Afrikaans vaardigheid | ||
Albanian aftësi | ||
Amharic ችሎታ | ||
Arabic مهارة | ||
Armenian հմտություն | ||
Assamese দক্ষতা | ||
Aymara awilirara | ||
Azerbaijani bacarıq | ||
Bambara dɔnko | ||
Basque trebetasuna | ||
Belarusian майстэрства | ||
Bengali দক্ষতা | ||
Bhojpuri कौशल | ||
Bosnian vještina | ||
Bulgarian умение | ||
Catalan habilitat | ||
Cebuano kahanas | ||
Chinese (Simplified) 技能 | ||
Chinese (Traditional) 技能 | ||
Corsican cumpetenza | ||
Croatian vještina | ||
Czech dovednost | ||
Danish evne | ||
Dhivehi ހުނަރު | ||
Dogri हुनर | ||
Dutch vaardigheid | ||
English skill | ||
Esperanto lerteco | ||
Estonian oskus | ||
Ewe aɖaŋuwɔwɔ | ||
Filipino (Tagalog) kasanayan | ||
Finnish taito | ||
French compétence | ||
Frisian feardigens | ||
Galician habilidade | ||
Georgian უნარი | ||
German fertigkeit | ||
Greek επιδεξιότητα | ||
Guarani katupyry | ||
Gujarati કુશળતા | ||
Haitian Creole konpetans | ||
Hausa fasaha | ||
Hawaiian mākau | ||
Hebrew מְיוּמָנוּת | ||
Hindi कौशल | ||
Hmong kev txawj | ||
Hungarian készség | ||
Icelandic hæfni | ||
Igbo nka | ||
Ilocano ammo nga aramiden | ||
Indonesian ketrampilan | ||
Irish scil | ||
Italian abilità | ||
Japanese スキル | ||
Javanese katrampilan | ||
Kannada ಕೌಶಲ್ಯ | ||
Kazakh шеберлік | ||
Khmer ជំនាញ | ||
Kinyarwanda ubuhanga | ||
Konkani कौशल्य | ||
Korean 기술 | ||
Krio skil | ||
Kurdish jîrî | ||
Kurdish (Sorani) کارامەیی | ||
Kyrgyz чеберчилик | ||
Lao ທັກສະ | ||
Latin scientia | ||
Latvian prasme | ||
Lingala mayele | ||
Lithuanian įgūdžių | ||
Luganda eby'emikono | ||
Luxembourgish fäegkeet | ||
Macedonian вештина | ||
Maithili गुण | ||
Malagasy fahaizana | ||
Malay kemahiran | ||
Malayalam നൈപുണ്യം | ||
Maltese ħila | ||
Maori pūkenga | ||
Marathi कौशल्य | ||
Meiteilon (Manipuri) ꯃꯍꯩ ꯃꯁꯤꯡ | ||
Mizo thiamna | ||
Mongolian ур чадвар | ||
Myanmar (Burmese) ကျွမ်းကျင်မှု | ||
Nepali सीप | ||
Norwegian ferdighet | ||
Nyanja (Chichewa) luso | ||
Odia (Oriya) ଦକ୍ଷତା | ||
Oromo dandeettii | ||
Pashto مهارت | ||
Persian مهارت | ||
Polish umiejętność | ||
Portuguese (Portugal, Brazil) habilidade | ||
Punjabi ਹੁਨਰ | ||
Quechua yachay | ||
Romanian pricepere | ||
Russian умение | ||
Samoan tomai | ||
Sanskrit कौशलं | ||
Scots Gaelic sgil | ||
Sepedi bokgoni | ||
Serbian вештина | ||
Sesotho tsebo | ||
Shona hunyanzvi | ||
Sindhi مهارت | ||
Sinhala (Sinhalese) දක්ෂතාව | ||
Slovak zručnosť | ||
Slovenian spretnost | ||
Somali xirfad | ||
Spanish habilidad | ||
Sundanese kaparigelan | ||
Swahili ujuzi | ||
Swedish skicklighet | ||
Tagalog (Filipino) kasanayan | ||
Tajik маҳорат | ||
Tamil திறன் | ||
Tatar осталык | ||
Telugu నైపుణ్యం | ||
Thai ทักษะ | ||
Tigrinya ክእለት | ||
Tsonga xikili | ||
Turkish beceri | ||
Turkmen ussatlygy | ||
Twi (Akan) nimdeɛ | ||
Ukrainian майстерність | ||
Urdu مہارت | ||
Uyghur ماھارەت | ||
Uzbek mahorat | ||
Vietnamese kỹ năng | ||
Welsh medr | ||
Xhosa ubuchule | ||
Yiddish בקיעס | ||
Yoruba ogbon | ||
Zulu ikhono |
| Language | Etymology / Notes |
|---|---|
| Afrikaans | The Afrikaans word "vaardigheid" derives from the Dutch word "vaardigheid", which means "skill, ability, proficiency, aptitude, expertise, competence, capability, mastery". |
| Albanian | In Albanian, the word "aftësi" can also mean "ability," "capacity," or "talent." |
| Amharic | The term "ችሎታ" can also refer to a skill set or particular aptitude required for a specific task or profession and can hold both positive and negative connotations. |
| Arabic | The Arabic word "مهارة" also denotes "acuteness" or "sharpness," which connects to its original meaning of "a sharp edge." |
| Armenian | The Armenian word |
| Azerbaijani | The word "bacarıq" in Azerbaijani is derived from the Persian word "bakhreh", meaning "aptitude" or "ability". |
| Basque | The Basque word "trebetasuna" derives from the Latin word "tres" (three) and the suffix "-tasuna" (quality), implying the idea of "three abilities" or "multifaceted skill". |
