Afrikaans terwyl | ||
Albanian ndërsa | ||
Amharic ግን | ||
Arabic بينما | ||
Armenian մինչդեռ | ||
Assamese য’ত নেকি | ||
Aymara ukhakama | ||
Azerbaijani halbuki | ||
Bambara ka sɔrɔ | ||
Basque aldiz | ||
Belarusian тады як | ||
Bengali যদিও | ||
Bhojpuri जबकि | ||
Bosnian dok | ||
Bulgarian като има предвид, че | ||
Catalan mentre que | ||
Cebuano samtang | ||
Chinese (Simplified) 而 | ||
Chinese (Traditional) 而 | ||
Corsican mentre chì | ||
Croatian dok | ||
Czech zatímco | ||
Danish der henviser til | ||
Dhivehi އެހެން އެކަން އޮތްއިރު | ||
Dogri जिसलै कि | ||
Dutch terwijl | ||
English whereas | ||
Esperanto dum | ||
Estonian arvestades | ||
Ewe evᴐ la | ||
Filipino (Tagalog) samantalang | ||
Finnish ottaa huomioon, että | ||
French tandis que | ||
Frisian wylst | ||
Galician mentres que | ||
Georgian ხოლო | ||
German wohingegen | ||
Greek ενώ | ||
Guarani upe jave | ||
Gujarati જ્યારે | ||
Haitian Creole tandiske | ||
Hausa alhali kuwa | ||
Hawaiian ʻoiai | ||
Hebrew ואילו | ||
Hindi जहाँ तक | ||
Hmong whereas | ||
Hungarian mivel | ||
Icelandic en | ||
Igbo ebe | ||
Ilocano kasupadi | ||
Indonesian sedangkan | ||
Irish de bhrí | ||
Italian mentre | ||
Japanese 一方、 | ||
Javanese dene | ||
Kannada ಆದರೆ | ||
Kazakh ал | ||
Khmer ចំណែកឯ | ||
Kinyarwanda mu gihe | ||
Konkani जाल्यार | ||
Korean 이므로 | ||
Krio semweso | ||
Kurdish lêbelê | ||
Kurdish (Sorani) کە | ||
Kyrgyz ал эми | ||
Lao ໃນຂະນະທີ່ | ||
Latin cum | ||
Latvian tā kā | ||
Lingala na ntango wana | ||
Lithuanian kadangi | ||
Luganda nga atte | ||
Luxembourgish wärend | ||
Macedonian со оглед на тоа што | ||
Maithili जखन कि | ||
Malagasy kosa | ||
Malay sedangkan | ||
Malayalam അതേസമയം | ||
Maltese billi | ||
Maori ahakoa | ||
Marathi तर | ||
Meiteilon (Manipuri) ꯑꯗꯨꯝ ꯑꯣꯏꯅꯃꯛ | ||
Mizo chupawh ni se | ||
Mongolian харин | ||
Myanmar (Burmese) သော်လည်း | ||
Nepali जबकि | ||
Norwegian mens | ||
Nyanja (Chichewa) pomwe | ||
Odia (Oriya) ଯେତେବେଳେ କି | ||
Oromo ammoo | ||
Pashto په داسې حال کې | ||
Persian در حالیکه | ||
Polish natomiast | ||
Portuguese (Portugal, Brazil) enquanto que | ||
Punjabi ਜਦ ਕਿ | ||
Quechua chaykama | ||
Romanian întrucât | ||
Russian в то время как | ||
Samoan ae | ||
Sanskrit यदर्थे | ||
Scots Gaelic ach | ||
Sepedi mola e le gore | ||
Serbian док | ||
Sesotho athe | ||
Shona nepo | ||
Sindhi جڏهن ته | ||
Sinhala (Sinhalese) ෙකෙසේෙවතත් | ||
Slovak keďže | ||
Slovenian ker | ||
Somali halka | ||
Spanish mientras | ||
Sundanese padahal | ||
Swahili ambapo | ||
Swedish medan | ||
Tagalog (Filipino) samantalang | ||
Tajik дар ҳоле ки | ||
Tamil அதேசமயம் | ||
Tatar ә | ||
Telugu అయితే | ||
Thai ในขณะที่ | ||
Tigrinya ክኸውን ከሎ | ||
Tsonga kasi | ||
Turkish buna karşılık | ||
Turkmen bolsa | ||
Twi (Akan) berɛ a | ||
Ukrainian тоді як | ||
Urdu جبکہ | ||
Uyghur ھالبۇكى | ||
Uzbek holbuki | ||
Vietnamese trong khi | ||
Welsh tra | ||
Xhosa kanti | ||
Yiddish כוועראַז | ||
Yoruba ko da | ||
Zulu kanti |
| Language | Etymology / Notes |
|---|---|
| Afrikaans | The word "terwyl" in Afrikaans is derived from the Dutch word "terwijl" and also means "during" or "while". |
| Albanian | "Ndërsa" is derived from "ndër" (among) and "sa" (as), implying "among the things that, among the situations that." |
| Amharic | "ግን" also means "but" or "however". |
| Arabic | The word "بينما" can also mean "and while" or "in the meantime" in Arabic. |
