Afrikaans gedink | ||
Albanian mendimi | ||
Amharic አሰብኩ | ||
Arabic فكر | ||
Armenian մտածում | ||
Assamese ভাবিছিল | ||
Aymara amuyu | ||
Azerbaijani düşündüm | ||
Bambara miiriya | ||
Basque pentsatu | ||
Belarusian падумаў | ||
Bengali চিন্তা | ||
Bhojpuri सोच | ||
Bosnian mislio | ||
Bulgarian мисъл | ||
Catalan pensava | ||
Cebuano naghunahuna | ||
Chinese (Simplified) 思想 | ||
Chinese (Traditional) 思想 | ||
Corsican pinsava | ||
Croatian misao | ||
Czech myslel | ||
Danish tanke | ||
Dhivehi ހީކުރީ | ||
Dogri बचार | ||
Dutch gedachte | ||
English thought | ||
Esperanto pensis | ||
Estonian mõtles | ||
Ewe bui be | ||
Filipino (Tagalog) naisip | ||
Finnish ajattelin | ||
French pensée | ||
Frisian tins | ||
Galician pensamento | ||
Georgian ფიქრობდა | ||
German habe gedacht | ||
Greek σκέψη | ||
Guarani upéicharõ | ||
Gujarati વિચાર્યું | ||
Haitian Creole te panse | ||
Hausa tunani | ||
Hawaiian manaʻo | ||
Hebrew מַחֲשָׁבָה | ||
Hindi विचार | ||
Hmong kev xav | ||
Hungarian gondolat | ||
Icelandic hugsaði | ||
Igbo chere | ||
Ilocano balabala | ||
Indonesian pikir | ||
Irish shíl mé | ||
Italian pensiero | ||
Japanese 思想 | ||
Javanese mikir | ||
Kannada ವಿಚಾರ | ||
Kazakh ой | ||
Khmer គិត | ||
Kinyarwanda yatekereje | ||
Konkani विचार | ||
Korean 생각 | ||
Krio tink | ||
Kurdish pojin | ||
Kurdish (Sorani) بیرۆکە | ||
Kyrgyz ой | ||
Lao ຄິດ | ||
Latin thought | ||
Latvian nodomāju | ||
Lingala likanisi | ||
Lithuanian pagalvojo | ||
Luganda ekirowoozo | ||
Luxembourgish geduecht | ||
Macedonian мисла | ||
Maithili विचार | ||
Malagasy eritreritra | ||
Malay berfikir | ||
Malayalam ചിന്ത | ||
Maltese ħsibt | ||
Maori whakaaro | ||
Marathi विचार | ||
Meiteilon (Manipuri) ꯋꯥꯈꯜ | ||
Mizo ngaihtuah | ||
Mongolian гэж бодлоо | ||
Myanmar (Burmese) အတွေး | ||
Nepali सोच्यो | ||
Norwegian tenkte | ||
Nyanja (Chichewa) ganiza | ||
Odia (Oriya) ଭାବିଲି | | ||
Oromo yaada | ||
Pashto فکر | ||
Persian فکر | ||
Polish myśl | ||
Portuguese (Portugal, Brazil) pensamento | ||
Punjabi ਸੋਚਿਆ | ||
Quechua umanchay | ||
Romanian gând | ||
Russian подумал | ||
Samoan mafaufau | ||
Sanskrit विचिन्ता | ||
Scots Gaelic smaoineachadh | ||
Sepedi kgopolo | ||
Serbian мислио | ||
Sesotho monahano | ||
Shona kufunga | ||
Sindhi سوچيم | ||
Sinhala (Sinhalese) සිතුවිල්ල | ||
Slovak pomyslel si | ||
Slovenian razmišljal | ||
Somali u maleeyey | ||
Spanish pensamiento | ||
Sundanese panginten | ||
Swahili mawazo | ||
Swedish trodde | ||
Tagalog (Filipino) naisip | ||
Tajik фикр кард | ||
Tamil சிந்தனை | ||
Tatar - дип уйлады | ||
Telugu ఆలోచన | ||
Thai ความคิด | ||
Tigrinya ሓሳብ | ||
Tsonga hleketa | ||
Turkish düşünce | ||
Turkmen pikir etdi | ||
Twi (Akan) dwenee | ||
Ukrainian думав | ||
Urdu سوچا | ||
Uyghur دەپ ئويلىدى | ||
Uzbek deb o'yladi | ||
Vietnamese nghĩ | ||
Welsh meddwl | ||
Xhosa ndicinge | ||
Yiddish געטראכט | ||
Yoruba ronu | ||
Zulu umcabango |
| Language | Etymology / Notes |
|---|---|
| Afrikaans | "Gedink" comes from the Dutch word "gedenken", which means "to remember" or "to commemorate." |
| Albanian | The Albanian word "mendim" derives from Proto-Albanian "*mend-im-a", cognate with Proto-Slavic "*mъnz-i-ti", meaning "to consider". |
| Amharic | The verb 'አሰብኩ' (thought) is related to 'ሰበከ' (studied, preached) and has the alternate meaning of 'reasoned out' |
| Arabic | The Arabic word "فكر" is derived from the root "ف-ك-ر" which means "to split" or "to distinguish" and carries the connotation of separating ideas or concepts into their constituent parts for analysis and reflection. |
