Severe in Different Languages
Discover 'Severe' in 134 Languages: Dive into Translations, Hear Pronunciations, and Uncover Cultural Insights.
Severe
Afrikaans ernstig | ||
Albanian të rënda | ||
Amharic ከባድ | ||
Arabic شديد | ||
Armenian ծանր | ||
Assamese অতিশয় | ||
Aymara siwiru | ||
Azerbaijani ağır | ||
Bambara juguman | ||
Basque larria | ||
Belarusian цяжкая | ||
Bengali গুরুতর | ||
Bhojpuri गम्हीर | ||
Bosnian ozbiljno | ||
Bulgarian тежък | ||
Catalan greu | ||
Cebuano grabe | ||
Chinese (Simplified) 严重 | ||
Chinese (Traditional) 嚴重 | ||
Corsican severu | ||
Croatian ozbiljna | ||
Czech těžké | ||
Danish alvorlig | ||
Dhivehi ގަދަފަދަ | ||
Dogri डाहडा | ||
Dutch erge, ernstige | ||
English severe | ||
Esperanto severa | ||
Estonian raske | ||
Ewe seŋu | ||
Filipino (Tagalog) malala | ||
Finnish vakava | ||
French sévère | ||
Frisian strang | ||
Galician grave | ||
Georgian მძიმე | ||
German stark | ||
Greek αυστηρός | ||
Guarani ivaietereíva | ||
Gujarati ગંભીર | ||
Haitian Creole grav | ||
Hausa mai tsanani | ||
Hawaiian koʻikoʻi loa | ||
Hebrew חָמוּר | ||
Hindi गंभीर | ||
Hmong loj heev | ||
Hungarian szigorú | ||
Icelandic alvarlegur | ||
Igbo siri ike | ||
Ilocano nakaro | ||
Indonesian berat | ||
Irish dian | ||
Italian acuto | ||
Japanese 重度 | ||
Javanese parah | ||
Kannada ತೀವ್ರ | ||
Kazakh ауыр | ||
Khmer ធ្ងន់ធ្ងរ | ||
Kinyarwanda bikabije | ||
Konkani गंभीर | ||
Korean 중증 | ||
Krio siriɔs | ||
Kurdish giran | ||
Kurdish (Sorani) تووند | ||
Kyrgyz катуу | ||
Lao ຮ້າຍແຮງ | ||
Latin gravibus | ||
Latvian smags | ||
Lingala makasi | ||
Lithuanian sunkus | ||
Luganda -ngi | ||
Luxembourgish schwéier | ||
Macedonian тешка | ||
Maithili गंभीर | ||
Malagasy mafy | ||
Malay teruk | ||
Malayalam കഠിനമാണ് | ||
Maltese severa | ||
Maori kino | ||
Marathi तीव्र | ||
Meiteilon (Manipuri) ꯁꯥꯊꯤꯕ | ||
Mizo nasa | ||
Mongolian хүнд | ||
Myanmar (Burmese) ပြင်းထန် | ||
Nepali गम्भीर | ||
Norwegian alvorlig | ||
Nyanja (Chichewa) kwambiri | ||
Odia (Oriya) ଗମ୍ଭୀର | ||
Oromo hammaataa | ||
Pashto سخت | ||
Persian شدید | ||
Polish ciężki: silny | ||
Portuguese (Portugal, Brazil) forte | ||
Punjabi ਗੰਭੀਰ | ||
Quechua nisyu | ||
Romanian severă | ||
Russian тяжелая форма | ||
Samoan ogaoga | ||
Sanskrit अति | ||
Scots Gaelic cruaidh | ||
Sepedi šoro | ||
Serbian озбиљна | ||
Sesotho matla | ||
Shona zvakanyanya | ||
Sindhi شديد | ||
Sinhala (Sinhalese) දරුණු | ||
Slovak ťažké | ||
Slovenian hudo | ||
Somali daran | ||
Spanish grave | ||
Sundanese parah | ||
Swahili kali | ||
Swedish svår | ||
Tagalog (Filipino) matindi | ||
Tajik сахт | ||
Tamil கடுமையானது | ||
Tatar каты | ||
Telugu తీవ్రమైన | ||
Thai รุนแรง | ||
Tigrinya ሓያል | ||
Tsonga hi matimba | ||
Turkish şiddetli | ||
Turkmen agyr | ||
Twi (Akan) emu yɛ den | ||
Ukrainian сильний | ||
Urdu شدید | ||
Uyghur ئېغىر | ||
Uzbek og'ir | ||
Vietnamese dữ dội | ||
Welsh difrifol | ||
Xhosa kakhulu | ||
Yiddish שטרענג | ||
Yoruba àìdá | ||
Zulu ezinzima |
Etymology & Notes
| Language | Etymology / Notes |
|---|---|
| Afrikaans | The Afrikaans word "ernstig" ultimately derives from Middle Dutch "ernst" and Old French "ernest", but also has cognates in Spanish, Catalan, and several other Romance languages. |
| Albanian | The word "të rënda" can also mean "difficulty" or "hardship" in Albanian. |
| Amharic | ከባድ is derived from the root verb "ከበደ" (to make heavy) and can also mean "difficult" or "serious". |
