Afrikaans skrywer | ||
Albanian shkrimtar | ||
Amharic ጸሐፊ | ||
Arabic كاتب | ||
Armenian գրող | ||
Assamese লেখক | ||
Aymara qillqiri | ||
Azerbaijani yazıçı | ||
Bambara sɛbɛnnikɛla | ||
Basque idazlea | ||
Belarusian пісьменнік | ||
Bengali লেখক | ||
Bhojpuri लेखक के लिखल बा | ||
Bosnian pisac | ||
Bulgarian писател | ||
Catalan escriptor | ||
Cebuano magsusulat | ||
Chinese (Simplified) 作家 | ||
Chinese (Traditional) 作家 | ||
Corsican scrittore | ||
Croatian pisac | ||
Czech spisovatel | ||
Danish forfatter | ||
Dhivehi ލިޔުންތެރިޔާއެވެ | ||
Dogri लेखक जी | ||
Dutch auteur | ||
English writer | ||
Esperanto verkisto | ||
Estonian kirjanik | ||
Ewe agbalẽŋlɔla | ||
Filipino (Tagalog) manunulat | ||
Finnish kirjailija | ||
French écrivain | ||
Frisian skriuwer | ||
Galician escritor | ||
Georgian მწერალი | ||
German schriftsteller | ||
Greek συγγραφέας | ||
Guarani haihára | ||
Gujarati લેખક | ||
Haitian Creole ekriven | ||
Hausa marubuci | ||
Hawaiian mea kākau | ||
Hebrew סוֹפֵר | ||
Hindi लेखक | ||
Hmong txawj sau ntawv | ||
Hungarian író | ||
Icelandic rithöfundur | ||
Igbo onye edemede | ||
Ilocano mannurat | ||
Indonesian penulis | ||
Irish scríbhneoir | ||
Italian scrittore | ||
Japanese 作家 | ||
Javanese panulis | ||
Kannada ಬರಹಗಾರ | ||
Kazakh жазушы | ||
Khmer អ្នកនិពន្ធ | ||
Kinyarwanda umwanditsi | ||
Konkani लेखक | ||
Korean 작가 | ||
Krio rayta | ||
Kurdish nivîskar | ||
Kurdish (Sorani) نووسەر | ||
Kyrgyz жазуучу | ||
Lao ນັກຂຽນ | ||
Latin auctor | ||
Latvian rakstnieks | ||
Lingala mokomi | ||
Lithuanian rašytojas | ||
Luganda omuwandiisi | ||
Luxembourgish schrëftsteller | ||
Macedonian писател | ||
Maithili लेखक | ||
Malagasy any | ||
Malay penulis | ||
Malayalam എഴുത്തുകാരൻ | ||
Maltese kittieb | ||
Maori kaituhi | ||
Marathi लेखक | ||
Meiteilon (Manipuri) ꯑꯏꯕꯥ ꯑꯃꯥ ꯑꯣꯏꯅꯥ꯫ | ||
Mizo ziaktu a ni | ||
Mongolian зохиолч | ||
Myanmar (Burmese) စာရေးဆရာ | ||
Nepali लेखक | ||
Norwegian forfatter | ||
Nyanja (Chichewa) wolemba | ||
Odia (Oriya) ଲେଖକ | ||
Oromo barreessaa | ||
Pashto لیکونکی | ||
Persian نویسنده | ||
Polish pisarz | ||
Portuguese (Portugal, Brazil) escritor | ||
Punjabi ਲੇਖਕ | ||
Quechua qillqaq | ||
Romanian scriitor | ||
Russian писатель | ||
Samoan tusitala | ||
Sanskrit लेखकः | ||
Scots Gaelic sgrìobhadair | ||
Sepedi mongwadi | ||
Serbian писац | ||
Sesotho mongoli | ||
Shona munyori | ||
Sindhi ليکڪ | ||
Sinhala (Sinhalese) ලේඛකයා | ||
Slovak spisovateľka | ||
Slovenian pisatelj | ||
Somali qoraa | ||
Spanish escritor | ||
Sundanese panulis | ||
Swahili mwandishi | ||
Swedish författare | ||
Tagalog (Filipino) manunulat | ||
Tajik нависанда | ||
Tamil எழுத்தாளர் | ||
Tatar язучы | ||
Telugu రచయిత | ||
Thai นักเขียน | ||
Tigrinya ጸሓፊ | ||
Tsonga mutsari | ||
Turkish yazar | ||
Turkmen ýazyjy | ||
Twi (Akan) ɔkyerɛwfo | ||
Ukrainian письменник | ||
Urdu مصنف | ||
Uyghur يازغۇچى | ||
Uzbek yozuvchi | ||
Vietnamese nhà văn | ||
Welsh ysgrifennwr | ||
Xhosa umbhali | ||
Yiddish שרייבער | ||
Yoruba onkqwe | ||
Zulu umbhali |
| Language | Etymology / Notes |
|---|---|
| Afrikaans | The Afrikaans word "skrywer" is derived from the Dutch word "schrijver", which originally meant "scribe" or "clerk". |
| Albanian | The word "shkrimtar" is derived from the Proto-Albanian root "*skreib-n-tar". This root has cognates in other Indo-European languages, such as the Latin "scribere" and the Greek "γράφειν" (graphein), both meaning "to write." |
| Amharic | The word ጸሐፊ (Sahāfi) is derived from the Ge'ez word ጽሐፍ (sahaf), meaning "book". It can also refer to a scribe or a secretary. |
