "piece of cloth used as a partition". |
| Irish | The word "bratach" also means "cloth" or "cloak" in Irish. |
| Italian | "Bandiera" in Italian can also mean 'gang', 'side', or 'lineup' in the context of sports matches. |
| Japanese | '国旗' is a compound noun comprising '国' ('country or nation') and '旗' ('banner or flag'). This is not the original word in Japanese for 'flag', which used to be '旗(hata)'. |
| Javanese | The word "gendera" in Javanese also refers to a type of xylophone made of metal and played with two mallets. |
| Kannada | The word "ಧ್ವಜ" can also mean "banner", "standard", or "crest". |
| Kazakh | In Kazakh, the word "жалау" (flag) has roots in the Proto-Turkic language and is related to the word "жалан" (banner, standard). It also has a secondary meaning of "spread out" or "unfold". |
| Khmer | The term "ទង់" (pronounced "tong") originates from the Sanskrit word "dhwaja" and carries symbolic meanings beyond its primary association with flags, representing national identity, honor, and aspirations. |
| Korean | The word '깃발' (flag) in Korean can also refer to a signal or banner. |
| Kurdish | "Al" in Kurdish also refers to a "group of people" or a "crowd". |
| Kyrgyz | The word "желек" in Kyrgyz can also refer to a banner, pennant, or ensign. |
| Lao | The word "ທຸງ" is also used to refer to a banner or a pennant. |
| Latin | The word "vexillum" is also used to refer to a square of cloth with religious or military symbols, often carried in battle as a standard. |
| Latvian | The word "karogs" in Latvian comes from the Germanic word "karog" meaning "army". |
| Lithuanian | In Old Prussian, "welan" means "to wave". This might explain the origin of the word "vėliava" in Lithuanian. |
| Luxembourgish | The word "Fändel" in Luxembourgish is derived from the Middle German word "Vendel," meaning "small flag," and is also used to refer to a gathering of young people who march in parades carrying flags. |
| Macedonian | Macedonian word for "flag", знаме, derives from Turkish word "sancak", meaning "banner" or "standard", but also refers to an "administrative unit" within a province. |
| Malagasy | The Malagasy word for |
| Malay | The word “bendera” comes from the Portuguese word “bandeira” meaning “banner, standard”. |
| Malayalam | The word "ഫ്ലാഗ്" (flag) in Malayalam can also refer to a type of bamboo flute used in traditional folk music. |
| Maltese | In Maltese, "bandiera" can also mean "banner". |
| Maori | The word 'haki' also refers to the breath or life force in Māori culture. |
| Marathi | The word 'झेंडा' shares its root with the Sanskrit word 'जिन्तु', meaning 'to conquer' or 'to win', suggesting a connection between victory and the waving of a flag. |
| Mongolian | The Mongolian word "туг" (flag) also means "banner" and "sign". |
| Myanmar (Burmese) | The word အလံ (flag) is thought to have originated either from the Mon language or the Pali language. |
| Nepali | The Sanskrit origin of झण्डा is 'ketana', referring to a pole with a cloth used in battles and processions. |
| Norwegian | The Norwegian word "flagg" can also refer to a large stone or rock. |
| Nyanja (Chichewa) | The word 'mbendera' can also mean 'chief' or 'king' in Nyanja. |
| Pashto | The Pashto word "بيرغ" (flag) originates from the Persian word "پرچم" with the same meaning, which in turn comes from the Proto-Indo-European root "*perg-" meaning "to raise or elevate." |
| Persian | The word "پرچم" is derived from the Persian noun "پَر" (par), meaning "feather", and the verb "چیدن" (chidan), meaning "to pick". This suggests that flags were originally made of feathers. |
| Polish | Polish "flaga" is a German loanword and derives from the Low German word "vlagge". |
| Portuguese (Portugal, Brazil) | The word "bandeira" originated from the Medieval Latin word "banderia", meaning "a military banner" |
| Punjabi | The word "ਝੰਡਾ" also means "a long piece of cloth used as a banner or symbol, especially one waved or carried on a staff or pole". |