| Armenian | The word "մտածում" can also refer to the faculty of thinking or the power of the mind to form thoughts. |
| Azerbaijani | Düşündüm is also used in Azerbaijani to express pondering or considering something. |
| Basque | The Basque word "pentsatu" derives from the Latin "pensare," meaning "to weigh," and also carries the connotation of "to consider" or "to ponder." |
| Belarusian | The verb "падумаў" is derived from the Proto-Slavic root "*dumati" meaning "to think, to suppose". |
| Bengali | Cognate with the word "chinta", a Hindu term for "mark" or "symbol"} |
| Bosnian | "Mislio," or "thought," also means the act or process of thinking in Bosnian |
| Bulgarian | The word 'мисъл' is also derived from the verb 'мисля' which means 'to think', 'to suppose', 'to believe', or 'to judge'. |
| Catalan | The Catalan word "pensava" derives from the Latin word "pensare", which means "to weigh" or "to consider". |
| Cebuano | The Cebuano word "naghunahuna" is derived from the Malay "panguna-una," meaning "the main thing, the first thing, the first to be considered." |
| Chinese (Simplified) | "思想" can originally mean "to take a bath" while it got its current meaning through a word puzzle |
| Chinese (Traditional) | In Taoist philosophy, **思想** refers to the mind's ability to grasp the ultimate reality. |
| Corsican | The word "pinsava" in Corsican derives from the late Latin term "pinsare" (meaning to weigh, ponder or consider) and the proto-Indo-European root *pen- (to ponder). |
| Croatian | The word "misao" is thought to come from the Proto-Indo-European word "*men-/*mn-," meaning "to think, to remember." |
| Czech | Czech "myslel" originates in the noun "mysl" meaning "mind", from Proto-Slavic "mysli" of uncertain origin. |
| Danish | In old Danish, 'tanke' also referred to 'thanks' or 'gratitude', showing the connection between cognition and appreciation. |
| Dutch | The word "gedachte" in Dutch is derived from the Old High German word "gidāhti", meaning "something remembered" or "that which is kept in mind". |
| Esperanto | "Pensis" is a loan word from French "pense" and Latin "pendere" and shares a root with Spanish "peso", Italian "pesare", or English "pension". |
| Estonian | The Estonian word "mõtles" not only means "thought" but also "intended" or "had in mind." |
| Finnish | Finnish "ajattelin" is thought to be a loanword from the Proto-Germanic *þankjanan meaning "to thank". |
| French | The French word "pensée" also refers to a type of flower known as a pansy. |
| Frisian | Frisian "tins" is related to English "think" and also means "to appear" or "to seem" |
| Galician | The Galician word "pensamento" also refers to the flower pansy, a symbol of remembrance. |
| Georgian | The Georgian word ფიქრობდა (p'ikrobda) derives from the Proto-Kartvelian form *p'ikr- and originally meant "to ask oneself," from the Proto-Kartvelian root *p'er- "to ask." |
| German | The German word "habe gedacht" can also mean "have thought" or "have believed". |
| Greek | The Greek word "σκέψη" (thought) also shares a root with the word "σκοπός" (purpose), suggesting the interrelatedness of thought and intention. |
| Haitian Creole | "Te panse" ultimately comes from "tête pensante", French for "thinking head"} |
| Hausa | The word 'tunani' in Hausa also means 'to think', 'to remember', and 'to consider'. |
| Hawaiian | In Hawaiian, "manaʻo" also refers to intention, purpose, or meaning. |
| Hebrew | The Hebrew word "מַחֲשָׁבָה" can also refer to a device or artifact |
