Afrikaans navorsing | ||
Albanian hulumtim | ||
Amharic ምርምር | ||
Arabic ابحاث | ||
Armenian հետազոտություն | ||
Assamese গৱেষণা | ||
Aymara yatxatäwi | ||
Azerbaijani tədqiqat | ||
Bambara ɲinili | ||
Basque ikerketa | ||
Belarusian даследаванні | ||
Bengali গবেষণা | ||
Bhojpuri शोध | ||
Bosnian istraživanje | ||
Bulgarian изследвания | ||
Catalan recerca | ||
Cebuano panukiduki | ||
Chinese (Simplified) 研究 | ||
Chinese (Traditional) 研究 | ||
Corsican ricerca | ||
Croatian istraživanje | ||
Czech výzkum | ||
Danish forskning | ||
Dhivehi ދިރާސާ | ||
Dogri शोध | ||
Dutch onderzoek | ||
English research | ||
Esperanto esplorado | ||
Estonian uuringud | ||
Ewe numekuku | ||
Filipino (Tagalog) pananaliksik | ||
Finnish tutkimusta | ||
French recherche | ||
Frisian ûndersyk | ||
Galician investigación | ||
Georgian კვლევა | ||
German forschung | ||
Greek έρευνα | ||
Guarani tembikuaareka | ||
Gujarati સંશોધન | ||
Haitian Creole rechèch | ||
Hausa bincike | ||
Hawaiian ʻimi noiʻi | ||
Hebrew מחקר | ||
Hindi अनुसंधान | ||
Hmong kev tshawb nrhiav | ||
Hungarian kutatás | ||
Icelandic rannsóknir | ||
Igbo nyocha | ||
Ilocano sukisok | ||
Indonesian penelitian | ||
Irish taighde | ||
Italian ricerca | ||
Japanese 研究 | ||
Javanese riset | ||
Kannada ಸಂಶೋಧನೆ | ||
Kazakh зерттеу | ||
Khmer ការស្រាវជ្រាវ | ||
Kinyarwanda ubushakashatsi | ||
Konkani संशोधन | ||
Korean 연구 | ||
Krio stɔdi | ||
Kurdish lêkolîn | ||
Kurdish (Sorani) توێژینەوە | ||
Kyrgyz изилдөө | ||
Lao ການຄົ້ນຄວ້າ | ||
Latin investigationem | ||
Latvian izpēte | ||
Lingala bolukiluki | ||
Lithuanian tyrimus | ||
Luganda okunoonyereza | ||
Luxembourgish fuerschung | ||
Macedonian истражување | ||
Maithili अनुसंधान | ||
Malagasy research | ||
Malay penyelidikan | ||
Malayalam ഗവേഷണം | ||
Maltese riċerka | ||
Maori rangahau | ||
Marathi संशोधन | ||
Meiteilon (Manipuri) ꯊꯤꯒꯠꯄ | ||
Mizo zirchianna | ||
Mongolian судалгаа | ||
Myanmar (Burmese) သုတေသန | ||
Nepali अनुसन्धान | ||
Norwegian undersøkelser | ||
Nyanja (Chichewa) kufufuza | ||
Odia (Oriya) ଅନୁସନ୍ଧାନ | | ||
Oromo qo'annoo | ||
Pashto څيړنه | ||
Persian پژوهش | ||
Polish badania | ||
Portuguese (Portugal, Brazil) pesquisa | ||
Punjabi ਖੋਜ | ||
Quechua maskapay | ||
Romanian cercetare | ||
Russian исследование | ||
Samoan suʻesuʻega | ||
Sanskrit अनुसंधानम् | ||
Scots Gaelic rannsachadh | ||
Sepedi dinyakišišo | ||
Serbian истраживања | ||
Sesotho etsa lipatlisiso | ||
Shona tsvakurudzo | ||
Sindhi تحقيق | ||
Sinhala (Sinhalese) පර්යේෂණ | ||
Slovak výskum | ||
Slovenian raziskave | ||
Somali cilmi baaris | ||
Spanish investigación | ||
Sundanese panilitian | ||
Swahili utafiti | ||
Swedish forskning | ||
Tagalog (Filipino) pananaliksik | ||
Tajik тадқиқот | ||
Tamil ஆராய்ச்சி | ||
Tatar тикшеренүләр | ||
Telugu పరిశోధన | ||
Thai การวิจัย | ||
Tigrinya ፅንዓት | ||
Tsonga ndzavisiso | ||
Turkish araştırma | ||
Turkmen gözleg | ||
Twi (Akan) hwehwɛ mu | ||
Ukrainian дослідження | ||
Urdu تحقیق | ||
Uyghur research | ||
Uzbek tadqiqot | ||
Vietnamese nghiên cứu | ||
Welsh ymchwil | ||
Xhosa uphando | ||
Yiddish פאָרשונג | ||
Yoruba iwadi | ||
Zulu ucwaningo |
| Language | Etymology / Notes |
|---|---|
| Afrikaans | The Afrikaans word "navorsing" is cognate with the Dutch "nauwkeurig" and German "nachforschen," both meaning "to investigate thoroughly". |
| Albanian | Hulumtim is derived from the Proto-Albanian word *hulumt-, which also means "to search". This word is probably related to the Proto-Indo-European root *kel-, which means "to dig". |
| Amharic | The word ምርምር also means 'reflection'. |
| Arabic | It derives from an infinitive which means 'to seek (knowledge)'. |
| Azerbaijani | The word "tədqiqat" also means "investigation" or "inquiry" in Azerbaijani. |
| Basque | Ikerketa's etymology is 'to observe carefully', and in old texts appears also as 'observation'. |
| Bengali | গবেষণা can also mean 'to look into', 'to check into', or 'investigation' |
