Afrikaans versterk | ||
Albanian forcuar | ||
Amharic አጠናክር | ||
Arabic تعزيز - يقوي | ||
Armenian ուժեղացնել | ||
Assamese শক্তিশালী কৰা | ||
Aymara ch’amanchaña | ||
Azerbaijani gücləndirmək | ||
Bambara barika don a la | ||
Basque indartu | ||
Belarusian умацаваць | ||
Bengali শক্তিশালী করা | ||
Bhojpuri मजबूत होखे के चाहीं | ||
Bosnian ojačati | ||
Bulgarian укрепване | ||
Catalan enfortir | ||
Cebuano pagpalig-on | ||
Chinese (Simplified) 加强 | ||
Chinese (Traditional) 加強 | ||
Corsican rinfurzà | ||
Croatian ojačati | ||
Czech posílit | ||
Danish styrke | ||
Dhivehi ހަރުދަނާކުރުން | ||
Dogri मजबूत करना | ||
Dutch versterken | ||
English strengthen | ||
Esperanto fortigi | ||
Estonian tugevdama | ||
Ewe do ŋusẽe | ||
Filipino (Tagalog) palakasin | ||
Finnish vahvistaa | ||
French renforcer | ||
Frisian fersterkje | ||
Galician fortalecer | ||
Georgian გამაგრება | ||
German stärken | ||
Greek ενισχύω | ||
Guarani omombarete | ||
Gujarati મજબૂત | ||
Haitian Creole ranfòse | ||
Hausa ƙarfafa | ||
Hawaiian e hooikaika | ||
Hebrew לְחַזֵק | ||
Hindi मजबूत बनाना | ||
Hmong ntxiv dag zog | ||
Hungarian erősíteni | ||
Icelandic styrkja | ||
Igbo wusi | ||
Ilocano papigsaen | ||
Indonesian memperkuat | ||
Irish neartú | ||
Italian rafforzare | ||
Japanese 強化する | ||
Javanese ngiyatake | ||
Kannada ಬಲಪಡಿಸಿ | ||
Kazakh нығайту | ||
Khmer ពង្រឹង | ||
Kinyarwanda komeza | ||
Konkani घटमूट करप | ||
Korean 강하게 하다 | ||
Krio mek yu gɛt trɛnk | ||
Kurdish hêzkirin | ||
Kurdish (Sorani) بەهێزکردن | ||
Kyrgyz бекемдөө | ||
Lao ສ້າງຄວາມເຂັ້ມແຂງ | ||
Latin confirma | ||
Latvian stiprināt | ||
Lingala kolendisa | ||
Lithuanian sustiprinti | ||
Luganda okunyweza | ||
Luxembourgish stäerken | ||
Macedonian зајакне | ||
Maithili मजबूत करब | ||
Malagasy hanamafy orina | ||
Malay menguatkan | ||
Malayalam ശക്തിപ്പെടുത്തുക | ||
Maltese issaħħaħ | ||
Maori whakakaha | ||
Marathi बळकट करा | ||
Meiteilon (Manipuri) ꯃꯄꯥꯉ꯭ꯒꯜ ꯀꯅꯈꯠꯍꯅꯕꯥ꯫ | ||
Mizo tichak rawh | ||
Mongolian бэхжүүлэх | ||
Myanmar (Burmese) အားကောင်း | ||
Nepali सुदृढ पार्नुहोस् | ||
Norwegian forsterke | ||
Nyanja (Chichewa) kulimbikitsa | ||
Odia (Oriya) ଶକ୍ତିଶାଳୀ କର | | ||
Oromo jabeessuu | ||
Pashto غښتلی کول | ||
Persian تقویت | ||
Polish wzmacniać | ||
Portuguese (Portugal, Brazil) fortalecer | ||
Punjabi ਮਜ਼ਬੂਤ | ||
Quechua kallpachay | ||
Romanian a intari | ||
Russian укреплять | ||
Samoan faʻamalosia | ||
Sanskrit दृढं कुरुत | ||
Scots Gaelic neartaich | ||
Sepedi matlafatša | ||
Serbian ојачати | ||
Sesotho matlafatsa | ||
Shona simbisa | ||
Sindhi مضبوط ڪيو | ||
Sinhala (Sinhalese) ශක්තිමත් කරන්න | ||
Slovak posilniť | ||
Slovenian okrepiti | ||
Somali xoojin | ||
Spanish fortalecer | ||
Sundanese nguatkeun | ||
Swahili imarisha | ||
Swedish stärka | ||
Tagalog (Filipino) palakasin | ||
Tajik мустаҳкам | ||
Tamil வலுப்படுத்துங்கள் | ||
Tatar ныгыту | ||
Telugu బలోపేతం | ||
Thai เสริมสร้าง | ||
Tigrinya ኣደልድል | ||
Tsonga tiyisa | ||
Turkish güçlendirmek | ||
Turkmen güýçlendiriň | ||
Twi (Akan) hyɛ mu den | ||
Ukrainian зміцнювати | ||
Urdu مضبوط کریں | ||
Uyghur كۈچەيتىڭ | ||
Uzbek mustahkamlash | ||
Vietnamese củng cố | ||
Welsh cryfhau | ||
Xhosa yomeleza | ||
Yiddish שטארקן | ||
Yoruba teramo | ||
Zulu qinisa |
| Language | Etymology / Notes |
|---|---|
| Afrikaans | Versterk can also mean to fix a tire by adding more air. |
| Albanian | "Forco" meaning strength in Albanian is rooted in Proto-Albanian and Proto-Indo-European roots signifying force or strength. |
| Amharic | The word "አጠናክር" also means "to make firm or stable". |
