Afrikaans beroep | ||
Albanian profesioni | ||
Amharic ሙያ | ||
Arabic مهنة | ||
Armenian մասնագիտություն | ||
Assamese পেছা | ||
Aymara yatxatata | ||
Azerbaijani peşə | ||
Bambara baara | ||
Basque lanbidea | ||
Belarusian прафесія | ||
Bengali পেশা | ||
Bhojpuri पेशा | ||
Bosnian profesija | ||
Bulgarian професия | ||
Catalan professió | ||
Cebuano propesyon | ||
Chinese (Simplified) 职业 | ||
Chinese (Traditional) 職業 | ||
Corsican prufessione | ||
Croatian profesija | ||
Czech profese | ||
Danish erhverv | ||
Dhivehi ޕްރޮފެޝަން | ||
Dogri पेशा | ||
Dutch beroep | ||
English profession | ||
Esperanto profesio | ||
Estonian elukutse | ||
Ewe dɔwɔwɔ | ||
Filipino (Tagalog) propesyon | ||
Finnish ammatti | ||
French profession | ||
Frisian berop | ||
Galician profesión | ||
Georgian პროფესია | ||
German beruf | ||
Greek επάγγελμα | ||
Guarani tembiapo | ||
Gujarati વ્યવસાય | ||
Haitian Creole pwofesyon | ||
Hausa sana'a | ||
Hawaiian ʻoihana | ||
Hebrew מִקצוֹעַ | ||
Hindi व्यवसाय | ||
Hmong txoj haujlwm | ||
Hungarian szakma | ||
Icelandic starfsgrein | ||
Igbo aka oru | ||
Ilocano propesion | ||
Indonesian profesi | ||
Irish gairm | ||
Italian professione | ||
Japanese 職業 | ||
Javanese profesi | ||
Kannada ವೃತ್ತಿ | ||
Kazakh мамандық | ||
Khmer វិជ្ជាជីវៈ | ||
Kinyarwanda umwuga | ||
Konkani वेवसाय | ||
Korean 직업 | ||
Krio wok | ||
Kurdish sinet | ||
Kurdish (Sorani) پیشە | ||
Kyrgyz кесип | ||
Lao ອາຊີບ | ||
Latin professionis | ||
Latvian profesija | ||
Lingala mosala | ||
Lithuanian profesija | ||
Luganda omulimu | ||
Luxembourgish beruff | ||
Macedonian професија | ||
Maithili पेशा | ||
Malagasy asa | ||
Malay profesion | ||
Malayalam തൊഴിൽ | ||
Maltese professjoni | ||
Maori umanga | ||
Marathi व्यवसाय | ||
Meiteilon (Manipuri) ꯁꯤꯟꯐꯝ | ||
Mizo thiamthil hnathawh | ||
Mongolian мэргэжил | ||
Myanmar (Burmese) အလုပ်အကိုင် | ||
Nepali पेशा | ||
Norwegian yrke | ||
Nyanja (Chichewa) ntchito | ||
Odia (Oriya) ବୃତ୍ତି | ||
Oromo ogummaa | ||
Pashto مسلک | ||
Persian حرفه | ||
Polish zawód | ||
Portuguese (Portugal, Brazil) profissão | ||
Punjabi ਪੇਸ਼ੇ | ||
Quechua yachasqan | ||
Romanian profesie | ||
Russian профессия | ||
Samoan matata | ||
Sanskrit व्यवसाय | ||
Scots Gaelic dreuchd | ||
Sepedi phorofešene | ||
Serbian професија | ||
Sesotho mosebetsi | ||
Shona basa | ||
Sindhi پيشو | ||
Sinhala (Sinhalese) වෘත්තිය | ||
Slovak povolanie | ||
Slovenian poklic | ||
Somali xirfad | ||
Spanish profesión | ||
Sundanese profési | ||
Swahili taaluma | ||
Swedish yrke | ||
Tagalog (Filipino) propesyon | ||
Tajik касб | ||
Tamil தொழில் | ||
Tatar һөнәр | ||
Telugu వృత్తి | ||
Thai วิชาชีพ | ||
Tigrinya ስራሕ | ||
Tsonga phurofexini | ||
Turkish meslek | ||
Turkmen hünäri | ||
Twi (Akan) adwuma | ||
Ukrainian професія | ||
Urdu پیشہ | ||
Uyghur كەسپى | ||
Uzbek kasb | ||
Vietnamese nghề nghiệp | ||
Welsh proffesiwn | ||
Xhosa umsebenzi | ||
Yiddish פאַך | ||
Yoruba oojo | ||
Zulu umsebenzi |
| Language | Etymology / Notes |
|---|---|
| Afrikaans | The Afrikaans word "beroep" has its origins in the Dutch word "beroep", which means "calling" or "vocation". |
| Albanian | The word "profesioni" in Albanian originates from the Italian word "professione" but also has the alternate meaning of "occupation". |
| Amharic | The word 'ሙያ' also means 'work' or 'occupation', similar to the English word 'profession', which can have a broader meaning than just a specific job or career. |
| Arabic | The word "مهنة" can also mean "occupation", "job", or "trade" in Arabic. |
| Azerbaijani | The word "peşə" in Azerbaijani is derived from the Persian word "peşa" meaning "occupation" or "trade". |
| Basque | The Basque word 'lanbidea' also means 'path to work' or 'road to a job'. |
| Belarusian | "Прафесія" (profession) comes from Latin "professio," meaning "a public declaration" or "to declare openly." |