| Bosnian | The word 'istraživanje' comes from the verb 'istrati', which means 'to investigate'. |
| Bulgarian | Bulgarian word изследвания means also exploration, studies, investigations. |
| Catalan | The word "recerca" in Catalan is rooted in the Old French "recerchier," meaning "to search for," and can also be used in a legal context as "to investigate." |
| Cebuano | Panukiduki is also a term used for 'interrogation,' from Spanish 'interrogar' (to question). |
| Chinese (Simplified) | 研究 (research) in Chinese is a combination of 研 (yán) which means 'study, investigate' and 究 (jiù) which means 'thorough exploration' or 'to pursue to the end'. |
| Chinese (Traditional) | In addition, the word "研究" can also mean "investigation" or "study". |
| Corsican | The Corsican word "ricerca" originally meant "request". |
| Croatian | The word "istraživanje" can also mean "investigation" or "inquisition" in Croatian. |
| Czech | The Czech word "výzkum" comes from the Old Czech verb "výskati", meaning "to jump out" or "to discover". |
| Danish | In addition to meaning "research," "forskning" is also the name for the Danish band behind the disco hit "Lille Lise." |
| Dutch | The Dutch word "Onderzoek" translates directly to "under search" and can also refer to an inquiry or examination. |
| Esperanto | The Esperanto word "esplorado" comes from the Esperanto word "esplori", which means "to explore". |
| Estonian | The word "uuringud" can also refer to an investigation or a review. |
| Finnish | The Finnish word "tutkimusta" also refers to a specific phase in a Finnish sauna session where water is poured onto hot rocks to create steam. |
| French | In French, 'recherche' also means 'elaborate' or 'refined'. |
| Frisian | The word "ûndersyk" is derived from the Middle Dutch word "ondersoek", which means "investigation". |
| Galician | In Galician, "investigación" can also refer to a legal proceeding, such as a trial or inquiry. |
| Georgian | The word 'კვლევა' also carries the meanings of 'inquiry' and 'examination'. |
| German | The word "Forschung" is derived from the Old High German word "forschen", which means "to search" or "to investigate". |
| Greek | Έρευνα (ér-ev-na): A derivative of the verb “ερευνώ” (ereunó / to explore, to investigate), sharing roots with the words “οράω” (oráo / to see, to gaze at) and “όραμα” (órama / vision, view). |
| Gujarati | "સંશોધન" ultimately derives from the Sanskrit word "शोधन" (śōdhana) meaning "purifying", "cleansing", or "investigating". |
| Haitian Creole | The Haitian Creole term 'rechèch' derives from the French 'recherche', meaning 'investigation' or 'inquiry'. |
| Hausa | The word "bincike" is derived from the Arabic word "baḥth", meaning "investigation" or "inquiry". |
| Hawaiian | ʻimi noiʻi likely means 'to seek and obtain knowledge' |
| Hebrew | The word "מחקר" in Hebrew can also refer to a type of Torah commentary that explores hidden or allegorical meanings in the text. |
| Hindi | The Sanskrit root 'anusandhi' means 'to follow up' or 'to pursue', denoting the investigative and analytical nature of research. |
| Hmong | The first word "kev tshawb nrhiav" translates to "asking, investigating, seeking", but its second meaning is "knowledge" |
| Hungarian | The word "kutatás" is derived from the verb "kutat", which means "to search" or "to explore". |
| Icelandic | The word "rannsóknir" in Icelandic derives from the Old Norse word "rannsaka", meaning "to examine" or "to investigate". |
| Igbo | The Igbo word 'nyocha' is derived from the verb 'nụcha', which means 'to uncover or expose'. |
| Indonesian | The word “penelitian” can also mean an investigation or a survey. |
| Irish | The Irish word "taighde" is cognate with the English word "tidy," and originally referred to setting a house in order, hence its extension to the meaning of "research." |