| Arabic | The word "تعزيز" also signifies the act of honoring and giving support. |
| Azerbaijani | The word "gücləndirmək" is rooted in Persian "quwwat" which refers to power, vigor or authority. |
| Basque | The word "indartu" is derived from the Latin word "in" (in) and the Basque word "dar" (gift), meaning "to give strength." |
| Bengali | **শক্তিশালী করা** is also used to mean **to empower**. |
| Bosnian | The word "ojačati" is derived from the Proto-Slavic word "*ojati", meaning "to have power". |
| Bulgarian | The word “ykrepvane” in Bulgarian has ancient roots, originating from the Proto-Indo-European root ‘ker-’ meaning ‘to grow’ or ‘to make’. |
| Catalan | The verb "enfortir" ultimately stems from Latin "fortis" and is cognate with English "fort". |
| Cebuano | The Cebuano word "pagpalig-on" (strengthen) also means "to give power or authority to someone or something." |
| Chinese (Simplified) | The word "加强" also means "to reinforce" or "to enhance". |
| Chinese (Traditional) | The first character in "加強" literally means "plus" and the second one means "strong". |
| Corsican | "Rinfurzà" in Corsican comes from the Latin word "robustus" and also means "to repair" or "to fix". |
| Croatian | The word "ojačati" is derived from the Slavic root "*orj-/*orъ", meaning "strong, powerful". |
| Czech | "Posílit" also means "to take refreshment". |
| Danish | Styrke also means 'governance' or 'rule', coming from the old Norse word 'styrkja', which means 'to steer' or 'to guide'. |
| Dutch | In the context of electricity, "versterken" can mean "to amplify" |
| Esperanto | The word "fortigi" is derived from the Latin word "fortis" meaning "strong". |
| Estonian | In Estonian, "tugevdama" not only means "to strengthen" but also "to prove" or "to verify". |
| Finnish | The Finnish word "vahvistaa" also means "to confirm" or "to verify". |
| French | In addition to meaning "strengthen," "renforcer" can also mean "to double," "to back," or "to reinforce" in the context of military strategy. |
| Frisian | In Old Frisian, the word 'fersterkje' meant 'to make strong' or 'to give strength'. |
| Galician | In some contexts, "fortalecer" can also refer to the strengthening of a bond or relationship, rather than a physical entity. |
| Georgian | In addition to its primary meaning of "strengthen," "გამაგრება" can also refer to a fortification or stronghold. |
| German | The word "stärken" derives from the Old High German word "sterken" meaning "to stiffen, fasten, secure, or consolidate." |
| Greek | The verb "ενισχύω" derives from the noun "ένις" (strength) and ultimately from the Proto-Indo-European root *h₁énih₂- "strength, power, vigor". |
| Gujarati | The word "મજબૂત" can also mean "firm" or "solid" in Gujarati, indicating its strength and durability. |
| Haitian Creole | The word ranfòse derives from the French word "renforcer". |
| Hausa | The word "ƙarfafa" can also mean "to encourage" or "to support" in Hausa. |
| Hawaiian | The term "e hooikaika" also holds the meaning of "to make solid" in Hawaiian. |
| Hebrew | The word 'לְחַזֵק' also means to 'confirm' or 'verify' in Talmudic Hebrew. |
| Hindi | मजबूत बनाने is a Hindi verb meaning to strengthen, derived from the Sanskrit root मृज (mrj), which also means to rub, wipe, or polish. |
| Hmong | Ntxiv dag zog literally translates to 'reinforce by applying force', hence its meaning of 'strengthen' |
| Hungarian | The Hungarian word "erősíteni" can also mean "to confirm" or "to fortify". |
