Afrikaans leser | ||
Albanian lexues | ||
Amharic አንባቢ | ||
Arabic قارئ | ||
Armenian ընթերցող | ||
Assamese পাঠক | ||
Aymara ullart’iri | ||
Azerbaijani oxucu | ||
Bambara kalanden | ||
Basque irakurle | ||
Belarusian чытач | ||
Bengali পাঠক | ||
Bhojpuri पाठक के बा | ||
Bosnian čitaoče | ||
Bulgarian четец | ||
Catalan lector | ||
Cebuano magbabasa | ||
Chinese (Simplified) 读者 | ||
Chinese (Traditional) 讀者 | ||
Corsican lettore | ||
Croatian čitač | ||
Czech čtenář | ||
Danish læser | ||
Dhivehi ކިޔުންތެރިޔާއެވެ | ||
Dogri पाठक जी | ||
Dutch lezer | ||
English reader | ||
Esperanto leganto | ||
Estonian lugeja | ||
Ewe nuxlẽla | ||
Filipino (Tagalog) mambabasa | ||
Finnish lukija | ||
French lecteur | ||
Frisian lêzer | ||
Galician lector | ||
Georgian მკითხველი | ||
German leser | ||
Greek αναγνώστης | ||
Guarani moñe’ẽhára | ||
Gujarati વાચક | ||
Haitian Creole lektè | ||
Hausa mai karatu | ||
Hawaiian mea heluhelu | ||
Hebrew קוֹרֵא | ||
Hindi रीडर | ||
Hmong nyeem ntawv | ||
Hungarian olvasó | ||
Icelandic lesandi | ||
Igbo ogugu | ||
Ilocano agbasbasa | ||
Indonesian pembaca | ||
Irish léitheoir | ||
Italian lettore | ||
Japanese 読者 | ||
Javanese pamaca | ||
Kannada ರೀಡರ್ | ||
Kazakh оқырман | ||
Khmer អ្នកអាន | ||
Kinyarwanda umusomyi | ||
Konkani वाचक | ||
Korean 리더 | ||
Krio pɔsin we de rid | ||
Kurdish xwîner | ||
Kurdish (Sorani) خوێنەر | ||
Kyrgyz окурман | ||
Lao ຜູ້ອ່ານ | ||
Latin lectorem | ||
Latvian lasītājs | ||
Lingala motángi | ||
Lithuanian skaitytojas | ||
Luganda omusomi | ||
Luxembourgish lieser | ||
Macedonian читач | ||
Maithili पाठक | ||
Malagasy mpamaky | ||
Malay pembaca | ||
Malayalam വായനക്കാരൻ | ||
Maltese qarrej | ||
Maori kaipānui | ||
Marathi वाचक | ||
Meiteilon (Manipuri) ꯄꯥꯔꯤꯕꯁꯤꯡ꯫ | ||
Mizo chhiartu | ||
Mongolian уншигч | ||
Myanmar (Burmese) စာဖတ်သူကို | ||
Nepali पाठक | ||
Norwegian leser | ||
Nyanja (Chichewa) wowerenga | ||
Odia (Oriya) ପାଠକ | ||
Oromo dubbisaa | ||
Pashto لوستونکی | ||
Persian خواننده | ||
Polish czytelnik | ||
Portuguese (Portugal, Brazil) leitor | ||
Punjabi ਪਾਠਕ | ||
Quechua ñawinchaq | ||
Romanian cititor | ||
Russian читатель | ||
Samoan tagata faitau | ||
Sanskrit पाठकः | ||
Scots Gaelic leughadair | ||
Sepedi mmadi | ||
Serbian читаоче | ||
Sesotho 'mali | ||
Shona muverengi | ||
Sindhi پڙهندڙ | ||
Sinhala (Sinhalese) පා er කයා | ||
Slovak čitateľ | ||
Slovenian bralec | ||
Somali aqriste | ||
Spanish lector | ||
Sundanese pamaca | ||
Swahili msomaji | ||
Swedish läsare | ||
Tagalog (Filipino) mambabasa | ||
Tajik хонанда | ||
Tamil வாசகர் | ||
Tatar укучы | ||
Telugu రీడర్ | ||
Thai ผู้อ่าน | ||
Tigrinya ኣንባቢ | ||
Tsonga muhlayi | ||
Turkish okuyucu | ||
Turkmen okyjy | ||
Twi (Akan) ɔkenkanfo | ||
Ukrainian читач | ||
Urdu پڑھنے والا | ||
Uyghur ئوقۇرمەن | ||
Uzbek o'quvchi | ||
Vietnamese người đọc | ||
Welsh darllenydd | ||
Xhosa umfundi | ||
Yiddish לייענער | ||
Yoruba olukawe | ||
Zulu umfundi |
| Language | Etymology / Notes |
|---|---|
| Afrikaans | The loan word leser in Afrikaans derives from the German Leser meaning reader, and is used in a similar way to lezer in Dutch. |
| Albanian | In Albanian, "lexues" also means "student" or "pupil", derived from the Latin "lector" meaning "one who reads". |
| Amharic | "አንባቢ" (reader) also refers to a type of Ethiopian song that accompanies the liturgical chant of the zema (psalms). |
| Arabic | Arabic "قارئ" can also refer to a Muslim scholar who specializes in Islamic Quranic recitation, leading prayers, and religious services. |
| Azerbaijani | "Oxucu" also means "educated" in Azerbaijani, which reflects the importance placed on literacy and education in Azerbaijani culture. |