| Arabic | In Arabic, the word "شديد" also means "very" or "strong". |
| Armenian | The Armenian word "ծանր" comes from the Proto-Indo-European root "*ḱer-/*ḱer-s-/, meaning "heavy" or "difficult". |
| Azerbaijani | The word "ağır" also means "heavy" in Azerbaijani, reflecting its multifaceted semantic field. |
| Basque | A variant of "larria" is "laria" meaning "heavy", which may derive from Proto-Basque "*lare" meaning "fat". |
| Bengali | The word "গুরুতর" also means "heavy" or "serious" in Bengali, in addition to its primary meaning of "severe". |
| Bosnian | The word "ozbiljno" comes from the Turkish word "öz", meaning "essence" or "core". It can also mean "serious" or "important". |
| Bulgarian | The word "тежък" shares its root with a word meaning "difficult", "hard". |
| Catalan | "Greu" is derived from Occitan "greu", meaning both "heavy" and "difficult". |
| Cebuano | In Cebuano, "grabe" also means "extremely" or "very much". |
| Chinese (Simplified) | 严重 (yàn zhòng) also means "serious" or "grave" in Chinese. |
| Chinese (Traditional) | "嚴重" can also mean "important" or "solemn" in archaic Chinese. |
| Corsican | Corsican "severu" derives from Latin "SEVERUS" and also means "serious" or "stern". |
| Croatian | "Ozbiljna" comes from the Proto-Slavic word "*ob-zъlbĭnъ", meaning "having a clear or definite form". In modern Croatian, it can also mean "important" or "serious". |
| Czech | The word "těžké" is an adjective meaning "heavy" or "difficult", and is related to the word "tíže" meaning "weight" or "burden." |
| Danish | The word "alvorlig" is derived from the Old Norse word "alvorr," meaning "seriousness" or "gravity." |
| Dutch | The Dutch word "erge" comes from the Old Dutch word "arge" which means "bad" or "evil." |
| Esperanto | The word "severa" is derived from the Latin word "severus" meaning "strict" or "harsh" |
| Estonian | The word "raske" also means "heavy" or "difficult". |
| Finnish | "Vakava" is cognate with "vacancy" and "vague", which are derived from Latin "vacare" (to be empty). |
| French | 'Sévère' may also mean rigorous, earnest, harsh, strict, uncompromising, curt, sharp, critical, grave, solemn, austere, bleak, stern, inflexible |
| Frisian | The word "strang" in Frisian can also mean "strong" or "powerful". |
| Galician | In Galician, “grave” is also a unit of weight (1,000 kg) |
| Georgian | The word "მძიმე" can also refer to a heavy object or burden. |
| German | Stark in German can also mean rigid, stiff, or inflexible. |
| Greek | "Αυστηρός" can also mean "stringent" or "strict" in Greek, emphasizing the intensity or rigidity of something. |
| Gujarati | The Gujarati word "ગંભીર" (pronounced "gambhīr") has alternate meanings in Sanskrit, including "deep," "solemn," and "weighty." |
| Haitian Creole | The word "grav" in Haitian Creole can also mean "heavy" or "serious." |
| Hausa | The word ''mai tsanani'' is also a euphemism for ''snuff''. |
| Hawaiian | In Hawaiian, "koʻikoʻi loa" can also refer to a sharp, cutting pain or a deep, intense emotion. |
| Hebrew | The word "חָמוּר" can also mean "donkey" in Hebrew, originating from the Akkadian word for "donkey" "imēru". |
| Hindi | The word "गंभीर" also means "profound" or "deeply felt". |
| Hmong | "Loj heev" also means "too much" or "to the extreme" in Hmong. |
| Hungarian | "Szigorú" is also an adjective meaning "strict" or "rigorous". |