| Romanian | The Romanian word steag ultimately derives from the Latin word *vexillum*, meaning "standard" or "flag". |
| Russian | "Флаг" from Old Church Slavonic флага "piece of cloth", probably from Proto-Slavic *tlaga, from Proto-Indo-European *telg- "to spread, cover, roof". |
| Samoan | The word "fuʻa" can also mean "army" or "troops" in Samoan. |
| Scots Gaelic | The word 'bratach' also means 'rag' and can refer to a piece of cloth used for cleaning or covering something. |
| Serbian | The word „застава“ also derives from the verb „заставити“ („za-sta-viti“), “to stay behind”, as a flag marks where the front or rear of a military camp lies. |
| Sesotho | The word "folakha" derives from the Bantu root "-taka-, -tāka-, which means to spread out or to cover. |
| Shona | The word "mureza" can also mean "custom" in Shona. |
| Sindhi | The Sindhi word "جهنڊو" can also be used to refer to a kite flown by children |
| Sinhala (Sinhalese) | The Sinhala word 'ධජ' ('flag') originates from the Sanskrit word 'ध्वज' ('flag'), which itself is derived from the Proto-Indo-Iranian root *dʰwéǵʰ- ('to wave'). |
| Slovak | The word "vlajka" likely derives from the German dialect word "vlagg" meaning "cloth" or "rag". |
| Slovenian | The word "zastavo" in Slovenian can also mean "obstacle" or "burden". |
| Somali | In Somali, "calan" can also mean "a gathering of people" or "a place where people gather," reflecting the flag's symbolism as a unifier and a symbol of national identity. |
| Spanish | Bandera's etymology suggests an origin in a Teutonic banner, but it also means 'side' or 'party'. |
| Sundanese | The word "bandéra" was originally derived from "bandha" which means "sign" or "mark." |
| Swahili | "Bendera" (flag) is derived from the Portuguese "bandeira" (banner) and also means "a mark of respect". |
| Swedish | The word "flagga" may come from Middle Low German "vlagge" or Dutch "vlag", meaning banner or cloth. |
| Tagalog (Filipino) | 'Bandala' is also used to describe an object that is tied or wrapped around something, like a bandage. |
| Tajik | The word "парчам" can also refer to a type of rich fabric or a group of people united by a common cause. |
| Tamil | In Tamil, "கொடி" also refers to a creeper plant like a vine or liana. |
| Telugu | The word "జెండా" can also refer to a person who is proud of his/her work. |
| Thai | The word "ธง" also means "sign", "symbol", or "banner" in Thai culture. |
| Turkish | The word "bayrak" is derived from the Persian word "bayraq" meaning "banner" or "standard", and has also been used in Turkish to refer to a "nobleman's estate" or "fiefdom". |
| Ukrainian | “Прапор” (“flag”) initially meant “standard” in Ukrainian, and only later came to refer to any type of flag. |
| Urdu | The word "flag" can also refer to a piece of embroidery, or it can be used as a verb meaning "to adorn with a flag." |
| Uzbek | The word "bayroq" derives from the Persian "bayraq" and is cognate with the Arabic "bandīra" and Turkish "bayrak," all of which mean "flag," but also refer to "banners," "standards," or "ensigns." |
| Vietnamese | The word "cờ" in Vietnamese is derived from the Chinese word "旗" (pronounced "qí"), which also means "flag" or "banner" |
| Welsh | The word 'baner' in Welsh also has a metaphorical meaning, signifying 'a leader' or 'one who goes in front'. |
| Xhosa | The Xhosa word "iflegi" can also mean "banner" or "emblem". |
| Yiddish | The Yiddish word פאָן (flag) is derived from German Fahne, which is ultimately of Latin origin (pannus). |
| Yoruba | In Yoruba, the word "àṣíà" not only means "flag", but also refers to a traditional dance performed by women during festivals. |
| Zulu | The Zulu word "ifulegi" can also refer to a military banner or a symbol of a cause. |
| English | The word "flag" derives from the Old English word "fleogan", meaning "to flutter" or "to wave". |