| Basque | The word also carries the meaning of "to understand, read" in the sense of understanding or comprehending something, as in "irakurri diot zure liburua" ("I understood your book"). |
| Belarusian | The word "чытач" comes from the Proto-Slavic *čitati, meaning "to read" or "to count." |
| Bengali | পাঠক refers to a 'reader' in Bengali, but it also refers to a 'reciter' or 'scholar'. |
| Bosnian | The word "čitaoče" can also be used to refer to a literary magazine, particularly one targeting young audiences |
| Bulgarian | The word "четец" can also refer to a type of early medieval Bulgarian Orthodox priest. |
| Catalan | Catalan "lector" can also mean a reader or book review in a magazine or newspaper, from the French.} |
| Cebuano | In Cebuano, "magbabasa" also means "to study" or "to learn". |
| Chinese (Simplified) | 读者 (dúzhě) originally meant "to read aloud" in Old Chinese, and its second meaning of "a person who reads" was only derived later. |
| Chinese (Traditional) | 讀 (读), the first character in 讀者 (reader), also has a second tone pronunciation, 'dú', which means 'gain' or 'understand'. |
| Corsican | In Corsican, lettore also refers to a secular cantor who leads the singing of religious texts during ceremonies. |
| Croatian | The Croatian word "čitač" is also used to refer to a scanning device, such as a barcode reader. |
| Czech | The word "čtenář" (reader) also means "subscriber" in Czech. |
| Danish | The word "læser" is related to the Old Norse word "lesa", meaning "to pick up" or "to collect". |
| Dutch | Lezen derives from Middle Dutch lesen "to pick up" and is related to "lesen" in German, "to choose". |
| Esperanto | The word "leganto" is derived from the Esperanto word "legi", meaning "to read" or "to study". |
| Estonian | The word "lugeja" can also refer to a person who reads aloud or a person who reads professional literature. |
| Finnish | Lukija, a Finnish word for "reader" also means "literate person" or "educated person." |
| French | In archaic French, "lecteur" also designates the stand on which the choir books were placed during religious ceremonies. |
| Frisian | The Frisian word "lêzer" can also refer to a "lecturer" or a "reciter", highlighting the broader semantic range of the word beyond its primary meaning of "reader". |
| Galician | In Galician, "lector" can also refer to a university professor who teaches literature or linguistics. |
| Georgian | The Georgian word მკითხველი, meaning "reader," is also used in the context of a religious or spiritual text to refer to a priest who leads or recites the text |
| German | The word "Leser" comes from the Middle High German word "leser," which means "one who reads aloud". |
| Greek | The word "αναγνώστης" can also refer to a lay person who reads the scriptures in a religious service, or to a person who reads aloud to others. |
| Gujarati | "વાચક" is also a term for a priest who recites holy texts during religious ceremonies, derived from the Sanskrit word "vācaka," meaning "speaker" or "reciter." |
| Haitian Creole | The word "lektè" in Haitian Creole can also refer to a public orator or someone who reads aloud in church. |
| Hausa | The term 'mai karatu' is formed from two individual words 'mai' meaning 'owner of' and 'karatu' meaning 'reading'. |
| Hawaiian | Mea heluhelu also denotes 'book' or 'printed matter'. |
| Hebrew | The word "קוֹרֵא" (reader) in Hebrew also means "caller" or "one who summons". |
| Hindi | The word "रीडर" can also refer to a person who gives religious guidance. |
| Hmong | In addition to its meaning as "reader," "nyeem ntawv" can also refer to a book or study session in Hmong. |
| Hungarian | In Hungarian, the word "olvasó" can refer not only to a person who reads, but also to the device used for reading, such as a computer monitor or an e-book reader. |