| Bengali | The word "পেশা" also refers to a trade, craft or occupation, especially a skilled one. |
| Bosnian | "Profes(ija)" is derived from Latin via French "professi(on)", from the verb "profitērī" (to make known), and is cognate with the English "professor". |
| Bulgarian | The word професия also means 'confession', referring to the religious affiliation of an individual. |
| Catalan | In Catalan, "professió" also means "religious order" or "religious vows". |
| Cebuano | In Cebuano, |
| Chinese (Simplified) | The word "职业" originally referred to a person's official title or status. |
| Chinese (Traditional) | 職業 can also mean the duties of a priest, in addition to its meaning of profession. |
| Corsican | Prufessione is derived from the Latin word professus, meaning "a religious order". |
| Croatian | In Croatian, 'profesija' originally meant a religious oath, and is related to 'profes' (confession), 'profet' (prophet), and 'proricati' (to prophesy). |
| Czech | In Czech |
| Danish | The word "erhverv" derives from the Proto-Germanic word "*arbizjoz", meaning "work, effort". |
| Dutch | The word "beroep" originally meant "calling" or "vocation", and still has this meaning in some contexts. |
| Esperanto | "Profesi'" has the original meaning of "to declare one's faith". In modern Esperanto it can also mean "to profess a faith", "to make one's profession of faith" or "to declare". |
| Estonian | "Elukutse" comes from the words "elu" (life) and "kutse" (call), implying a calling in life. |
| Finnish | The word 'ammatti' is derived from the Proto-Uralic word '*ammata', meaning 'to know how to do something' or 'to be skilled at something'. |
| French | In French, "profession" can also refer to a statement or declaration, similar to the English "make a profession of faith". |
| Frisian | The Frisian word 'berop' is cognate with the Dutch 'beroep', which also means 'vocation' or 'calling'. |
| Galician | In Galician, "profesión" can also refer to a person's expertise or occupation regardless of formal training or qualifications. |
| Georgian | "პროფესია" means "profession" in English, but it also has the connotation of "occupation" or "trade". |
| German | "Beruf" derives from a Middle High German word meaning "calling" and shares its etymological roots with the English word "career." |
| Greek | The word επάγγελμα derives from the ancient Greek word ἐπάγγελμα, meaning 'promise, assurance, guarantee', and originally referred to a solemn declaration of faith or a vow. |
| Haitian Creole | The term also refers to someone who is overly serious; this meaning derives from people who are "professional" to a fault |
| Hausa | In Hausa, 'sana'a' also means 'craft' or 'art'. |
| Hawaiian | ʻOihana also refers to an office, business, or function, while in ancient times, it signified a district or division of land ruled by a chief. |
| Hebrew | The word "מִקצוֹעַ" can also mean "craft" or "trade". |
| Hindi | The word व्यवसाय (vyavasāya) can also mean 'occupation', 'business', or 'practice'. |
| Hmong | The Hmong word "txoj haujlwm" literally means "the thing one does," implying both the person and task. |
| Hungarian | "Szakma" also means "guild" or "union" in certain contexts, e.g. "pékipar szakma" for "the baker's guild". |
| Icelandic | The Icelandic word "starfsgrein" derives from "störf" (work) and "grein" (branch), signifying a specialized branch of work. |
| Igbo | 'Aka oru' can also mean 'trade' or 'craft' in Igbo. |
| Indonesian | In Malay, profesi also means "preface" or "foreword". |
| Irish | "Gaírm" is cognate with the word "gair" (battle cry), reflecting the ancient Celtic concept that a person's true profession is expressed through their actions in battle. |