| Italian | "Ricerca" is also the Italian word for "inquisitive". |
| Japanese | The word "研究" (kenkyū) in Japanese originates from the Chinese phrase "研精究理" (kenshōkyūri), meaning "to seek knowledge and investigate principles." |
| Javanese | In Javanese, 'riset' can also refer to a type of traditional agricultural labor that involves clearing land for farming. |
| Kannada | The word "ಸಂಶೋಧನೆ" (sāṃśōdhana) in Kannada derives from the Sanskrit word "संशोधन" (saṃśodhana), meaning "thorough examination" or "investigation". |
| Kazakh | The word "зерттеу" is also used to refer to the act of studying or investigating something. |
| Khmer | The Khmer word "ការស្រាវជ្រាវ" also has a broader meaning of "examination" or "analysis", encompassing intellectual and scientific pursuits beyond scientific research. |
| Korean | The word "연구" can also mean "cultivation" or "study" depending on the context in which it is used. |
| Kurdish | The Kurdish word "lêkolîn" is derived from the Persian word "tahqîq", which itself is derived from the Arabic word "taḥqīq" meaning "investigation" or "inquiring into". |
| Kyrgyz | The Kyrgyz word "изилдөө" ultimately derives from the Persian "ژرف" ("deep"), which also gave the word "depth" to English. |
| Lao | "การค้นคว้า" is a loanword from Thai that combines the words "การหา" ("search") and "คว้า" ("grasp"). |
| Latin | Investigationem is a Latin word derived from the verb "investigare," meaning "to track or trace," and can also refer to a formal inquiry or examination. |
| Latvian | The word "izpēte" is derived from the verb "izpētīt," which means "to investigate" or "to study." |
| Lithuanian | The word "tyrimus" is derived from the Latin word "tirocinium," which means "apprenticeship" or "probation." |
| Luxembourgish | The Luxembourgish word "Fuerschung" (research) is derived from the German word "Forschung" with the same meaning, and is unrelated to the French word "recherche" (research). |
| Macedonian | The Macedonian word “истражување” derives from the verb “истражувати” which means |
| Malagasy | In Malagasy, the word "fikarohana" also means "investigation" or "exploration". |
| Malay | The Indonesian word 'penyelidikan' can also refer to 'an examination of someone's reputation, actions, or beliefs'. |
| Malayalam | The Malayalam word "ഗവേഷണം" is derived from the Sanskrit word "गवेषण" (gaveṣaṇa), which means "searching" or "investigation". |
| Maltese | "Riċerka" is derived from the Italian word "ricerca," meaning "investigation" or "inquiry." |
| Maori | Rangahau can also mean to explore, investigate, examine, or inquire. |
| Marathi | The word "संशोधन" (research) in Marathi is derived from the Sanskrit word "संशोधन" (investigation, examination), which itself comes from the root words "सं-" (with, together) and "शोधन" (searching). |
| Mongolian | The word "судалгаа" is derived from the verb "судах", meaning "to examine, investigate, or inquire." |
| Myanmar (Burmese) | သုတေသန (research) originates from the Sanskrit word "sruta" (heard) and "eshana" (seeking) meaning "the pursuit of knowledge through listening". |
| Nepali | The word "अनुसन्धान" can also mean "pursuit", "investigation", or "examination" in Nepali. |
| Norwegian | The term 'undersøkelser' can also refer to investigations, inquiries, or examinations. |
| Nyanja (Chichewa) | Kufufuza in Nyanja can also mean to investigate, examine, or search for. |
| Pashto | The word "څيړنه" comes from the root word "څيرل" meaning "to investigate" or "to examine". |
| Persian | The Persian word "پژوهش" comes from the Middle Persian word "pužākišn" or "pužālišn", which means "searching out, investigating". |
| Polish | Badania is related to badacz ("researcher") from the Polish word badać ("to research"), and in Old Slavic this is connected to bod-ti ("to stay awake at night") and bъditi ("to awake"). |