| Icelandic | The Icelandic word "alvarlegur" can also be used to describe someone or something that is "serious, earnest, solemn, grave or weighty." |
| Igbo | The term 'siri ike' can also refer to a person who is physically strong and robust. |
| Indonesian | Berat can also refer to weight, burden, or importance. |
| Irish | The word "dian" is also used in Irish to describe a sharp pain or pang. |
| Italian | The Italian word "acuto" has an alternate meaning of "high-pitched" and is linked to the Latin word "acus", meaning "needle". |
| Japanese | 重度 is also a Buddhist term meaning "heavy sin" or "grave offense". |
| Javanese | "Parah" in Javanese can also mean "extreme, intense", or "badly damaged". |
| Kannada | The term "ತೀವ್ರ" is an adjective meaning "intense" or "excessive" in Kannada, originating from the Sanskrit word "tīvra" with similar connotations, which is derived from the Indo-European root "tei- " meaning "to sharpen or incite." |
| Kazakh | In addition to its primary meaning of "severe," "ауыр" can also be used to describe something that is heavy, difficult, or challenging in Kazakh. |
| Khmer | "ធ្ងន់ធ្ងរ" (heavy/harsh) has an extended figurative meaning of "severe pain" and "severe punishment." |
| Korean | The word "중증" is derived from Chinese characters meaning "heavy" and "burden". |
| Kurdish | The Kurdish word 'giran' also means 'heaviness', 'pressure', 'hardship' and 'oppression' |
| Kyrgyz | The word "катуу" in Kyrgyz has several alternate meanings, including "hard", "strong", and "firm". |
| Latin | Gravibus derives from the Proto-Indo-European root *ǵʰre- (“to age”) and is also related to the Latin word gravis (“heavy”). |
| Latvian | The Latvian word "smags" has Indo-European roots and is cognate with the English word "slack". |
| Lithuanian | The word "sunkus" may have derived from the Proto-Germanic root "sunquaz", meaning "swollen" or "heavy". |
| Macedonian | The word "тешка" in Macedonian can also mean "difficult", "arduous", or "onerous". |
| Malagasy | "Mafy" can also mean "strict" or "hard". |
| Malay | "Teruk" also means "very" in Kelantanese Malay, as in "very good" or "very delicious." |
| Maltese | Maltese "severa" is cognate with Arabic "shadid", Persian "shadid" and Turkic "sedit", all meaning "strong" or "violent". |
| Maori | Kino also means "ugly" or "unpleasant" in Maori. |
| Marathi | "तीव्र" also means "sharp" and "intense" in Marathi. |
| Mongolian | The word "хүнд" not only reflects negative events, but rather can also mean a "heavy" amount of something positive such as joy or wealth. |
| Nepali | "गम्भीर" is derived from Sanskrit "गम्भीर" and also means "deep" or "grave". |
| Norwegian | The Old Norse root "alvarlig" meant 'serious or earnest,' with the connotation 'grave' from the 17th century. |
| Nyanja (Chichewa) | In Nyanja, "kwambiri" also refers to a person who is harsh or unforgiving. |
| Pashto | The word "سخت" in Pashto can also mean "strong" or "difficult." |
| Persian | The word "شدید" also means "intense" or "excessive" in Persian. |
| Polish | The word "ciężki" also means "heavy" in Polish. |
| Portuguese (Portugal, Brazil) | The word "forte" in Portuguese also means "strong" or "loud". |
| Romanian | The word "severă" is derived from the Latin word "severus" which means "strict or stern". It also has the alternate meaning of "cold" in Romanian, especially when it comes to weather. |
