Afrikaans waarneem | ||
Albanian perceptoj | ||
Amharic ማስተዋል | ||
Arabic تصور شعور | ||
Armenian ընկալել | ||
Assamese বুজা | ||
Aymara katuqaña | ||
Azerbaijani qavramaq | ||
Bambara ka sɔrɔ | ||
Basque hauteman | ||
Belarusian успрымаць | ||
Bengali উপলব্ধি | ||
Bhojpuri महसूस कईल | ||
Bosnian opažati | ||
Bulgarian възприемат | ||
Catalan percebre | ||
Cebuano mahibal-an | ||
Chinese (Simplified) 感知 | ||
Chinese (Traditional) 感知 | ||
Corsican percepisce | ||
Croatian opažati | ||
Czech vnímat | ||
Danish erkende | ||
Dhivehi ނަގައިގަންނަ | ||
Dogri समझना | ||
Dutch waarnemen | ||
English perceive | ||
Esperanto percepti | ||
Estonian tajuma | ||
Ewe kpɔ nu | ||
Filipino (Tagalog) maramdaman | ||
Finnish havaita | ||
French apercevoir | ||
Frisian waarnimme | ||
Galician percibir | ||
Georgian აღიქვამს | ||
German wahrnehmen | ||
Greek αντιλαμβάνομαι | ||
Guarani ñandupyre | ||
Gujarati સમજવું | ||
Haitian Creole wè | ||
Hausa tsinkaye | ||
Hawaiian ʻike | ||
Hebrew לִתְפּוֹס | ||
Hindi समझना | ||
Hmong pom | ||
Hungarian érzékelni | ||
Icelandic skynja | ||
Igbo ghọta | ||
Ilocano siraratan | ||
Indonesian melihat | ||
Irish bhrath | ||
Italian percepire | ||
Japanese 知覚する | ||
Javanese ndelok | ||
Kannada ಗ್ರಹಿಸು | ||
Kazakh сезіну | ||
Khmer យល់ឃើញ | ||
Kinyarwanda gutahura | ||
Konkani जाणविकाय | ||
Korean 인식하다 | ||
Krio si | ||
Kurdish lê haybûn | ||
Kurdish (Sorani) وەرگرتن | ||
Kyrgyz кабылдоо | ||
Lao ຮັບຮູ້ເຂົ້າໃຈ | ||
Latin conspicio | ||
Latvian uztvert | ||
Lingala komona | ||
Lithuanian suvokti | ||
Luganda okulaba | ||
Luxembourgish opfänken | ||
Macedonian согледува | ||
Maithili बुझनाइ | ||
Malagasy tsy fantatrareo | ||
Malay melihat | ||
Malayalam മനസ്സിലാക്കുക | ||
Maltese jipperċepixxi | ||
Maori kite | ||
Marathi समजणे | ||
Meiteilon (Manipuri) ꯚꯥꯕ ꯇꯥꯔꯛꯄ | ||
Mizo hmu | ||
Mongolian мэдрэх | ||
Myanmar (Burmese) ရိပ်မိ | ||
Nepali बुझ्नुहोस् | ||
Norwegian oppfatte | ||
Nyanja (Chichewa) zindikira | ||
Odia (Oriya) ବୁ perceive ିବା | ||
Oromo hubachuu | ||
Pashto درک کول | ||
Persian درک | ||
Polish dostrzec | ||
Portuguese (Portugal, Brazil) perceber | ||
Punjabi ਸਮਝ | ||
Quechua musyay | ||
Romanian percepe | ||
Russian воспринимать | ||
Samoan iloa | ||
Sanskrit जिघ्रति | ||
Scots Gaelic bhrath | ||
Sepedi lemoga | ||
Serbian перцеиве | ||
Sesotho lemoha | ||
Shona kunzwisisa | ||
Sindhi سمجهڻ | ||
Sinhala (Sinhalese) තේරුම් ගන්න | ||
Slovak vnímať | ||
Slovenian zaznati | ||
Somali garasho | ||
Spanish percibir | ||
Sundanese nganggap | ||
Swahili tambua | ||
Swedish uppfatta | ||
Tagalog (Filipino) maramdaman | ||
Tajik дарк мекунанд | ||
Tamil உணர | ||
Tatar сизү | ||
Telugu గ్రహించండి | ||
Thai รับรู้ | ||
Tigrinya ምስትውዓል | ||
Tsonga vonelo | ||
Turkish algılamak | ||
Turkmen duýmak | ||
Twi (Akan) fa no sɛ | ||
Ukrainian сприймати | ||
Urdu احساس | ||
Uyghur perceive | ||
Uzbek sezmoq | ||
Vietnamese nhận thức | ||
Welsh canfod | ||
Xhosa ukuqonda | ||
Yiddish זע | ||
Yoruba ṣe akiyesi | ||
Zulu bona |
| Language | Etymology / Notes |
|---|---|
| Afrikaans | The word "waarneem" can also refer to the act of observing or taking notice of something. |
| Albanian | Perceptoj comes from the Latin word "percipere", meaning "to grasp" or "to understand". |
| Amharic | The verb ማስተዋል "perceive" also means "to understand". |
| Arabic | The Arabic word "تصور شعور" ("تصور شعور") not only means "perceive" but also "imagine" or "feel". |
| Azerbaijani | The word "qavramaq" also means "to wrap something around oneself" in Azerbaijani. |
| Basque | In Medieval Latin, 'hauteman' referred to a 'noble' or 'lord'; in Old French, its meaning narrowed to 'a high-ranking soldier'. |