| Portuguese (Portugal, Brazil) | The Portuguese word "pesquisa" originally meant "inquiry" or "investigation", and it is derived from the Latin word "perquirere", meaning "to seek out" or "to inquire". |
| Punjabi | The word "ਖੋਜ" (khoj) is derived from the Sanskrit root "khuj," meaning "to dig up, explore, or search." |
| Romanian | The Romanian word |
| Russian | The Russian word 'исследование' can also refer to an 'exploration' or 'examination'. |
| Samoan | In Samoan, "suʻesuʻega" can also refer to "investigation" or "inquiry." |
| Scots Gaelic | Rannsachadh is also a term for a type of traditional Gaelic storytelling. |
| Serbian | The word "истраживања" can also mean "investigations" or "studies". |
| Sesotho | The word "etsa lipatlisiso" could also be translated as "investigation", "inquiry" or "examination", highlighting the broader sense of research beyond mere fact-finding. |
| Shona | The word "tsvakurudzo" is also used to refer to "investigations" or "inquiries" in Shona. |
| Sindhi | The Sindhi word "تحقيق" also means "investigation" and "inquiry." |
| Sinhala (Sinhalese) | The word "පර්යේෂණ" (research) is derived from the Sanskrit word "परीक्षण" (parikshana), meaning "examination" or "investigation". |
| Slovak | In Slovak, the word "výskum" can also refer to "scrutiny" or "examination" |
| Slovenian | The Slovene word "raziskave" comes from the Proto-Indo-European word *reǵ-sk-, meaning to split apart, which is also the origin of the English word "research." |
| Somali | In the past this word also meant a "message", "messenger," or "ambassador" |
| Spanish | "Investigación" can also refer to the medical office of a doctor or the act of visiting such an office. |
| Sundanese | The term "panilitian" in Sundanese comes from the word "tiliti" which means "to examine or investigate". |
| Swahili | The word "utafiti" is derived from the Swahili verb "tafuta," meaning "to search" or "to investigate." |
| Swedish | "Forskning" derives from the Old Scandinavian term "forskan", which translates in modern English to "to investigate". |
| Tagalog (Filipino) | "Pananaliksik" originates from the verb "saliksik" meaning "to examine," and the prefix "pana-" meaning "to perform." |
| Tajik | The Tajik word "тадқиқот" is derived from the Arabic word "تحقيق", which means "investigation" or "inquiry". |
| Tamil | "ஆராய்ச்சி" means "search, investigation, inquiry, examination, exploration, scrutiny, research." and originated from the Middle Tamil word "ஆராய்தல்" (ārāytal), meaning "to search, to examine, to inquire." |
| Thai | The word "การวิจัย" comes from the Sanskrit word "विजृम्भ" (vijṛmbh), meaning "to discover" or "to investigate." |
| Turkish | The verb 'araştırma' comes from 'araştır', a compound word of 'aramak' (to search) and the noun 'araş' (inquiry) that entered the language from Persian. |
| Ukrainian | In Slavic languages, "дослідження" originally meant "investigation" and was used in a legal context. |
| Urdu | The word "تحقیق" comes from the Arabic root "حقق", meaning "to investigate" or "to seek truth". |
| Uzbek | In Uzbek, tadqiqot is also a homophone of tadqiq which means "interrogation," "investigation". |
| Vietnamese | The word "nghiên cứu" can also mean "to study" or "to investigate". |
| Welsh | "Ymchwil" derives from "ym" (around) and "chwilio" (seek), implying a comprehensive search or investigation. |
| Xhosa | The Xhosa word 'uphando' also means 'investigation' or 'scientific inquiry'. |
| Yiddish | The Yiddish word "פאָרשונג" comes from the German word "Forschung," which in turn comes from the Latin word "forschen," meaning "to search" or "to examine." |
| Yoruba | The word 'iwadi' in Yoruba also means "observation" or "examination", capturing the notion of actively investigating something. |
| Zulu | The Zulu word "ucwaningo" also means "discovery" or "investigation." |
| English | The word "research" originates from the Middle French "recerchier" meaning "to search again". |