Afrikaans amptelik | ||
Albanian zyrtare | ||
Amharic ባለሥልጣን | ||
Arabic الرسمية | ||
Armenian պաշտոնական | ||
Assamese অনুষ্ঠানিক | ||
Aymara uphisyala | ||
Azerbaijani rəsmi | ||
Bambara faama | ||
Basque ofiziala | ||
Belarusian афіцыйны | ||
Bengali দাপ্তরিক | ||
Bhojpuri अधिकारी | ||
Bosnian službeni | ||
Bulgarian официален | ||
Catalan oficial | ||
Cebuano opisyal | ||
Chinese (Simplified) 官方 | ||
Chinese (Traditional) 官方 | ||
Corsican ufficiale | ||
Croatian službeno | ||
Czech oficiální | ||
Danish officiel | ||
Dhivehi ރަސްމީ | ||
Dogri सरकारी | ||
Dutch officieel | ||
English official | ||
Esperanto oficiala | ||
Estonian ametnik | ||
Ewe dɔwɔla | ||
Filipino (Tagalog) opisyal | ||
Finnish virallinen | ||
French officiel | ||
Frisian offisjeel | ||
Galician oficial | ||
Georgian ოფიციალური | ||
German offiziell | ||
Greek επίσημος | ||
Guarani tetãmba'éva | ||
Gujarati અધિકારી | ||
Haitian Creole ofisyèl | ||
Hausa jami'in | ||
Hawaiian luna | ||
Hebrew רשמי | ||
Hindi आधिकारिक | ||
Hmong nom | ||
Hungarian hivatalos | ||
Icelandic embættismaður | ||
Igbo onye isi | ||
Ilocano opisial | ||
Indonesian resmi | ||
Irish oifigiúil | ||
Italian ufficiale | ||
Japanese 公式 | ||
Javanese pejabat | ||
Kannada ಅಧಿಕೃತ | ||
Kazakh ресми | ||
Khmer ជាផ្លូវការ | ||
Kinyarwanda umuyobozi | ||
Konkani अधिकृत | ||
Korean 공무원 | ||
Krio bigman | ||
Kurdish fermî | ||
Kurdish (Sorani) فەرمی | ||
Kyrgyz расмий | ||
Lao ຢ່າງເປັນທາງການ | ||
Latin officialis | ||
Latvian ierēdnis | ||
Lingala eyebana | ||
Lithuanian pareigūnas | ||
Luganda omufuzi | ||
Luxembourgish offiziell | ||
Macedonian службено лице | ||
Maithili अधिकारी | ||
Malagasy official | ||
Malay rasmi | ||
Malayalam .ദ്യോഗികം | ||
Maltese uffiċjal | ||
Maori āpiha | ||
Marathi अधिकृत | ||
Meiteilon (Manipuri) ꯑꯣꯐꯤꯁꯤꯑꯦꯜ ꯑꯣꯏꯅꯥ ꯄꯤꯔꯤ꯫ | ||
Mizo pawl thu hla | ||
Mongolian албан ёсны | ||
Myanmar (Burmese) တရားဝင် | ||
Nepali आधिकारिक | ||
Norwegian offisielt | ||
Nyanja (Chichewa) mkulu | ||
Odia (Oriya) ସରକାରୀ | ||
Oromo aangawaa | ||
Pashto رسمي | ||
Persian رسمی | ||
Polish urzędnik | ||
Portuguese (Portugal, Brazil) oficial | ||
Punjabi ਅਧਿਕਾਰੀ | ||
Quechua oficial | ||
Romanian oficial | ||
Russian официальный | ||
Samoan aloaʻia | ||
Sanskrit कार्यालययी | ||
Scots Gaelic oifigeil | ||
Sepedi semmušo | ||
Serbian званичник | ||
Sesotho molaoli | ||
Shona mukuru | ||
Sindhi سرڪاري | ||
Sinhala (Sinhalese) නිල | ||
Slovak úradník | ||
Slovenian uradno | ||
Somali sarkaal | ||
Spanish oficial | ||
Sundanese resmi | ||
Swahili rasmi | ||
Swedish officiell | ||
Tagalog (Filipino) opisyal | ||
Tajik расмӣ | ||
Tamil அதிகாரி | ||
Tatar рәсми | ||
Telugu అధికారిక | ||
Thai เป็นทางการ | ||
Tigrinya ዘፍለጠ | ||
Tsonga ximfumo | ||
Turkish resmi | ||
Turkmen resmi | ||
Twi (Akan) ɔfesa | ||
Ukrainian офіційний | ||
Urdu سرکاری | ||
Uyghur official | ||
Uzbek rasmiy | ||
Vietnamese chính thức | ||
Welsh swyddogol | ||
Xhosa igosa | ||
Yiddish באַאַמטער | ||
Yoruba osise | ||
Zulu isikhulu |
| Language | Etymology / Notes |
|---|---|
| Afrikaans | The word "amptelik" is derived from the Dutch word "amtelijk", which in turn is derived from the Latin word "amt", meaning "duty" or "function." |
| Albanian | The word "zyrtare" in Albanian also has the alternate meaning of "formal, official, or public". |
| Amharic | "ባለሥልጣን" (official) is derived from the root "ሥልጣን" (power, authority), and can also mean "owner of power". |
| Arabic | The Arabic word الرسمية (ar-rasmiyya) derives meaning from ritual (rasam) and is closely linked to the term for writing (rasm). |
| Azerbaijani | Azerbaijani word "rəsmi" is derived from the Arabic word "rasmi" which literally means "distinguished". |