| Belarusian | The word "успрымаць" in Belarusian is cognate with the Russian word "воспринимать" and the English word "perceive", all deriving from the Proto-Indo-European root *per- "to pass through, beyond". |
| Bengali | উপলব্ধি refers not only to cognition but also to the acquisition of power or wealth. |
| Bosnian | "Opažati" can also mean "to notice" or "to observe" in Bosnian. |
| Bulgarian | The verb "възприемат" is also used to express the act of assuming or taking on a role or responsibility. |
| Catalan | Catalan 'percebre' comes from Latin 'percipere' meaning 'to seize' or 'take possession of', hence the related Catalan words 'percepció' ('receipt') and 'perceptoria' ('tollhouse'). |
| Cebuano | "Mahibal-an" is also used in the Cebuano equivalent of the proverb “Ignorance of the law excuses no one” and in one of Cebuano’s versions of the Ten Commandments |
| Chinese (Simplified) | 感知 (zhǐgǎn) literally means "to receive (zhǐ) feeling/knowledge (gǎn)" |
| Chinese (Traditional) | 感知 can also mean 'to be aware of' or 'to feel'. |
| Corsican | From the Latin "percipere" meaning "to take hold of" or "to receive" |
| Croatian | The verb "opažati" in Croatian is derived from the noun "opaža", meaning "observation" or "remark". |
| Czech | The word "vnímat" in Czech is derived from the Proto-Slavic root *vьn-imati, meaning "to take in," and is related to the English word "win". |
| Danish | Erkende is derived from the Proto-Germanic word *kʰerkwjaną, meaning 'to turn, twist' or 'to see, observe'. |
| Dutch | The word "waarnemen" is derived from the Old Dutch word "warnemen," which means "to take care of" or "to guard over." |
| Esperanto | Percepti also means 'to notice' or 'to understand', and comes from the Latin perceptio, meaning 'understanding' or 'perception'. |
| Estonian | Although tajuma (perceive) has the same root as tajuda (to seem), it has a wider scope. |
| Finnish | The word 'havaita' likely derives from the Proto-Finnic root *hawaa, meaning 'to become aware' or 'to notice'. |
| French | "Apercevoir" comes from the Latin "aperire" (to open), suggesting the idea of uncovering or revealing something. |
| Frisian | The word 'waarnimme' in Frisian also means 'to notice' or 'to take note of'. |
| Galician | In Galician, "percibir" also means "to receive a salary or wage". |
| Georgian | The Georgian word 'აღიქვამს' also carries the meaning of 'to understand', reflecting the close connection between perceiving and comprehending. |
| German | "Wahrnehmen" in German, from Old High German "wārnemēn", is related to "warn" and "awareness" in English. |
| Greek | "Αντιλαμβάνομαι" (perceive) comes from "αντι- (anti-)" against and "λαμβάνω (lambanó)" take. |
| Gujarati | "સમજવું" can also refer to "understand" and "comprehend" in English, which are similar to its primary meaning of "perceive." |
| Haitian Creole | The verb "wè" in Haitian Creole originates from the French word "voir," meaning "to see." |
| Hausa | "Tsinkaye" in Hausa might also mean "to be aware" or "to understand something". |
| Hawaiian | 'Ike', meaning 'to perceive', also refers to wisdom, knowledge, or understanding. |
| Hebrew | The verb 'לתפוס' can be used colloquially to mean 'to catch,' 'to hold,' or 'to understand,' showing its broad semantic range. |
| Hindi | "समझना" originated from the Sanskrit root "budh" meaning "to know" or "to perceive," and is related to the English word "understand." |
| Hmong | The word "pom" in Hmong also means "watch" or "guard". |
| Hungarian | "Érzékelni" is related to the Hungarian word "érzés" (feeling) and also to the word "érzék" (senses) which is cognate with "Herz" (heart) in German and "heart" in English, which originally also had the meaning of "mind". |