| Russian | The literal meaning of "тяжелая форма" is "heavy form" but this is used figuratively (e.g. in medicine) to express "severe" as if a medical condition carries a lot of "weight" |
| Samoan | The Samoan word 'ogaoga' also means 'to be raw or unripe', and is related to the Polynesian word 'otaota' meaning 'grass' |
| Scots Gaelic | The Scots Gaelic word "cruaidh" also means "hard" or "difficult". |
| Serbian | The word "озбиљна" comes from the Old Slavic word "злобъ", meaning "evil" or "harmful". |
| Sesotho | The word "matla" in Sesotho can also refer to "a strong person" or "a difficult task." |
| Shona | The verb 'zvakanyanya' is also used to describe the action of a sharp object piercing or cutting through something |
| Sindhi | The Sindhi word "شديد" means "severe or intense", or "strict or harsh", but its alternate meaning suggests "fierce and powerful" |
| Sinhala (Sinhalese) | The word "දරුණු" also means "terrible" and "bad" in Sinhala (Sinhalese). |
| Slovak | The Slovak word "ťažké" also means "heavy" or "difficult". |
| Slovenian | The word "hudo" in Slovenian is derived from the Proto-Slavic word "xudъ", which means "evil" or "bad". |
| Somali | The word |
| Spanish | The Spanish word "grave" originally meant "heavy" and is cognate with the English word "grave" (a hole in the ground), as well as with the French word "grève" (a beach). |
| Sundanese | The word "parah" can also refer to something that is very good or excessive. |
| Swahili | In Swahili, "kali" also means "black" or "bad," reflecting the negative connotations associated with darkness. |
| Swedish | The word "svår" is also used in Swedish to describe something that is difficult to understand or do. |
| Tagalog (Filipino) | "Matindi" is derived from the root word "tindi" meaning "intensity" and can also refer to something "serious" or "extraordinary". |
| Tajik | In Persian, “sakhth” means “firm”, “strong”, and “difficult”. |
| Tamil | கடுமையானது originally meant |
| Telugu | తీవ్రమైన also means 'very', 'much', 'great', 'intense', 'strong', 'deep', 'violent', 'sharp', 'acute', 'bitter', 'pungent', 'harsh', 'cruel', 'hard', 'difficult', 'distressing', 'painful', and 'dangerous'. |
| Thai | รุนแรง is derived from 'รุน' (to pull or cause pressure) and 'แรง' (force), and can also refer to causing pressure on something to compel them to do something. |
| Turkish | The word "şiddetli" is derived from the Arabic word "shiddat", meaning "intensiveness" or "violence". |
| Ukrainian | "Сильний" in Ukrainian can also mean "large" or "heavy". |
| Urdu | The word "شدید" also means "hard" or "rough". |
| Uzbek | "Og'ir" has two meanings: severe, serious and heavy, weighty |
| Vietnamese | Dữ dội means "fierce" but is also used ironically to mean "so-so". |
| Welsh | The word "difrifol" in Welsh is derived from the Latin word "difficilis", meaning "difficult" or "hard to do". |
| Xhosa | The word "kakhulu" in Xhosa also means "very much" or "greatly". |
| Yiddish | The word "שטערענג" (shtrange) in Yiddish also means "rigid" or "exacting". |
| Yoruba | Àìdá also means 'difficult or hard' and derives from the Yoruba word 'dán dán' meaning 'firm' or 'stubborn'. |
| Zulu | "Ezinzima" can also refer to a person or animal that is strong and powerful. |
| English | "Severe" comes from the Latin "severus" but can also mean "strict," "harsh," or "somber." |