| Armenian | The Armenian word 'մինչդեռ' can also refer to a concession as opposed to a contrast, such when translating the English 'even if'. |
| Azerbaijani | In Ottoman Turkish "halbuki" (whereas) meant "indeed". After the Latin Script Revolution of 1928, it started to be used in the sense of "whereas". |
| Basque | In Basque, "aldiz" primarily functions as a conjunction expressing "whereas" or "in contrast," but it also signifies "time," "occasion," or "cycle." |
| Belarusian | The etymology of the Belarusian word "тады як" is not entirely clear, but it is thought to be derived from the Old Belarusian words "тады" (then) and "як" (as). The word can also be used to mean "although" or "while". |
| Bengali | যদিও is derived from the Sanskrit word 'yadi va', meaning 'if or'. |
| Bosnian | In Bosnian, “dok” derives from an Old Slavic term which means “time”. |
| Bulgarian | The Bulgarian word "като има предвид, че" also means "taking into account that." |
| Catalan | In Catalan, 'mentre que' can also mean 'while', similar to its use in Spanish and French. |
| Chinese (Simplified) | 而 originally represented the idea of “a person holding up a spear” and served as the phonetic element of words related to “spear.” |
| Chinese (Traditional) | 而 (ér) can also mean 'and' or 'but' in some contexts |
| Corsican | The Corsican word "mentre chì" derives from the Latin word "interim" meaning "in the meantime" but has taken on the additional meaning of "whereas" in legal and administrative contexts. |
| Croatian | The word "dok" can also refer to a dock or pier in Croatian, a similar concept to its English cognate. |
| Czech | In addition to its use as a conjunction, "zatímco" can also mean "meanwhile" or "in the meantime". |
| Danish | The Danish conjunctive phrase "der henviser til" literally translates to "which refers to" in English. |
| Dutch | Dutch word "terwijl" can also mean "during" or "at the same time" |
| Esperanto | In Latin, "dum" also means "until," "so long as," or "while" |
| Estonian | The Estonian word "arvestades" comes from the verb "arvestama", meaning "to take into account" or "to consider". |
| Finnish | The Finnish phrase "ottaa huomioon, että" has a related English phrase "taking into account". |
| French | The French word "tandis que" can also be used in the sense of "meanwhile" or "at the same time". |
| Frisian | The Old Frisian word 'wylst' meant 'period of time' or 'period of activity', and the same word is still used in Standard Frisian in this original sense. |
| Galician | The word "mentres que" can also be used to express contrast or opposition. |
| Georgian | The word "Ⴞოლო" (kh'olo) also means "but" in Georgian. |
| German | The word 'wohingegen' is a combination of 'wohin' ('whither') and 'dagegen' ('against', 'on the other hand'), expressing contrast or opposition. |
| Greek | "Ενώ" can also mean "although" or "while". |
| Gujarati | The word ''જ્યારે'' has multiple meanings, including a conditional conjunction meaning ''if'' and a noun meaning ''opportunity''. |
| Haitian Creole | In Haitian Creole, "tandiske" derives from the French phrase "tandis que" and carries the additional meaning "while" or "in the meantime." |
| Hausa | The word "alhali kuwa" is derived from the Arabic word "al-hal" meaning "the condition". |
| Hawaiian | The term ʻoiai derives from an earlier form ʻoi, possibly originally denoting a conditional particle or the concept of "if". |