| Icelandic | The word "skynja" is related to the word "skyn" (meaning "sense"), and is also used in the sense of "to understand" or "to comprehend." |
| Igbo | "Ghọta" also means "understand" or "comprehend" in Igbo. |
| Indonesian | The Indonesian word "melihat" (to see) also means "to understand" or "to realize." |
| Irish | The Old Irish word "bhrath" is related to the Latin "frater" and Sanskrit "bhratar", all meaning "brother". |
| Italian | The Italian verb "percepire" comes from Latin "percipere" meaning "take in" or "lay hold on". |
| Japanese | Originally written as 知覚る, the verb 知覚する (chikaku-suru) was used to mean "to acknowledge intellectually" until the 18th century, when it took its current meaning. |
| Javanese | "Ndelok" shares the same root as "ndulu" (before), suggesting a connection between perception and the past. |
| Kannada | The root of the word 'ಗ್ರಹಿಸು' is 'ग्रह', meaning 'to seize' or 'to grasp'. |
| Kazakh | The word "сезіну" in Kazakh also means "to notice" and "to comprehend". |
| Khmer | The word "យល់ឃើញ" can also mean "to understand" or "to comprehend". |
| Korean | The word 인식하다 is derived from 인 ('human') and 식 ('knowledge'), and can also mean 'cognize' or 'recognize'. |
| Kurdish | The word "lê haybûn" in Kurdish also means "to realize" or "to understand". |
| Latin | "Conspicio" also means "to look at attentively" in Latin. |
| Latvian | The word "uztvert" comes from the Proto-Indo-European root *wert-, meaning "to turn" or "to perceive", and is related to the English word "advert". |
| Lithuanian | The word "suvokti" evolved from the Proto-Indo-European root "*su-," meaning "good," and "vokti," meaning "to speak." |
| Luxembourgish | opfänken might be related to |
| Macedonian | The verb "согледува" is derived from the Slavic root "gled-," which also gave rise to the words "гледа" ("to look") and "огледало" ("a mirror"). |
| Malagasy | In Malagasy, the word "Tsy fantatrareo" can also mean "to understand" or "to comprehend". |
| Malay | The word "melihat" in Malay is derived from the Sanskrit word "mri", meaning "see, look, or observe". |
| Maltese | The word 'jipperċepixxi' is derived from the Arabic word 'jarrasa' meaning 'to inspect thoroughly' and the Latin word 'capio' meaning 'to take'. |
| Maori | "Kite" also means "to gaze intently," "to look upwards," or "to fix one's eyes." |
| Marathi | In the context of a court case, the word "समजणे" means "to hear and consider evidence". |
| Mongolian | "Мэдрэх" is derived from the Proto-Mongolic word "*mede-/*medri-/*mederi-" meaning "to know, to understand". |
| Myanmar (Burmese) | 'ရိပ်မိ' (perceive) is also used in the sense of 'know', especially when it refers to sensory perceptions. |
| Nepali | The Nepali word 'Bujhnuhos' originates from the Sanskrit root 'budh', meaning to understand, comprehend, or recognize. |
| Norwegian | The verb "oppfatte" is derived from the Old Norse word "uppfatta", which means "to grasp" or "to understand". |
| Nyanja (Chichewa) | The word "zindikira" in Nyanja (Chichewa) is also used to mean "think" or "understand". |
| Pashto | The word "درک کول" in Pashto can also mean "to grasp" or "to understand". |
| Persian | The Persian word "درک" not only means "to perceive," but also refers to "understanding" and "getting the point" |
| Polish | "Dostrzec" contains the word "strzeż" which means "watch", suggesting that perceiving involves attention and vigilance. |
| Portuguese (Portugal, Brazil) | In Portuguese, "perceber" can also mean "to realize" or "to notice." |