| Arabic | In the context of the Quran, the term 'كاتب' (writer) can also refer specifically to the scribes who were responsible for recording the revelations received by Prophet Muhammad |
| Armenian | The word "գրող" (writer) derives from the Armenian verb "գրել" (to write) and is cognate with the English word "scribe" (a skilled writer in ancient times). |
| Azerbaijani | The Azerbaijani word "yazıçı" derives from the Persian term "navisandeh," meaning "writer" or "composer." |
| Basque | The word "idazlea" in Basque has its root in the verb "idatzi" which means "to write". |
| Belarusian | The Belarusian word "пісьменнік" (writer) is derived from the Proto-Slavic root "*pisati" (to write), which is also the source of the words "пісьмо" (letter) and "пісаць" (to write). |
| Bosnian | "Writer" in Bosnian—"pisac"—is also the word for "squeaker," as in a "squeaky toy". |
| Bulgarian | The word 'писател' derives from the Old Church Slavonic word 'писати', meaning 'to write' and also has the meaning of 'author' |
| Catalan | The word "escriptor", meaning "writer" in Catalan is borrowed from the latin word "scriptus" and it also refers to "drawer" and "drawer of a musical instrument". |
| Chinese (Simplified) | The Chinese word 作家 (zuòjiā) is derived from the verb 作 (zuò), meaning "to create," and 家 (jiā), meaning "master," denoting a person who is skilled in the art of writing. |
| Chinese (Traditional) | 作家 is also used to refer to the writer of a text regardless of genre. |
| Corsican | The Corsican word 'scrittore' can also refer to a 'scribe' or 'secretary'. |
| Croatian | The word 'pisac' also refers to a writer's tool, such as a pen or pencil, or the act of writing itself. |
| Czech | The word "spisovatel" originally referred to a professional scribe or copyist. |
| Danish | The word "forfatter" derives from the Old Norse word "forfatta," meaning "to compose" or "to arrange." |
| Dutch | In Dutch, "auteur" also means "driver", derived from the French "auteur" (driver), ultimately from the Latin "auctor" (author). |
| Esperanto | The word "verkisto" in Esperanto is derived from the root "verk" ("work") and the suffix "-ist" ("-ist", indicating a person who does something) and is similar in formation to the English word "novelist" |
| Estonian | The word "kirjanik" is derived from the verb "kirjutama" ("to write") and originally meant "one who writes", including scribes and scholars. |
| Finnish | The word "kirjailija" is derived from the word "kirja", meaning "book". |
| French | The French word écrivain derives from the root escrevir, meaning to write, and also encompasses the broader notion of an author or creator. |
| Frisian | In the past, the word skriuwer specifically meant a notary, whereas now it refers to all types of authors. |
| Galician | The word “escritor” is a derivative of the Latin word “scriptor,” meaning “one who writes.” |
| German | The German word "Schriftsteller" can also refer to a "scribe" or a "clerk". |
| Greek | The term |
| Gujarati | The word "લેખક" in Gujarati also refers to an author, poet, or composer. |
| Haitian Creole | The word "ekriven" in Haitian Creole is derived from the French word "écrivain", meaning "writer" or "scribe" |
| Hausa | The word "marubuci" in Hausa derives from the Arabic word "marubuti", meaning "learned person" or "scholar". |
| Hawaiian | The Hawaiian word "mea kākau" can also refer to a publishing house or a scribe |
| Hebrew | The Hebrew word "סופר" ( "sofer") can also refer to a Jewish scribe or a Torah scholar. |