| Basque | From Latin "officialis", meaning "pertaining to an office or official". |
| Belarusian | The word "афіцыйны" can also mean "formal" or "ceremonial" in Belarusian. |
| Bengali | "দাপ্তরিক" is derived from the Sanskrit word "dapa" meaning "order, rule, system". |
| Bosnian | "Službeni" also means "on duty" or "employed" in Bosnian. |
| Bulgarian | The word "официален" can also mean "ceremonial" or "formal". |
| Catalan | El término catalán «oficial» proviene de la antigua voz occitana «oficial», que a su vez tiene origen en el latín «officialis». |
| Cebuano | The term "opisyal" is derived from the Spanish word "oficial" which means "employed in a public office". |
| Chinese (Simplified) | 官方 (guānfāng) is a term with diverse meanings, including "official" and "public". "Official" usage refers to government or its agencies, while "public" usage refers to something related to the public or the people. |
| Chinese (Traditional) | 官方(guān fāng) originally meant "imperial court" but now also refers to "government" or "public". |
| Corsican | The word "ufficiale" (official) in Corsican can also refer to a priest or a public servant. |
| Croatian | The word "službeno" can also refer to a formal or businesslike manner. |
| Czech | In a broader sense, "oficiální" may also refer to something that is formal or ceremonial. |
| Danish | Officiel can also mean ‘officer’, or ‘civil servant‘ |
| Dutch | Originally this word denoted 'of the church' or 'divine', as it is a derivative of 'office' in the sense of 'church service' or 'religious rite'. |
| Esperanto | The Esperanto word "oficiala" is derived from the Latin word "officialis", which means "pertaining to an office or duty". |
| Estonian | The Estonian word "ametnik" can also refer to a member of the clergy, derived from the German word "Amtmann" meaning "clerk" or "minister." |
| Finnish | The word "virallinen" can also mean "authentic" or "genuine" in Finnish. |
| French | The French word « officiel » can also mean « ceremonial », « formal » or « proper ». |
| Frisian | The Frisian word "offisjeel" is borrowed from Latin but also related to Old Frisian "ôfdil" and refers to "to do in common or jointly" |
| Galician | Oficial means "shop" in Galician, coming from the Latin "officina" meaning "workshop." |
| Georgian | "Официальный (ofitsiaľnyy) in Russian, from Latin officialis, means ‘done by the duty of one’s office’, and is related to Latin officina (workshop)“} |
| German | "Offiziell" derives from the Latin word "officium" (duty) and originally meant "belonging to an office". |
| Greek | The word επίσημος (official) is derived from the verb ἐφίημι (to send to or allow), and can also mean 'public', 'formal' or 'ceremonial'. |
| Gujarati | The word "અધિકારી" (official) can also refer to a person who has authority or legal power to perform a certain task or act on behalf of others. |
| Haitian Creole | The word "ofisyèl" ultimately derives from the French "officiel" meaning "official," but in Haitian Creole, it is also commonly used as a polite form of address. |
| Hausa | In Hausa, the word "jami'in" also denotes a public figure or a member of a community who holds a prominent position. |
| Hawaiian | In Hawaiian, the word “luna” can also mean “supervisor,” “overseer,” or “foreman.” |
| Hebrew | The Hebrew word 'רשמי' (official) also carries the meaning of 'formal' or 'ceremonial'. |
| Hindi | The word "आधिकारिक" in Hindi can also mean "authoritative", derived from Sanskrit "ādhīkāra" (authority). |
| Hmong | The word "Nom" can also mean "name" in Hmong. |
| Hungarian | "Hivatalos" ultimately derives from Latin "officium", a word which could mean both "duty" and "office", and also "sacrifice". |