| Icelandic | The verb "styrkja" originally referred to supporting the back of someone on horseback, or to reinforce a ship's side with additional planks. |
| Igbo | The Igbo word "wusi" can also mean to "repair," "fix" or "mend." |
| Indonesian | The Indonesian word "memperkuat" can also mean "to consolidate" or "to reinforce". |
| Irish | Alternate meanings or origin: from Old Irish nesartúgudh or neartugud meaning 'to make or become powerful'. |
| Italian | In Italian, "rafforzare" may also derive from the Arabic "rafraza", meaning "remedy, help, strengthen," or even "patch". |
| Japanese | '強化(kyouka)' comes from the verb '強める(kyoumeru)', meaning to make something stronger. |
| Javanese | Ngiyatake in Javanese can also mean to be courageous or to persist. |
| Kannada | ಬಲಪಡಿಸಿ is derived from the Sanskrit root "bal" meaning "strong" and can also mean "to reinforce" or "to make powerful." |
| Kazakh | The word "нығайту" is also used to describe the process of strengthening or solidifying something, both physically and figuratively. |
| Khmer | "ពង្រឹង" also refers to fortification of a position or city. |
| Korean | The verb "강하게 하다" can also mean "to comfort" or "to encourage" in Korean. |
| Kurdish | The Kurdish word "hêzkirin" is also used figuratively to mean "to empower" |
| Kyrgyz | The word "бекемдөө" in Kyrgyz originates from the Old Turkic word "bekm" meaning "firm" or "strong". |
| Latin | The Latin 'confirma' (strengthen) is related to 'firmus' (steadfast) and 'firmamentum' (foundation). |
| Latvian | The Indo-European root *strep- also yielded the Latvian word |
| Lithuanian | The word "sustiprinti" in Lithuanian is derived from the Slavic word "suporin" or "suportiti" meaning "to support" or "to help" |
| Luxembourgish | The Luxembourgish word "stäerken" is related to the German word "stärken", and can also refer to preparing meat with starch. |
| Macedonian | The verb "зајакне" originated from the Proto-Slavic root "zъ" meaning "away," with the suffix "-ak-." and can also mean "heal". |
| Malagasy | The Malagasy word "hanamafy orina" literally means "to make urine". |
| Malay | The word "menguatkan" can also mean "to confirm" or "to make stronger" in Malay. |
| Maltese | The Maltese word "issaħħaħ" comes from the Arabic word "sahh", meaning "health" or "correctness". |
| Maori | The Maori word "whakakaha" can also mean "to encourage" or "to support". |
| Marathi | The word "बळकट करा" can also mean "to fortify", "to bolster", or "to reinforce". |
| Mongolian | The word бэхжүүлэх is used not only to refer to physical strengthening but also to the reinforcement of relationships and the fortification of cities. |
| Nepali | "सुदृढ पार्नुहोस्" (strengthen) comes from Sanskrit and ultimately means "to make strong or hard". |
| Norwegian | The verb "forsterke" originated from the Proto-Germanic word "starkjan", which originally meant "to stiffen, harden" something. |
| Nyanja (Chichewa) | 'Kulimbikitsa' also means 'to confirm', 'to establish', and 'to make firm' in Nyanja. |
| Pashto | The Pashto word غښتلی کول is a compound word made up of the words غښتلی, meaning "strong", and کول, meaning "to make". It can also mean "to strengthen" or "to give strength". |
| Persian | "تقویت" literally means "making strong", from "تقوی" (piety), and can also mean "to harden or toughen (by exercising)." |
| Polish | The verb "wzmacniać" (to strengthen) is derived from the Proto-Slavic root *mokrъ (wet), suggesting a semantic shift from the idea of adding moisture to the idea of adding strength. |