| Hebrew | "ואילו" derives from "ואם לו" and can also mean "and if not"} |
| Hindi | The origin of "जहाँ तक" (whereas) is from "जहाँ" (place) and "तक" (up to), indicating a boundary or limit. |
| Hmong | The Hmong word "whereas" can also mean "whereas" in English. |
| Hungarian | The word "mivel" comes from the Old Hungarian word "mivel" which meant "because". |
| Icelandic | The Icelandic word "en" can also mean "though" or "although". |
| Igbo | Ebe (whereas) also means "to be" or "to exist" in Igbo depending on the context. |
| Indonesian | The word "sedangkan" is derived from the Old Javanese word "sakingkang," meaning "from what." |
| Irish | De bhrí is also used in Irish to mean "on account of" or "by reason of". |
| Italian | The Italian word "mentre" also means "while" and shares etymological roots with the English word "meantime". |
| Japanese | 一方、 is also used to mean "on one hand," and is often contrasted with the phrase "另一方面、" which means "on the other hand." |
| Javanese | The word "dene" can also mean "instead" or "although". |
| Kannada | "ಆದರೆ" can also mean "because" or "but" in Kannada, depending on its context. |
| Kazakh | The word "ал" can also mean "while" and is an archaic form of "ел". |
| Khmer | The word "ចំណែកឯ" can also be used to mean "however", "nevertheless", or "on the other hand". |
| Korean | The word "이므로" derives from the verb "이르다" (to reach, arrive), and can also mean "therefore" or "henceforth". |
| Kurdish | The word "lêbelê" in Kurdish also refers to a place where two rivers or streams meet. |
| Latin | In Medieval Latin, "cum" evolved into a conjunction meaning "and" or "with". |
| Latvian | The Latvian word "tā kā" can also mean "because" or "as" in English. |
| Lithuanian | Lithuanian "kadangi" also bears the meaning "since it seems"} |
| Macedonian | The word "со оглед на тоа што" in Macedonian can also mean "in view of the fact that" or "considering that". |
| Malagasy | The noun 'kosa' also means 'thing' or 'object', indicating something general or unspecified. |
| Malay | The word 'sedangkan' is derived from the Sanskrit word 'saddharman', meaning 'true dharma' or 'right doctrine'. |
| Malayalam | The word 'അതേസമയം' also means 'at the same time' in Malayalam. |
| Maltese | The Maltese word "billi" derives from the Arabic "bi" (meaning "by" or "in") and is still used in this sense in the Maltese dialect of Gozo. |
| Maori | In Maori, "ahakoa" (whereas) signifies "notwithstanding" or "even though" and can be used to express exception or contrast. |
| Marathi | "तर" comes from the Sanskrit word "ततः" meaning "from that" or "therefore" |
| Mongolian | The word "харин" also means "however" or "nevertheless" in Mongolian. |
| Nepali | The Nepali word "जबकि" has its origins in Sanskrit, with "जब" meaning "when" and "कि" meaning "but," indicating a contrast between two situations. |
| Norwegian | The word "mens" is cognate with the English "mean," indicating a purpose or intention. |
| Nyanja (Chichewa) | The word "pomwe" in Nyanja can also mean "even though" or "even if". |
| Polish | The 'nato' element in 'natomeast' comes from Old Slavic and means 'on the other side', while 'miast' means 'instead'. |
| Portuguese (Portugal, Brazil) | "Enquanto que" means meanwhile, while or when in Portuguese. |
| Punjabi | The word "ਜਦ ਕਿ" can also mean "although" or "but" in Punjabi. |