| Belarusian | The word "майстэрства" also has a root related to the word "master", derived from the Latin word "magister", meaning "teacher". |
| Bengali | "দক্ষতা" (skill) is derived from the Sanskrit root "daksha," meaning "capable," and also refers to the right hand or the south direction. |
| Bosnian | "Vještina" originally meant "property", "estate", or "landholding" in Old Slavic, and it still has that meaning in some Slavic languages. |
| Bulgarian | The word "умение" has a second meaning in Bulgarian: "know-how." |
| Catalan | The word "habilitat" in Catalan also means "ability" or "capability". |
| Cebuano | "Kahanas" also means "cojones" (testicles) in Spanish and can be used to describe bravery or determination. |
| Chinese (Simplified) | The word "技能" in Chinese can also refer to "knack" or "ability". |
| Chinese (Traditional) | In addition to "skill," 技能 also refers to "the ability to use knowledge and experience to complete a task." |
| Corsican | The Corsican word "cumpetenza" derives from the Latin word "competentia", which had the same meaning. |
| Croatian | "Vještina" can also refer to cunning or dexterity in Croatian. |
| Czech | The word "dovednost" also means "competence", "ability", and "proficiency" in Czech. |
| Danish | The word "evne" is thought to derive from an Old Norse root meaning "ability" or "strength". |
| Dutch | The word "vaardigheid" can also mean "capacity" or "ability". |
| Esperanto | Esperanto "lerteco" comes from "lerta" and shares it in the meaning of being skilful, knowledgeable, but "lerteco" is more of a noun and also shares with "lerno" (learning) the semantic aspect of the knowledge acquisition. |
| Estonian | The word "oskus" is a cognate of the Latin "scius" and the English "skill". |
| Finnish | The Finnish word "taito" derives from the Proto-Uralic word "*tajté", meaning "to be able" or "to know how". |
| French | "Compétence" originally meant "competition" in Latin, and still holds that meaning in French. |
| Frisian | The word 'feardigens' derives from the Old Saxon 'firdagun', meaning 'fit for an army', and also means 'prepared' or 'ready' in Frisian. |
| Galician | The Galician word "habilidade" also means "ability" or "capability" in Portuguese. |
| Georgian | The word "უნარი" also means "ability" and "talent" in Georgian. |
| German | The word "Fertigkeit" can also mean "readiness".} |
| Greek | The noun επιδεξιότητα, meaning skill or dexterity, was derived from the combination of the ancient Greek words επί (epi) meaning "upon, over, on" and δεξιά (dexia) meaning "the right hand". |
| Gujarati | The Gujarati word "કુશળતા" originated from the Sanskrit word "कुशलता" and also means "good conduct" or "well-being" in Gujarati. |
| Haitian Creole | The word "konpetans" in Haitian Creole derives from the French word "compétence" and also means "authority" or "jurisdiction". |
| Hausa | Hausa word "fasaha" also refers to the act of speaking in a persuasive or eloquent manner. |
| Hawaiian | In Hawaiian, "mākau" also means "a cord or line for tying something together". |
| Hebrew | The Hebrew word "מְיוּמָנוּת" "skill " is related to the word "ימן" meaning "right," as in "right hand" and connotes proficiency in craftmanship. |
| Hindi | The word "कौशल" is derived from the Sanskrit word "कुशल" meaning "clever" or "expert". |
| Hmong | The word "kev txawj" in Hmong ultimately derives from the Proto-Austroasiatic word for "know". |
| Hungarian | "Készség" originally meant "preparation" in Hungarian, emphasizing the deliberate effort and training required to develop proficiency. |
| Icelandic | The word "hæfni" derives from the Old Norse word "hæfa," meaning "to raise" or "to elevate." |
| Igbo | "Nka" can also mean "to make" or "to do" in Igbo. |
| Indonesian | The word 'ketrampilan' is derived from the Sanskrit word 'karmapala', meaning 'the fruit of work'. |
