Afrikaans onnosel | ||
Albanian budalla | ||
Amharic ደደብ | ||
Arabic غبي | ||
Armenian հիմար | ||
Assamese অঁকৰা | ||
Aymara ipi | ||
Azerbaijani axmaq | ||
Bambara naloma | ||
Basque ergela | ||
Belarusian дурны | ||
Bengali বোকা | ||
Bhojpuri मूरख | ||
Bosnian glupo | ||
Bulgarian глупаво | ||
Catalan estúpid | ||
Cebuano tanga | ||
Chinese (Simplified) 笨 | ||
Chinese (Traditional) 笨 | ||
Corsican scemu | ||
Croatian glupo | ||
Czech hloupý | ||
Danish dum | ||
Dhivehi މޮޔަ | ||
Dogri डैंजा. बेवकूफ | ||
Dutch dom | ||
English stupid | ||
Esperanto stulta | ||
Estonian rumal | ||
Ewe abunɛ | ||
Filipino (Tagalog) bobo | ||
Finnish tyhmä | ||
French stupide | ||
Frisian stom | ||
Galician estúpido | ||
Georgian სულელი | ||
German blöd | ||
Greek χαζος | ||
Guarani tovatavy | ||
Gujarati મૂર્ખ | ||
Haitian Creole estipid | ||
Hausa wawa | ||
Hawaiian hūpō | ||
Hebrew מְטוּפָּשׁ | ||
Hindi बेवकूफ | ||
Hmong neeg ruam | ||
Hungarian hülye | ||
Icelandic heimskur | ||
Igbo onye nzuzu | ||
Ilocano dagmel | ||
Indonesian bodoh | ||
Irish dúr | ||
Italian stupido | ||
Japanese 愚か | ||
Javanese bodho | ||
Kannada ದಡ್ಡ | ||
Kazakh ақымақ | ||
Khmer ឆោតល្ងង់ | ||
Kinyarwanda ibicucu | ||
Konkani मूर्ख | ||
Korean 바보 | ||
Krio ful | ||
Kurdish balûle | ||
Kurdish (Sorani) گێل | ||
Kyrgyz келесоо | ||
Lao ໂງ່ | ||
Latin stultus | ||
Latvian stulbi | ||
Lingala bolole | ||
Lithuanian kvailas | ||
Luganda -siru | ||
Luxembourgish domm | ||
Macedonian глупав | ||
Maithili बेवकूफ | ||
Malagasy adala | ||
Malay bodoh | ||
Malayalam മണ്ടൻ | ||
Maltese stupidu | ||
Maori poauau | ||
Marathi मूर्ख | ||
Meiteilon (Manipuri) ꯑꯄꯪꯕ | ||
Mizo atthlak | ||
Mongolian тэнэг | ||
Myanmar (Burmese) မိုက်မဲ | ||
Nepali मूर्ख | ||
Norwegian dum | ||
Nyanja (Chichewa) wopusa | ||
Odia (Oriya) ବୋକା | ||
Oromo kan hin hubanne | ||
Pashto احمق | ||
Persian احمق | ||
Polish głupi | ||
Portuguese (Portugal, Brazil) estúpido | ||
Punjabi ਮੂਰਖ | ||
Quechua upa | ||
Romanian prost | ||
Russian глупый | ||
Samoan valea | ||
Sanskrit मूढ़ | ||
Scots Gaelic gòrach | ||
Sepedi setlaela | ||
Serbian глупо | ||
Sesotho bothoto | ||
Shona benzi | ||
Sindhi بيوقوف | ||
Sinhala (Sinhalese) මෝඩ | ||
Slovak hlúpy | ||
Slovenian neumno | ||
Somali doqon | ||
Spanish estúpido | ||
Sundanese bodo | ||
Swahili mjinga | ||
Swedish dum | ||
Tagalog (Filipino) bobo | ||
Tajik беақл | ||
Tamil முட்டாள் | ||
Tatar ахмак | ||
Telugu తెలివితక్కువవాడు | ||
Thai โง่ | ||
Tigrinya ደደብ | ||
Tsonga xiphunta | ||
Turkish aptal | ||
Turkmen samsyk | ||
Twi (Akan) nkwaseasɛm | ||
Ukrainian дурний | ||
Urdu بیوقوف | ||
Uyghur ئەخمەق | ||
Uzbek ahmoq | ||
Vietnamese ngốc nghếch | ||
Welsh dwp | ||
Xhosa bubudenge | ||
Yiddish נאַריש | ||
Yoruba omugo | ||
Zulu isilima |
| Language | Etymology / Notes |
|---|---|
| Afrikaans | The word "onnosel" in Afrikaans originates from the Dutch word "onnozel", which means "innocent" or "naive". |
| Albanian | The word "budalla" also refers to a "calf" |
| Amharic | The word ደደብ can also refer to a type of bird found in Ethiopia, known for its dull appearance and slow movements. |
| Armenian | Հիմար (himar) likely derives from the root հիմ (him) meaning "base, foundation," indicating a lack of intellectual depth. |
| Azerbaijani | The word "axmaq" in Azerbaijani originates from the Persian word "aḥmaq" and also means "illiterate". |
| Basque | The word "ergela" in Basque has the alternate meaning of "a person who is excessively talkative or boastful". |
| Belarusian | The word "дурны" can also mean "ugly" or "bad" in Belarusian. |
| Bengali | The word "বোকা" is derived from the Sanskrit word "मुक्ता" (mukta) meaning "freed" or "liberated", and can also refer to a "fool" or "simpleton" in Bengali. |
| Bosnian | The word "glupo" also has the alternative meaning of "deafmute" in Bosnian. |
| Bulgarian | The word "глупаво" in Bulgarian can also mean "unwise"} |
| Cebuano | Tanga in Cebuano refers to a type of underwear commonly worn in Brazil and other South American countries, similar to a thong. |
| Chinese (Simplified) | "笨" can also mean slow, clumsy, or awkward. |
| Chinese (Traditional) | The word "笨" can also mean "slow" or "clumsy" in Chinese. |
| Corsican | "Scemu" comes from medieval Corsican for "mute, deaf" and originally also meant "innocent". |
| Danish | Danish word 'Dum' derives from Old Norse, with cognates in Old English and Old High German. |
| Dutch | The Dutch word "dom" is also a shortened form of the Latin word "dominus" (master) and the French word "dame" (lady). It can also be used to refer to a cathedral or a large church. |
| Esperanto | "Stulta" derives from the Latin word "stultus," meaning "foolish" or "foppish." |