| Hindi | "लेखक" can also be used to mean 'composer' in the context of literary or musical works. |
| Hmong | Txawj sau ntawv (literally: "know how to write and read") is derived from the Chinese word "shujiu" (書手). |
| Hungarian | Író also means pen in Hungarian. |
| Icelandic | The Icelandic word "rithöfundur" for "writer" also refers to a person who composes or writes music or poetry. |
| Igbo | Igbo word "onye edemede" (writer) is loosely translated to English as "one who knows how to speak". |
| Indonesian | The Indonesian word |
| Irish | The word "scríbhneoir" in Irish comes from the Proto-Indo-European root *skreibh-, meaning "to mark" or "to write." |
| Italian | The word "scrittore" in Italian derived from the Latin "scriptor", meaning "scribe" or "one who writes". |
| Japanese | The term '作家' (sakka) originally meant 'craftsman' or 'author of a Chinese-style work', and only later came to mean 'writer' in the modern sense. |
| Javanese | The Javanese word "panulis" can also refer to a traditional scribe who writes on lontar leaves or other natural materials. |
| Kazakh | The word "жазушы" derives from the verb "жазу" (to write), which itself originates from the Proto-Turkic root "yaz-," meaning "to scratch on or write on." |
| Khmer | The word អ្នកនិពន្ធ may also refer to an author or composer, and is derived from the Sanskrit word 'nibandha' meaning 'to bind' or 'to put together'. |
| Korean | The term "작가" can also refer to a "craftsman" or "artist" who creates works beyond literary writing, such as paintings, sculptures, or other forms of art. |
| Kurdish | The term 'nivîskar' may also refer to a type of traditional Kurdish folk song. |
| Latin | Originally meaning 'author', 'guarantor', and 'creator', 'auctor' later acquired the meaning of 'authority'. |
| Latvian | The Latvian word “rakstnieks” (“writer”) literally translates to “sign-maker” and is etymologically related to “scratch” and “carve.” |
| Lithuanian | „Rašytojas“ is an agent noun derived from „rašyti“ ('to write'), and is cognate with „rastis“ ('to arise, be born'). |
| Macedonian | Писател (pisatel) also means "author" in Macedonian. |
| Malagasy | The word "ANY" in Malagasy also means "a little bit" or "slightly". |
| Malay | The Malay word "penulis" is thought to be derived from the Sanskrit word "pustaka", meaning "book". |
| Maltese | From the Maltese word 'ktb', meaning 'to write'. Also refers to 'a small piece of writing, such as a letter' or 'a document, such as a contract'. |
| Maori | In Maori, the word "kaituhi" has historically referred to both writers and scribes. |
| Marathi | लेखक originates from the Sanskrit word लेख and loosely translates to 'one who scribbles' or 'author'. |
| Mongolian | The word 'зохиолч' can also refer to a composer or author. |
| Nepali | "लेख्य" (lekhya) which means "written" is the root word. |
| Norwegian | The word 'forfatter' is derived from the Old Norse word 'forfatta,' meaning 'to compose' or 'to invent.' |
| Nyanja (Chichewa) | The term 'wolemba' in Nyanja (Chichewa) derives from the verb 'kulemba', meaning either 'to draw' or the 'to carve', suggesting the role writers have had as both artistic and linguistic crafters. |
| Pashto | The Pashto word "لیکونکی" also refers to a "scribe" or "calligrapher". |
| Persian | The Persian word "نویسنده" (nevisandeh) is derived from the Pahlavi word "nwysndk," meaning "scribe, writer." |
| Polish | The word "pisarz" in Polish is derived from the Old Slavic word "pisati", meaning "to write". It can also refer to a scribe, a secretary, or a clerk. |