| Irish | The word "scil" in Irish is derived from an extinct verb "selimm" meaning "to cut" or "to carve". |
| Italian | The Latin root of the word "abilità" is "habilitas," which means "the ability to do something". |
| Japanese | The word "スキル" (skill) is derived from the Dutch word "schil," meaning "peel" or "husk," and originally referred to the ability to strip bark from trees. |
| Javanese | While 'katrampilan' in Indonesian means 'skill', in Javanese it also means 'ability' or 'expertise'. |
| Kannada | ಕೌಶಲ್ಯ derives from 'ಕುಶಲ' (kushala) meaning dexterity or ability, also referring to the revered sage Vishwamitra who was known for his archery and military prowess. |
| Kazakh | Sheberlik also means 'master' and derives from Arabic through Persian - where it denotes 'skillful, expert, wise'. |
| Khmer | The word "ជំនាញ" can also mean "expertise" or "proficiency". |
| Korean | The word "기술" (gi-sul) in Korean originally meant "knowledge" or "art" and is related to the Chinese word "技藝" (jìyì), which means "skill" or "craft". |
| Kurdish | Kurmanji Kurdish "jîrî" is a loanword from Persian "jari", ultimately going back to Old Persian (Avestan) "jari-", meaning ""hand", thus "skill". |
| Kyrgyz | The word "чеберчилик" in Kyrgyz is derived from the Persian word "چهار چوب" (chehār chūb), meaning "four sides" or "frame". It originally referred to the skill of constructing wooden frames for buildings, and later came to mean "skill" in general. |
| Lao | The Lao word ທັກສະ (skill) comes from the Sanskrit word दक्ष (dakṣa), which means "capable" or "efficient". |
| Latin | The Latin word 'scientia' derives from 'scire', 'to know', and can also refer to knowledge or understanding. |
| Latvian | The word "prasme" in Latvian can also refer to the ability to do something with ease and proficiency or a particular talent. |
| Lithuanian | The word "įgūdžių" is related to the Proto-Indo-European word "*gʰedh-", meaning "to grasp, to hold, to conquer". |
| Luxembourgish | The word "Fäegkeet" ultimately derives from the Middle High German "veckede", meaning "skill, ability". It is also used figuratively to refer to cunning or craftiness. |
| Macedonian | The Macedonian word "вештина" also means "knowledge", which has a similar etymology in many Slavic languages |
| Malagasy | "FAHAIZANA" is derived from the root word "FAHIZY" which also means "skill" or "competence". |
| Malay | The word 'kemahiran' can also refer to proficiency, competence, or expertise in a particular area or skillset. |
| Maltese | "Ħila" can also mean "way", "manner" or "method". |
| Maori | Pūkenga also refers to the Māori concept of expertise, encompassing both traditional knowledge and contemporary skills. |
| Marathi | The word "कौशल्य" in Marathi is derived from the Sanskrit word "कुशल", meaning "dexterous" or "proficient". |
| Mongolian | "Ур чадвар" can also refer to expertise or proficiency. |
| Nepali | The word "सीप" in Nepali can also mean "pearl". |
| Norwegian | The word "ferdighet" is derived from the Old Norse word "ferðigr", meaning "ready" or "prepared". |
| Nyanja (Chichewa) | In some contexts, "luso" may refer to a person who is "skilled," or to the "skill" itself. |
| Pashto | The word "مهارت" in Pashto also means "knowledge" or "expertise." |
| Persian | مهارت also means 'ability, competence, expertness, adeptness, proficiency' |
| Polish | The word "umiejętność" (skill in Polish) is derived from the Proto-Slavic word *umêti (to know, be able), which is also the origin of the English word "can" and the Russian word "уметь" (umet', to know how to do something). |
| Portuguese (Portugal, Brazil) | The word "habilidade" in Portuguese also means "ability", "capacity" or "competence". |
| Punjabi | The word 'ਹੁਨਰ' is derived from the Middle Persian word 'hunar', meaning 'wisdom', 'knowledge', or 'art'. |