| Italian | "Professione" in Italian can also refer to one's conduct or behavior, especially in a particular situation. |
| Japanese | The word "職業" (shokugyo) also means "occupation" or "calling" in Japanese. |
| Javanese | The Javanese word "profesi" also means "promise" or "vow". |
| Kannada | The word 'ವೃತ್ತಿ' is derived from the Sanskrit word 'वृत्ति' (vritti), meaning 'means of livelihood' or 'occupation'. |
| Kazakh | The word “мамандық” also has a broader meaning, namely “knowledge”, “study”, “skill”, and “occupation”. |
| Khmer | "វិជ្ជាជីវៈ" also translates to "intellectual pursuit" and stems from two Pali sources: "vijjā", or "intellect, knowledge or learning" and "jīvika", or "livelihood". |
| Korean | The word 직업 can also refer to a person's occupation, job, or trade. |
| Kurdish | Sinet, in Kurdish, can also refer to a person's trade or skill set. |
| Kyrgyz | The word "кесип" is also used to refer to "career", denoting one's line of work or occupation. |
| Lao | The word "ອາຊີບ" (อาชีพ - achip) in Lao may also mean "occupation", "career", or "vocation". |
| Latin | In Latin, "professionis" refers to open and public declaration of religious vows or belief in a particular creed. |
| Latvian | In Latvian the term "profesija" comes from the German "Profession", and means either 'career,' 'profession' or 'vocation,' while its plural "profesijas" can refer to 'occupations' and 'professional fields.' |
| Lithuanian | The word "profesija" is derived from the Latin "professio", meaning "public declaration", and is often used in Lithuanian to describe an occupation or calling that requires specialized training and knowledge. |
| Luxembourgish | In some rural areas of Luxembourg, the term "Beruff" can also refer to the "cattle trade". |
| Macedonian | Like "professor," "profession" comes from the Latin "profiteri," which means "to declare publicly" or "to make known." |
| Malagasy | The word "asa" in Malagasy can also mean "duty" or "responsibility." |
| Malay | "Profesion", from Middle Dutch, can also mean appearance or presence |
| Malayalam | The word "തൊഴിൽ" can also refer to "work" or "labor" in Malayalam. |
| Maltese | The word "professjoni" in Maltese is derived from the Italian word "professione", which in turn comes from the Latin word "professio" meaning "public declaration", "avowal", "promise". |
| Maori | Umanga, a homonym of 'profession', also refers to the Maori word for 'striving' and 'determination' |
| Marathi | The word "व्यवसाय" comes from the Sanskrit root "वृत्" (vṛt), meaning "to choose," and is a cognate of the English word "vocation. |
| Mongolian | The word "мэргэжил" can also refer to a person's skill or expertise in a particular field. |
| Myanmar (Burmese) | The term can also refer to a job or occupation |
| Nepali | "पेशा" (profession) has no alternate meanings in Nepali, being a tatsama loan from Sanskrit. |
| Norwegian | The word 'yrke' is derived from the Old Norse word 'verk', meaning 'work' or 'deed'. |
| Nyanja (Chichewa) | Ntchito also means 'work', especially of a manual nature. |
| Pashto | The word "مسلک" also means "path" or "way of life" in Pashto. |
| Persian | The word "حرفه" (profession) in Persian can also refer to a "trade" or "skill" in a craft or manual occupation. |
| Polish | While "zawód" initially meant "a calling" or "vocation," it gradually came to signify "profession." |
| Portuguese (Portugal, Brazil) | In Latin, "professio" means "declaration or promise". |
| Punjabi | The word 'ਪੇਸ਼ੇ' (profession) in Punjabi also refers to the act of presenting or displaying something. |
| Romanian | The Romanian word "profesie" derives from Latin "professio" with the meaning of "public declaration" or "avowal of faith". |
| Russian | The word "профессия" comes from the Latin word "professio" and initially meant "a public statement of faith" |