| Icelandic | The word embættismaður is derived from the Old Norse word embætti, which means "office" or "duty." |
| Igbo | The Igbo word "onye isi" not only means "official" but also "headperson," "leader," or "senior." |
| Indonesian | The word "resmi" comes from Dutch and it also means "formal". |
| Irish | "Oifigiúil" is cognate with the Latin word "officialis", meaning "of or relating to an office". In Irish, "oifigiúil" can also have the connotations of "public", "governmental", or "legitimate". |
| Italian | The Italian word "ufficiale" is derived from the Late Latin "officialis", meaning "pertaining to an office". |
| Japanese | The word "公式" can also mean "formula" or "equation" in Japanese. |
| Javanese | In Javanese, 'pejabat' can also mean 'to do something' or 'to carry out a task'. |
| Kannada | The word "ಅಧಿಕೃತ" (official) is derived from the Sanskrit word "अधिकार" (authority), meaning "having authority or power." |
| Kazakh | The word "ресми" in Kazakh is derived from the Arabic word "رسمي" and also means "customary" or "traditional". |
| Khmer | The word "ជាផ្លូវការ" can also be used to refer to something that is formal, standard, or conventional. |
| Korean | The word '공무원' (official) is derived from the Chinese characters '公' (public) and '務' (business), and also refers to a civil servant. |
| Kurdish | The word 'fermî' is derived from Old Persian and may originally have meant 'chieftain.' |
| Kyrgyz | The word "расмий" in Kyrgyz has Slavic origins and is related to similar words in Russian and other Slavic languages. |
| Latin | The Latin word "officialis" originally referred to an ecclesiastical officer who performed various tasks on behalf of a bishop or other cleric. |
| Latvian | The word "ierēdnis" derives from the Proto-Indo-European word *h₁reǵ-, meaning "guide" or "ruler". |
| Lithuanian | "Pareigūnas" is also the name of a rank worn by some law enforcement officers in Lithuania and is cognate with the word for officer "Pareigos" in Latvian. |
| Luxembourgish | In Luxembourgish, "offiziell" can also mean "officially recognized" or "official language". |
| Macedonian | The Macedonian word "службено лице" also means "clerk" or "employee". |
| Malagasy | The Malagasy word "official" comes from the French word "officiel", which in turn comes from the Latin word "officium", meaning "duty" or "service". |
| Malay | The word "rasmi" originated from the Arabic word "rasm", meaning "drawing", indicating its connection to writing and documentation. |
| Malayalam | The word "ദ്യോഗികം" in Malayalam, ultimately derived from Sanskrit, can also mean "duties of a religious office" or "related to religious offices". |
| Maltese | It derives from 'officialis' and also means 'ecclesiastical' or 'a member of the Roman Curia'. |
| Maori | "Āpiha" is a loanword from the English word "officer". |
| Marathi | The word अधिकृत (official) in Marathi can also mean 'authorized', 'authenticated', or 'valid'. |
| Myanmar (Burmese) | The term derives from the Burmese word 'damma' (Sanskrit: dharma), which originally meant 'virtue' or 'righteousness'. |
| Nepali | The Nepali word आधिकारिक (official) stems from the Sanskrit word अधिकार (right, authority) and can also refer to "authorization" or "sanction"} |
| Norwegian | The Norwegian word "offisielt" is derived from the Latin word "officium", meaning "duty" or "service". |
| Nyanja (Chichewa) | The word "mkulu" in Nyanja can also refer to a chief or village headman. |
| Pashto | It can be used to mean both 'legal' and 'formal' in Pashto. |
| Persian | The word "رسمی" is also used in Persian to describe something that is "common" or "usual". |