| Icelandic | The word comes from the verb 'læsa', meaning 'to read' in Old Norse, and the suffix '-andi', which denotes an agent, 'the one who does the action'. |
| Igbo | The Igbo word "ogugu" can also refer to a wise or knowledgeable person. |
| Indonesian | Pembaca can also refer to a type of traditional bamboo flute in several regions of Indonesia. |
| Irish | The Gaelic word "léitheoir" can also refer to a lay assistant in a church or to a secular official who could read and write. |
| Italian | The word 'lettore' also means 'lectern' in Italian, a stand for reading or displaying books or manuscripts. |
| Japanese | The word 読者 (dokusha) can also mean "audience" or "spectator". |
| Javanese | The word "pamaca" in Javanese also means "to be able to see". |
| Kannada | The word 'ರೀಡರ್' ('reader') has an alternate meaning of 'a type of cloth' in Kannada. |
| Kazakh | The word "оқырман" is derived from the verb "оқы", meaning "to read" in Kazakh, and the suffix "-ман", which indicates a person engaged in a particular activity. |
| Khmer | The modern spelling of |
| Korean | The word 리더, meaning 'reader', is derived from 리드, an alternative spelling of 'read'. |
| Kurdish | The Kurdish word "Xwîner" also means "student" or "scholar". |
| Kyrgyz | The word "окурман" also means "listener" in Kyrgyz. |
| Latin | The Latin word "lectorem" can also mean "professor" or "lecturer." |
| Latvian | Latvian "lasītājs" also means someone who has a hobby of reading or a person who is well-read. |
| Lithuanian | In Lithuanian, skaitytojas (reader) shares its root "skaityti" (to read) with the old-fashioned word "skaitymai" (the content of a written work). |
| Luxembourgish | The word "Lieser" can also refer to the act of reading or a place where reading takes place. |
| Macedonian | The word "читач" in Macedonian can also refer to a device for reading, such as a book or a computer. |
| Malagasy | The Malagasy word 'mpamaky' ('reader') is related to the Malay word 'membaca' ('to read'). |
| Malay | The word "pembaca" in Malay can also refer to a type of traditional percussion instrument consisting of a double-headed drum with a long, narrow body. |
| Malayalam | The word "വായനക്കാരൻ" can also refer to a person who has read something, as in "the reader of a book" |
| Maltese | The word "qarrej" in Maltese can also refer to a priest or a lector. |
| Maori | The word derives from the root "kai", meaning "food", and "pānui", meaning "news". Therefore, a "kaipānui" is one who consumes or reads news. |
| Marathi | वाचक' ('reader') can also mean 'one who speaks or recites' in Marathi, as it is derived from the Sanskrit root 'vac' ('speech'). |
| Mongolian | The word "уншигч" can also refer to a "listener" or a "recipient" in Mongolian. |
| Nepali | In Maithili, "पाठक" refers to a Brahmin priest who recites religious texts in rituals and ceremonies. |
| Norwegian | In Norwegian, "leser" can also refer to a person who reads aloud in public, like a lecturer. |
| Nyanja (Chichewa) | Wowerenga can also mean someone who is very good at reading or an expert in reciting history or folklore. |
| Pashto | The word "لوستونکی" can also refer to a person who recites poetry or prose, or a person who tells stories. |
| Persian | The word "خواننده" in Persian also means "singer" or "performer". |
| Polish | The Polish word "czytelnik" derives from the verb "czytać" ("to read"), and also designates a subscriber to a newspaper or magazine. |
| Portuguese (Portugal, Brazil) | In Portuguese, "leitor" can also refer to a Catholic lay official assisting a priest during Mass. |
| Punjabi | The word 'ਪਾਠਕ' (reader) is derived from the Sanskrit word 'पाठक' (path-aka), which means one who recites or studies. |