| Romanian | The Romanian word "pricepere" originally meant "understanding" but acquired its modern meaning of "skill" in the 18th century. |
| Russian | The word "умение" derives from the Old Russian "уметь" (to know how to), from the Proto-Slavic root *umēti, from the Proto-Indo-European root *em- "to know", hence also “wisdom”. |
| Samoan | The etymology of "tomai" may derive from the Proto-Polynesian word "*tama", which means "courage, daring, boldness". |
| Scots Gaelic | Sgil in Scots Gaelic can also refer to "understanding" or "intelligence." |
| Serbian | The word "вештина" originates from the Proto-Slavic word "*vьstь", meaning "know-how" or "ability". |
| Sesotho | "Tsebo" may derive from the term "tseba," meaning "to cut," reflecting the idea of honing one's abilities to a precise and efficient level. |
| Sindhi | Sindhi "مهارت" comes from Arabic "مهارة" meaning "art or craft"} |
| Sinhala (Sinhalese) | The word "දක්ෂතාව" is derived from the Sanskrit word "dakṣatā" which means "efficiency, cleverness, or competence". |
| Slovak | The word "zručnosť" is derived from "ruka" (hand), implying that skill is closely tied to manual dexterity. |
| Slovenian | The word "spretnost" in Slovenian can also refer to "agility" or "dexterity". |
| Somali | "Xirfad" comes from the Arabic word "xirfa," which means "profession" or "trade." |
| Spanish | The word "habilidad" also means "ability" or "capability" in Spanish, and it comes from the Latin word "habilitas", meaning "fitness" or "suitability". |
| Sundanese | The word "kaparigelan" can also refer to a person's ability to perform a particular task or activity |
| Swahili | The Swahili word 'ujuzi' also refers to knowledge, expertise, proficiency, and craftsmanship. |
| Swedish | The Swedish word "skicklighet" also refers to a "state of tidiness" or "condition of good order." |
| Tagalog (Filipino) | *Kasanayan* derives from the root word *kaya*, which connotes ability or capability. |
| Tajik | The word "маҳорат" comes from the Arabic word "مهارة" (mahārah), which also means "skill, proficiency, or dexterity." |
| Tamil | The word 'திறன்' (tiṟan) is related to the root word 'திற' (tiṟ), which means 'to open, to reveal, to explain' in Tamil. |
| Telugu | "నైపుణ్యం" derives from Sanskrit "निपुण" meaning skillful, clever, expert, or proficient, and also shares a root with the word "nipuna" meaning "dexterous." |
| Thai | The word "ทักษะ" (skill) derives from the Pali word "dakkha" meaning "ability" or "competence". |
| Turkish | "Beceri" can also mean "ability, talent, competence, expertise, mastery, proficiency" |
| Ukrainian | "Майстерність" in Ukrainian also means "workshop", "art" or "skill required to perform a particular job or task" |
| Urdu | The word "مہارت" (mahārat) in Urdu ultimately derives from the Sanskrit word "मति" (mati), meaning "intelligence" or "understanding". |
| Uzbek | The word "mahorat" in Uzbek ultimately derives from the Persian word "mahārat", meaning "greatness" or "excellence."} |
| Vietnamese | The word "kỹ năng" originally meant "craft" or "profession" and is related to the word "kỹ nghệ" (technology). |
| Welsh | The Welsh word "medr" also means "thought" or "intellect". |
| Xhosa | The Xhosa word 'ubuchule' also refers to the ability to manipulate spiritual forces, implying a deeper understanding of the natural and supernatural worlds. |
| Yiddish | The word "בקיעס" (skill) is derived from the Hebrew word "בקיעה" (a rift), suggesting that it is a quality that allows one to navigate or overcome obstacles. |
| Yoruba | The word "ogbon" in Yoruba also means "wisdom" or "knowledge," highlighting the connection between skill and intellect in the Yoruba worldview. |
| Zulu | "Ikhono" can refer to knowledge or the ability to do something with excellence. |
| English | The word 'skill' derives from Old Norse 'skil' meaning 'discernment' and is also related to 'skull', the bony covering protecting the brain. |