| Romanian | The Romanian word "întrucât" has origins in Proto-Indo-European languages, with roots in Proto-Italic "*en tre", meaning "among three." |
| Russian | В то время как - compound word, consisting of the preposition "в" and the conjunction "то время как" which means "at that time as" and is used in the meaning of "while". |
| Samoan | Derived from the Proto-Samoan *a, which also means 'then' and 'therefore'. |
| Scots Gaelic | The word "ach" also means "but" in Scots Gaelic. |
| Serbian | The word "док" (''dok'') in Serbian can also be used as an exclamation denoting surprise or disappointment. |
| Sesotho | Athe is derived from the Proto-Bantu verb *ti-, meaning "to say" or "to speak" |
| Shona | The word 'nepo' could also mean 'then' or 'and then,' or be used to introduce the purpose of an action. |
| Sindhi | "جڏهن ته" is a conjunction that can also mean "while" in Sindhi. |
| Sinhala (Sinhalese) | The word "ෙකෙසේෙවතත්" can also be used to mean "however", "nonetheless", or "nevertheless". |
| Slovak | In addition to its common meaning of "whereas," "keďže" can also mean "since," "because," or "in light of the fact that." |
| Slovenian | The Slovenian word "ker" also means "if" and is cognate with the English "though". |
| Somali | The word "halka" also has the meaning of "yet" in Somali. |
| Spanish | It is derived from the Latin phrase "mientre ad" which means "in the meantime". |
| Sundanese | Sundanese "padahal" is cognate with Javanese "padahal", possibly from the obsolete Indonesian "ada-ada": 'something-something', 'what do you say', or from the Malay "pada hal": 'as it is', or from the Tagalog "dapat": 'maybe'} |
| Swahili | Ambapo is a Swahili term that can also mean 'where', indicating a specific location. |
| Swedish | The word 'medan' can also mean 'during', 'while', or 'in the midst of'. |
| Tagalog (Filipino) | The word "samantalang" also means "concurrently" or "at the same time". |
| Tajik | The phrase 'дар ҳоле ки', in Tajik, is derived from the Persian phrase 'در حالی که', and shares similar meanings of 'in the meanwhile', 'while', or 'whereas'. |
| Tamil | The word "அதேசமயம்" also means "at the same time" and "meanwhile". |
| Telugu | The word "అయితే" can also mean "however" or "but" in Telugu. |
| Thai | The Thai word "ในขณะที่" can also mean "while" or "when". |
| Turkish | "Buna karşılık" (whereas) literally translates to "in return for this" or "in exchange for this" in Turkish. |
| Ukrainian | "Тоді як" can also be translated as "while" or "however." |
| Urdu | In addition to its primary meaning of "whereas," "جبکہ" can also mean "however" or "but." |
| Uzbek | The word "Holbuki" in Uzbek can also mean "while" or "on the contrary". |
| Vietnamese | "Trong khi" can also mean "during the time that" or "while" in the sense of "at the same time". |
| Welsh | The word "tra" in Welsh can also mean "because" or "since". |
| Xhosa | "Kanti" can also mean "because" or "in order to" in Xhosa. |
| Yiddish | The word "כוועראַז" in Yiddish is thought to be a borrowing of German "während" or French "durant" and thus has the additional meanings "during" or "while". |
| Yoruba | "Ko da" in Yoruba can also mean "if", "when", or "at what time." |
| Zulu | Kanti shares an etymology with the isiZulu word 'ukukanti' (to turn around) |
| English | The word "whereas" originated as a Middle English conjunction meaning "in view of the fact that," and is still used in this sense in legal and formal writing. |