| Finnish | The word "tyhmä" is derived from the Proto-Finnic word *tümpä, meaning "stub", "block", or "blunt object". |
| French | In French, "stupide" can also mean "astonished" or "amazed", coming from the Latin "stupere", meaning "to be struck senseless". |
| Frisian | The word "stom" can also mean "dull" or "blunt". |
| Galician | In Galician, "estúpido" can also refer to a slow-moving individual, while in Brazilian Portuguese it means "great" or "splendid". |
| German | The word "Blöd" in German is derived from the Middle High German word "blœde", meaning "cowardly" or "timid". |
| Hausa | The Hausa word 'wawa' derives from the original 'wawa baki' meaning 'empty head'. |
| Hungarian | "Hülye" derives from the Turkish word "deli" and also means "mad" or "crazy" in modern Hungarian. |
| Igbo | "Anya nzuzu" in Igbo is derived from "nzuzu-nzuzu," which means a state of complete bewilderment and lack of sense, similar to the English idiom "to be all thumbs." |
| Irish | This Irish word likely descends from Proto-Indo-European and has cognates across many Indo-European languages (such as English "dull" or "daze"). |
| Kannada | ದಡ್ಡ also means a "big vessel made of leaves", which could explain why the Kannada word for "pregnant" is "ದಡ್ಡಿ". |
| Khmer | ឆោតល្ងង់ (chhot langng) can also mean "immature" or "lacking in experience or judgment." |
| Lao | In Lao, the word "ໂງ່" can also be used to describe a child or someone who is young or inexperienced, but in a more playful or affectionate way. |
| Latin | The Latin word 'stultus' can also be translated as 'arrogant' or 'foolish'. |
| Latvian | The word “stulbi” also means “pillars” and is related to the word “stabuls” which means “stable”. |
| Luxembourgish | "Domm" can also mean "tame" or "submissive" and is related to the Latin word "dominus" meaning "owner" or "master." |
| Macedonian | The word "глупав" is derived from the Proto-Slavic root *glupъ, which means "deaf" or "mute". |
| Malay | The word "bodoh" in Malay may also refer to a type of traditional Malay sword. |
| Mongolian | The word "тэнэг" also has the alternate meaning of "dull" or "foolish". |
| Nepali | "मूर्ख" is derived from the Sanskrit word "मूर्छा" meaning "faint" or "unconscious". |
| Norwegian | The word "dum" in Norwegian is derived from the Old Norse word "dombr", meaning "dull". It can also mean "deaf" or "numb". |
| Nyanja (Chichewa) | The word "wopusa" in the Nyanja (Chichewa) language is also used to describe something that is "rotten" or "spoiled". |
| Romanian | "Prost" comes from Slavic and means "vulgar" or "rude". |
| Scots Gaelic | The Scots Gaelic word "gòrach" (often translated as "stupid") is more accurately defined as "simple" or "unworldly". The word is thought to derive from the Middle Scots "gorrok" (rough, coarse), and is related to the Irish "gorach" and Welsh "gwrach" (both meaning "hag" or "witch"). |
| Serbian | The Serbian "глупо" also has the meaning of "in vain" |
| Shona | In other languages, "benzi" can mean "to be beautiful", or "to be foolish", depending on the context. |
| Sinhala (Sinhalese) | The root word is 'මෝහ,' meaning 'delusion' or 'ignorance' which can be both temporary and permanent. |
| Slovak | The word "hlúpy" originally meant "deaf" in Old Church Slavonic, and it still retains this meaning in some dialects of Slovak. |
| Slovenian | The word "neumno" can also refer to "inconvenient" or "in vain". |
| Spanish | The word "estúpido" can also mean "bewildered" or "perplexed" in Spanish. |
| Sundanese | In Sundanese, "bodo" can also refer to someone who is overly curious or nosy. |
| Swahili | "Mjinga" is derived from the Swahili word "kung'ara" meaning "to shine", referring to someone who is slow-witted or dull in comparison to others' "brightness." |
| Swedish | The word 'dum' in Swedish can also mean 'quiet' or 'calm'. |
| Tajik | In Tajik the word "беақл" is derived from the Persian word "بی عقل" and means "without understanding". |
| Thai | โง่ (ngò) is a word that also means 'dull' or 'blunt' in Thai. |
| Turkish | Aptal's other meaning can be "a little bit". |
| Urdu | The word "بیوقوف" is derived from the Persian word "بیخ" (root) and "و" (and), meaning literally "without root" |
| Welsh | The Welsh word "dwp" can also mean "a block of wood" or "a log of wood". |
| Xhosa | "Bubudenge" also refers to a type of tree or shrub in Xhosa. |
| Yiddish | The Yiddish word "נאַריש" can also mean "naive" or "foolish". |
| Yoruba | "Omugo" also refers to a type of yam in Yoruba. |
| Zulu | In Zulu, "isilima" (pejorative) derives from "isilim[a]", "to miss the mark, fumble, be clumsy". |