| Hindi | "विचार" (vichaar) in Hindi not only means "thought" but also "judgment," "consideration," and "deliberation". |
| Hmong | Kev xav is also used colloquially to refer to the content of a sentence or phrase. |
| Hungarian | Gondolat was not originally an abstract term for thought, but a concrete object like a ball or a book that was rolled around (gondol), a 'plaything', later becoming associated with the content of it. |
| Icelandic | "Hugsa" originally referred to the act of breathing or blowing, later extending to "thoughts" and "opinions" in the 16th century. |
| Igbo | The Igbo word 'chere' also signifies opinion, understanding, concept or knowledge. |
| Indonesian | The Indonesian word 'pikir' can also mean 'to consider' or 'to reflect'. |
| Irish | The word 'shíl mé' in Irish also means 'it seems to me' or 'I think'. |
| Italian | The Italian word "pensiero" comes from the Latin "pensare", meaning "to weigh" or "to consider"} |
| Japanese | The word "思想" in Japanese can also mean "ideology" or "philosophy". |
| Javanese | "Mikir" in Javanese derives from Sanskrit "matra" meaning "meter," as thoughts are rhythmic internal whispers. |
| Kannada | The word "ವಿಚಾರ" can also mean "investigation" or "consideration" in Kannada. |
| Kazakh | "Ой" can also mean "mind" or "idea" in Kazakh, highlighting its significance beyond mere contemplation. |
| Khmer | In the context of meditation, "គិត" can also refer to a type of contemplation that focuses on the mind itself and its processes. |
| Korean | The word "생각" can also mean "idea" or "opinion." |
| Kurdish | The word 'pojin' in Kurdish can also mean 'opinion', 'intention', or 'idea'. |
| Kyrgyz | In Kyrgyz, the word "ой" ("thought") also means "mind" and "intellect." |
| Lao | The Lao word "ຄິດ" (kit) can also mean "to guess" or "to suppose". |
| Latin | The Latin word "cogito" is the root of the English word "thought", and also means "I think" in Latin. |
| Latvian | Nodomāju translates to “thought” or “intention” in Latvian, also has a connotation of “assumption” or “guess”. |
| Lithuanian | The word "pagalvojo" has several etymologies, including the Proto-Indo-European root *peh₂-gh-. |
| Macedonian | The word "мисла" is cognate with the Latin word "mens" (mind) and the Greek word "μῆνις" (anger). |
| Malagasy | In Malagasy, "eritreritra" can also refer to dreams or daydreams. |
| Malay | The word "berfikir" in Malay also means "to meditate" or "to plan". |
| Malayalam | The Malayalam word 'ചിന്ത' (thought) is derived from the Sanskrit 'चिन्ता' (worry, anxiety), sharing a similar etymology with the English word 'concern'. |
| Maltese | The Maltese word "ħsibt" is derived from the Arabic word "حسب" (حسب), meaning "to consider" or "to reckon". |
| Maori | The Maori word "whakaaro" also means "idea", "concept", "opinion", or "feeling". |
| Marathi | The word "विचार" comes from the Sanskrit root "vicar," meaning "to wander or roam," suggesting its connection to the wandering or exploration of thoughts and ideas. |
| Mongolian | The Mongolian word for ``thought`` “rǩē бодлоо” also means ``idea`` and ``notion.`` |
| Myanmar (Burmese) | "အတွေး" in Burmese can also refer to an object created for contemplation, e.g. a painting, sculpture or book. |
| Nepali | सोच्यो in Newari also means to think, and it can be a verb or a noun. |
| Norwegian | The word "tenkte" is derived from the Old Norse word "þenkia," which also means "to seem" or "to appear." |