| Portuguese (Portugal, Brazil) | In Portuguese, "escritor" can also refer to a scribe, a copyist, or an author. |
| Punjabi | This word originally meant 'one who writes', it is derived from the Sanskrit word 'lipi', meaning 'to write'. |
| Romanian | In Latin, 'scriitor' originally meant 'copyist' or 'secretary'. |
| Russian | The word 'писатель' also means 'clerk' or 'scribe' in Russian. |
| Samoan | Tusitala, originating from the Samoan phrase 'tusitula', signifies both 'writer' and 'storyteller'. |
| Scots Gaelic | The word "sgrìobhadair" literally means "scratcher" in Scots Gaelic, a reference to the way writing was originally done on wax tablets. |
| Serbian | The word "писац" in Serbian can also refer to a "scribe" or "calligrapher" |
| Shona | The word |
| Sinhala (Sinhalese) | The term 'ලේඛකයා' (writer) may also refer to an author or secretary. |
| Slovak | The Slovak word "spisovateľka" is derived from the verb "spísať", meaning "to write down" or "to record". |
| Slovenian | The Slovenian word "pisatelj" also has the archaic meaning of "secretary" and is related to the Bulgarian word for "letter." |
| Somali | The term "qoraa" also means "to read" in Somali, reflecting the interconnectedness of reading and writing in the language's literary tradition. |
| Spanish | The word "escritor" evolved from the Latin "scriptor" meaning "scribe". |
| Sundanese | The Sundanese word "panulis" also means "a person who has knowledge about something." |
| Swahili | "Mwandishi" also denotes knowledge, learning, and wisdom; hence, a wise or learned person. |
| Swedish | In Swedish, "författare" has a broader meaning than "writer" and can also refer to an "author" or a "composer". |
| Tagalog (Filipino) | The Tagalog word "manunulat" also means "scribe" or "calligrapher" and came from "sulat" which means "writing" and "letter". |
| Tajik | The term “нависанда” also refers to scribes who reproduced manuscripts in the pre-printing era. |
| Telugu | The word "రచయిత" (writer) is derived from the Sanskrit word "रचयति" (to compose), which also has the meaning of "to arrange" or "to construct". |
| Thai | The word "นักเขียน" originally meant "to carve a character or inscription on a surface". |
| Turkish | The word "yazar" in Turkish originates from the Arabic word "yazara", meaning "to write". |
| Ukrainian | The word "письменник" in Ukrainian can also refer to "scribe" or "author". |
| Urdu | The Arabic root of the word means "to arrange" or "to gather" and it can also mean "author" or "compiler" as well as "book" or "document". |
| Uzbek | Yozuvchi, meaning “writer” in Uzbek, ultimately derives from the Persian word “navishtan”, meaning “to write”. |
| Vietnamese | The word "nhà văn" also means "house of characters" and "house of culture" in Vietnamese. |
| Welsh | The Welsh word 'ysgrifennwr' can also mean 'secretary' or 'scribe'. |
| Xhosa | The word "umbhali" can also refer to a person who speaks for or represents a group or organization. |
| Yiddish | In Yiddish, "שרייבער" (shrayber) can also mean "scribe" or "secretary" |
| Yoruba | In the Yoruba language, the word “onkqwe” can also mean “one who records” or “one who documents”. |
| Zulu | The word 'umbhali' can also refer to a composer or storyteller in Zulu culture. |
| English | The term 'writer' is derived from the Middle English word 'writen', meaning 'to inscribe' or 'to compose'. Historically, it referred to a person employed to copy manuscripts or inscriptions. |