| Romanian | Cititor is derived from the Latin word "citator," which means "one who summons or calls out." |
| Russian | The word "читатель" also has the alternate meaning of "subscriber" or "customer". |
| Samoan | The word "tagata faitau" can also refer to an orator in Samoan culture. |
| Scots Gaelic | The word "leughadair" in Scots Gaelic can also mean "listener" or "hearer". |
| Serbian | The word ‘читаоче’ is derived from the verb ‘читати’ which means ‘to read’. |
| Sesotho | The word "mali" can also refer to a person who interprets dreams or who gives advice based on divination. |
| Shona | The word "muverengi" also refers to a person who can understand written symbols, or to the process of reading itself. |
| Sindhi | پڙهندڙ, a Sindhi word, also refers to a student or a scholar. |
| Sinhala (Sinhalese) | The word "පා er කයා" literally means "book-maker" and historically referred to scribes. |
| Slovak | The Slovak word "čitateľ" can also refer to a person who subscribes to a publication or an animal that can read. |
| Slovenian | The word bralec is derived from the Old Church Slavonic language and originally meant "one who reads aloud". |
| Somali | The term 'aqriste' can also refer to a 'reciter of Quran' or someone who's well-versed in the art of recitation. |
| Spanish | In Spanish, "lector" can also mean "lectern" or "university professor". |
| Sundanese | The word "pamaca" in Sundanese can also refer to a person who is skilled in reading or writing, or to the act of reading or writing itself. |
| Swahili | Msomaji in Swahili can also refer to an oracle or fortune-teller. |
| Swedish | The Swedish word "läsare" has several alternate meanings, depending on context, ranging from "viewer" to "disciple of a nonconformist, fundamentalist religious movement, esp. within Sweden." |
| Tagalog (Filipino) | "Mambabasa" derives from the root word "basa," which means both "read" and "smell," reflecting the belief that reading involves sensory perception. |
| Tajik | "Хонанда" is a Tajik word that can also mean a "singer". |
| Tamil | வாசகர் (vācakar) can also refer to 'a speaker', in which case it is related to வாய் (vāy) meaning 'mouth'. |
| Telugu | The word "రీడర్" in Telugu can also refer to a person who recites religious texts or a person who reads aloud from a written source. |
| Thai | In Thai, “ผู้อ่าน” can also refer to a monk who reads Pali scriptures during a religious ceremony. |
| Turkish | The word "okuyucu" can also mean "literate" or "educated" in Turkish. |
| Ukrainian | The word "читач" in Ukrainian can also refer to a device for reading, such as a book reader or an e-reader. |
| Urdu | The word "پڑھنے والا" can also refer to a student, a person who is engaged in the act of reading, or a person who has the ability to read. |
| Uzbek | The root of the word "o'quvchi" means "to learn," while an alternate spelling, "o'g'uvchi," means "to understand," or "to read with comprehension." |
| Vietnamese | The word "người đọc" can also refer to a person who reads aloud to others. |
| Welsh | Darllenydd can also refer to a literary critic or a bookworm. |
| Xhosa | "Umfundi" comes from the verb "funda" (to read or learn) and is also used to refer to a student or learner. |
| Yiddish | The Yiddish word "לייענער" (leyener) is also used as a term for a "student" of a religious text. |
| Yoruba | Olukawe can refer to male or female readers in Yoruba, depending on context. |
| Zulu | The Zulu word "umfundi" also means "a student" or "learner." |
| English | The word 'reader' can refer to a person who reads professionally, a publication, a device for reading, or an academic position below professor. |