| Nyanja (Chichewa) | The word "ganiza" in Nyanja can also mean "idea" or "concept" |
| Pashto | The Pashto word "فکر" can also refer to an opinion or an idea. |
| Persian | In Persian, the word "فکر" (fekr) can also refer to imagination, consideration, opinion, or worry. |
| Polish | The Polish word "myśl" also refers to a plan or intention. |
| Portuguese (Portugal, Brazil) | The word 'pensamento' comes from the Latin word 'pensamentum', which means 'a thought, an idea, a reflection'. |
| Punjabi | The word "ਸੋਚਿਆ" can also mean "considered" or "imagined" in Punjabi. |
| Romanian | "Gând" comes from the Slavic word "dъmа" which means "mind" or "thought". |
| Russian | The verb "подумал" comes from the Proto-Slavic root *dumati, meaning "to think, to blow". |
| Samoan | The word "mafaufau" can also mean "to think intently" or "to ponder". |
| Scots Gaelic | The Scots Gaelic word "smaoineachadh" for "thought" is etymologically related to both "mind" and "remembering". |
| Serbian | мислио is also a Serbian verb meaning |
| Sesotho | The word "monahano" in Sesotho can also refer to a "plan" or "intention". |
| Shona | The Shona noun 'kufunga' also means 'to think' or 'to consider'. |
| Sindhi | "سوچيم" also means 'to tell' in Sindhi. |
| Sinhala (Sinhalese) | In Sanskrit, the root "cit" means both "thought" and "consciousness". |
| Slovak | The word "pomyslel si" also means "imagined" in Slovak. |
| Slovenian | The word 'razmišljal' in Slovenian is derived from the Proto-Slavic word 'razmyslь', meaning 'to think or consider'. |
| Somali | As an adjective, 'u maleeyey' can mean 'wise' or 'having wisdom' |
| Spanish | El sustantivo "pensamiento" comparte su raíz con la voz "pender", lo que sugiere una conexión entre el pensamiento y el equilibrio o la ponderación. |
| Sundanese | The word "panginten" in Sundanese can also mean "belief" or "assumption". |
| Swahili | The Swahili word "mawazo" also means "plans" or "intentions" depending on the context. |
| Swedish | The word "trodde" in Swedish is cognate with the English word "troth", which means "faith" or "loyalty". |
| Tagalog (Filipino) | The Tagalog word "naisip" also means "remembered" or "understood." |
| Tajik | The word "фикр кард" also means "to think" in Tajik. |
| Tamil | The word "சிந்தனை" can also mean "anxiety" or "worry" in Tamil. |
| Telugu | The word "ఆలోచన" also means "consideration" or "reflection" in Telugu. |
| Thai | The term "ความคิด" can also refer to a person's beliefs, opinions, and mental processes. |
| Turkish | "Düşünce" is also used to refer to a "concept" or "idea". |
| Ukrainian | The word "думав" derives from Proto-Slavic "domiti", meaning "to think". |
| Urdu | The Urdu word سوچا "thought" can also refer to the mental process of thinking and reasoning. |
| Uzbek | The Uzbek word "deb o'yladi" has roots in Turkish, Mongolian, and Sanskrit, signifying "brain" or "mind." |
| Vietnamese | "Nghĩ" (thought) can also mean "to meditate" or "to consider". |
| Welsh | Welsh 'meddwl' also refers to the location of a person's mind and, archaically, to an object of meditation. |
| Xhosa | "Ndicinge" in Xhosa can also refer to an idea, opinion, or intention. |
| Yiddish | "Getrakht" can also refer to an opinion or a way of looking at things. |
| Yoruba | The Yoruba word "ronu" can also refer to a state of worry or anxiety. |
| Zulu | "Umkcabango" is a Zulu noun which can also mean "understanding" or "belief". |
| English | The word "thought" comes from the Old English word "þoht," which originally meant "mind" or "memory." |