| Punjabi | The word "ਸਮਝ" can also mean "to understand". |
| Romanian | In Romanian, "percepe" has an additional meaning of "collect" or "receive", derived from the Latin "percipere" meaning "to take or receive." |
| Russian | "Воспринимать" also has a meaning "consider", for example, "воспринимать что-то всерьёз". In English it corresponds to the phrase "to take something seriously". |
| Samoan | The word 'iloa' is a cognate to the Hawaiian word 'ʻike' (to know, to see), and the Tongan word 'iloa' (to know, to understand). |
| Scots Gaelic | Bhrath is thought to be derived from Old Irish brath meaning "judgement, opinion" and can also mean "smell" in Gaelic. |
| Serbian | The word "Перцеиве" in Serbian can also mean "to anticipate" or "to foresee". |
| Sesotho | The word "lemoha" in Sesotho also means "to see" or "to look at". |
| Shona | "Kunzwisisa" can also mean "to understand" or "to know". |
| Sindhi | The word "سمجهڻ" can also mean "to understand" or "to comprehend." |
| Slovak | Etymology: From Old Church Slavonic вънимати (vŭnimati), meaning "to understand". Alternate meaning: to listen. |
| Slovenian | The word 'zaznati' (Slovenian for 'perceive') is derived from the proto-Slavic verb *zъnati, which also meant 'to know' or 'to understand'. |
| Somali | The verb "garasho" could also mean "to understand". |
| Spanish | The verb "percibir" in Spanish can also mean "to collect" (e.g. a tax). |
| Sundanese | Sundanese word "nganggap" also means "to take something as something else" or "to consider something as something else". |
| Swahili | The word "tambua" in Swahili also means "to understand" or "to acknowledge." |
| Swedish | The Swedish verb "uppfatta" is cognate with German "auffassen" (to grasp), Dutch "opvatten" (to conceive), and English "opine" (to express an opinion). |
| Tagalog (Filipino) | The word "maramdaman" could also mean "understand", "sense", or "feel". |
| Tajik | The word "дарк мекунанд" in Tajik is derived from the Persian verb "درک کردن" (dark kardan), which means "to understand" or "to comprehend". |
| Tamil | The word "உணர" (perceive) in Tamil also has the alternate meaning of "know" or "experience". |
| Telugu | The word గ్రహించండి (grahaninchadi) is derived from the Sanskrit word ग्रहण (grahaṇa) which means 'to take hold of' or 'to seize'. |
| Thai | The word 'รับรู้' can also mean 'to be aware of' or 'to be conscious of' something. |
| Turkish | "Algılamak" (perceive) means "to notice or become aware of" in Turkish, and its root can also mean "understanding" |
| Ukrainian | "Сприймати" comes from the Proto-Slavic word "*priimati", which shares a root with "приймати" ("accept"). |
| Urdu | The word "احساس" in Urdu can also mean "feeling" or "emotion". |
| Uzbek | "Sezmoq" is a common Uzbek word meaning to perceive, apprehend, or notice, and is closely related to the Turkish "sezmek" and Azerbaijani "sezmək", all meaning the same. |
| Vietnamese | "Nhận thức" (perceive) is also translated as "recognize" or "understand." |
| Welsh | The Welsh noun “canfod” also means "face". |
| Xhosa | The Xhosa word 'ukuqonda' also means 'to understand' or 'to know'. |
| Yiddish | In Yiddish, "זע" can also refer to the sense of sight. |
| Yoruba | The verb “ṣe akiyesi” in Yoruba is also used to mean “pay attention”. The verb “ṣe aka” can also take the same meaning of “pay attention”, while the noun “akiyesi” refers to “attention”. |
| Zulu | The word "bona" in Zulu is also used to describe the act of "seeing" or "looking" at something. |
| English | Perceive derives from Latin "percipere" meaning "to take fully into the mind". Alternate meanings include "to notice" and "to appreciate". |