| Samoan | Matata also refers to a meeting of Samoan chiefs, a sacred object, or a place of learning. |
| Scots Gaelic | The Scots Gaelic word "dreuchd" has its origins in the Old Irish word "drucht", meaning "skill" or "craft". |
| Serbian | The word 'професија' is a borrowing from the Latin word 'professio' meaning 'public declaration' or 'confession of faith'. |
| Sesotho | "Mosebetsi" derives from the verb "sebetša" (to work) and the nominal prefix "mo-" denoting an abstract noun. |
| Shona | As a prefix, 'basa' means 'good' or 'well'. |
| Sindhi | Sindhi word "پيشو" also means "preaching" in English. |
| Sinhala (Sinhalese) | In Sinhala, "වෘත්තිය" literally means "a circle" and can also refer to "a profession or occupation that requires specialized knowledge and training." |
| Slovak | The Slovak word 'povolanie' also means 'calling' or 'destiny', reflecting the idea of a profession as something one is meant to do. |
| Slovenian | The word “poklic” originates from the Old Slavonic word “pokloniti”, meaning “to bow down” or “to submit to.” |
| Somali | The word 'xirfad' may also refer to 'calling' or 'occupation'. |
| Spanish | The term "profesión" originally meant "acknowledging publicly" and "solemn declaration", hence the modern day meaning of declaring an occupation |
| Sundanese | Sundanese "profési" is cognate with the English "professor", but is a more general honorific meaning "expert" or "specialist" in any field. |
| Swahili | "Taaluma" is derived from the Arabic "tʿālim" meaning "knowledge, learning, education". |
| Swedish | "Yrke" originally meant "work, task" and was related to "verk", "verkstad" ("tool, workshop"). |
| Tagalog (Filipino) | "Propesyon" comes from the Spanish "profesión," which can also mean "religious profession," "public declaration of faith," or "declaration of something's character" |
| Tajik | The Tajik word "касб" (profession) is borrowed from the Persian "کسب" (trade, business), and both ultimately come from the Arabic "کسْبٌ" (acquisition). |
| Tamil | The Tamil word தொழில் also means 'industry' and is derived from the root 'to do'. |
| Telugu | In Telugu, the word "వృత్తి" (vrtti) can also refer to a person's occupation, livelihood, or means of earning a living. |
| Thai | วิชาชีพ (วิชา 'ศาสตร์' + ชีพ 'การงาน') เป็นคำที่มีรากศัพท์มาจากภาษาบาลีและสันสกฤต โดยหมายถึง 'ความรู้' หรือ 'ศาสตร์' ที่นำมาประกอบเป็นการงานอาชีพ |
| Turkish | Meslek in Turkish does not only mean a person's profession but also their moral character, which is also used as a surname. |
| Ukrainian | The word "професія" comes from the Latin word "professio", meaning "declaration" or "public statement of one's faith". |
| Urdu | The word "پیشہ" in Urdu can also mean "lineage" or "trade". |
| Uzbek | "Kasb" also means "earning" and "gaining". |
| Vietnamese | The word "nghề nghiệp" in Vietnamese can also mean "vocation" or "career". |
| Welsh | The root of the Welsh word 'proffesiwn' is 'proffes', which originally meant 'a promise' or 'a vow', reflecting the strong connection between occupations and guilds in the Middle Ages. |
| Xhosa | The word "umsebenzi" in Xhosa can also refer to a trade, occupation, or calling, indicating a person's specialized skill or work experience. |
| Yiddish | The Yiddish word "פאַך" (profession) is derived from the Middle High German "fach" meaning "box, compartment, division, subject"} |
| Yoruba | The word "oojo" can also mean "duty" or "responsibility" in Yoruba. |
| Zulu | "Umsebenzi" is also used to refer to a work of art or a piece of craftsmanship. |
| English | The word 'profession' derives from the Latin 'professio', meaning 'to declare publicly' or 'to acknowledge'. In ancient Rome, it referred to a person's declared trade or occupation. |