| Portuguese (Portugal, Brazil) | The verb "fortalecer" derives from the Latin "fortis" (strong) and the suffix "-ecer" (to make). |
| Romanian | The Romanian word "a intări" also means "to fortify" or "to consolidate" in addition to "to strengthen." |
| Russian | The Russian word "укреплять" can also mean "to fortify" or "to consolidate". |
| Samoan | The word "faʻamalosia" comes from the Polynesian root word "*malo", meaning "steady" or "firm". |
| Scots Gaelic | 'Nertaich' is cognate with Old Irish 'neirt' (power, vigour), Welsh 'nerth' (force, strength), and Cornish 'nerth' (might, strength). |
| Serbian | "Ојачати" (to strengthen) comes from the Proto-Slavic word "*опь" (strength), also found in the words "опијати" (to intoxicate) and "опијум" (opium). |
| Sesotho | There are 2 meanings of this word, the second of which is a very mild swear word. |
| Shona | The verb 'simbisa' is derived from the root 'simba', which also means 'lion'. |
| Sindhi | The word "مضبوط ڪيو" also means "to establish" or "to make firm" in Sindhi. |
| Slovak | "Posilniť" comes from "po" meaning "upon" and "silniť" meaning "to make strong," and also means to fortify a position or to reinforce a building. |
| Slovenian | The word "okrepiti" is derived from the Proto-Slavic word "*okrěpiti", meaning "to make strong". |
| Somali | The verb 'xoojin' can also mean 'to make firm' or 'to solidify'. |
| Spanish | "Fortalecer" derives from the Latin "fortis" (strong) and is also used to refer to a border fort or fortress. |
| Sundanese | "Nkuatkeun" also means "to make (someone) strong" and "to be strong." |
| Swahili | "Imarisha" also means "to prosper, to thrive; to bloom," in Kiswahili. |
| Swedish | The Swedish word "stärka" originally meant "to stiffen," and is related to the word "stark" (strong). |
| Tagalog (Filipino) | The word 'palakasin' is derived from the Proto-Malayo-Polynesian word 'palakas', which means 'to make strong' or 'to enforce'. |
| Telugu | The word "బలోపేతం" is derived from the Sanskrit word "बलोपेत" meaning "provided with strength."} |
| Thai | The verb “เสริมสร้าง” ("strengthen") derives from the word “เสริม” ("to prop") and the word “สร้าง” ("to build"} |
| Turkish | "Güçlendirmek" in Turkish comes from the verb "güçlenmek", which means "to become strong" or "to strengthen". |
| Ukrainian | The word "зміцнювати" (strengthen) in Ukrainian is cognate with the Russian word "укреплять" (to strengthen, to fortify), and also has the meaning of "to consolidate". |
| Urdu | "مضبوط کریں" is derived from the Arabic word "ضبط" which means "to control", indicating its usage in the sense of "to gain control over something" or "to make it firm." |
| Uzbek | The word "mustahkamlash" is derived from the Arabic word "mustahkam," meaning "firm" or "strong". |
| Vietnamese | The word "củng cố" also means "to confirm" or "to corroborate". |
| Welsh | The Welsh word 'cryfhau' not only means to strengthen, but can also refer to becoming more confident. |
| Xhosa | The word "yomeleza" can also refer to the act of stabilizing or supporting something, such as a building or a relationship. |
| Yiddish | The word "שטארקן" (shtarken) in Yiddish is derived from the Germanic word "stark", meaning "strong" or "powerful". |
| Yoruba | In archaic Yoruba, "teramo" also means "to grow" or "to multiply." |
| Zulu | The Zulu word "qinisa" originates from the word "qina", meaning "to be firm" or "steady". |
| English | The word "strengthen" derives from the Old English word "strengian," meaning "to make strong or firm." |