| Polish | The word "urzędnik" derives from the Old Polish word "urząd" (office), which in turn comes from the Proto-Slavic word "ǫdъ" (possession). |
| Portuguese (Portugal, Brazil) | Portuguese word "oficial" derives from Latin "officialis", meaning "relating to an office" or "done by virtue of one's office." |
| Romanian | "Oficial" comes from the Latin "officialis" and had in medieval Latin the alternate meanings of "executor of orders, representative," and "church officer." |
| Russian | The word "официальный" can also mean "formal" or "ceremonial". |
| Samoan | 'Aloaʻia' also applies to individuals of highest rank, sacred knowledge, chiefs, and orators. |
| Scots Gaelic | The Gaelic word "oifigeil" also means "office" or "public service". |
| Serbian | In the context of the Serbian Orthodox Church, a "званичник" is a cantor. |
| Shona | The word "mukuru" derives from the Proto-Bantu noun *-kuru meaning "great". It is cognate with Zulu "inkosi" (chief) and Swahili "mkubwa" (big, old, respected). |
| Sindhi | Etymology & Meaning: "Government, state, court, officer, rule, power, authority, official duty; a public record or document." |
| Sinhala (Sinhalese) | The word "නිල" in Sinhala is also used to refer to a "dark blue" or "indigo" color, particularly in the context of royal or official garments. |
| Slovak | The word "úradník" is derived from the Proto-Slavic word *ǫdъ, meaning "time, set time, right time". |
| Slovenian | The word "uradno" (official) in Slovenian derives from the Old Slavic word "*ǫdъ" (property, place), suggesting an original meaning of "pertaining to a public place or office." |
| Somali | Sarkaal derives from the Arabic word shirkah "company," which refers to official companies or organizations. |
| Spanish | The Spanish word "oficial" can also refer to a military rank or a government employee. |
| Sundanese | The word "resmi" can also mean "proper" or "formal" in Sundanese. |
| Swahili | "Rasmi" in Swahili can also mean ritual, ceremony, or formality. |
| Swedish | In Swedish, "officiell" can also mean "official uniform". |
| Tagalog (Filipino) | The Tagalog word "opisyal" is derived from the Spanish word "oficial". |
| Tajik | The word "расмӣ" can also refer to a celebration or festivity in Tajik. |
| Telugu | The word "అధికారిక" (official) has its roots in Sanskrit word "अधिकारिक" (adhikarika), meaning "authoritative". In Telugu, it has also acquired the additional meaning of "legal". |
| Thai | The word เป็นทางการ translates to "formal" and derives from "official or government-related". |
| Turkish | "Resmi" can mean either "official" in the sense of being formal or sanctioned by authorities, or "painting" or "image." |
| Ukrainian | The word "офіційний" is derived from the Latin word "officialis", meaning "belonging to an office". |
| Urdu | The word "سرکاری" (official) in Urdu can also refer to anything related to the government or the state. |
| Uzbek | In Uzbek, "rasmiy" can also refer to a formal or ceremonial occasion. |
| Vietnamese | The word "chính thức" can also mean "formal" or "authentic". |
| Welsh | The word "swyddogol" is derived from the words "swydd" (office or job) and "ogol" (general or public), implying a role or status that is public or related to an office. |
| Xhosa | Igos also means a special kind of clay. |
| Yiddish | The Yiddish word "באַאַמטער" (baamter) is derived from the German word "Beamter," which can also mean "employee" or "civil servant." |
| Yoruba | "Osise" can also mean "government official" or "leader" within a community or organization. |
| Zulu | In Zulu, the word 'isikhulu' refers not only to a government official or person of importance but also to an animal's head or a tree's main trunk. |
| English | The word "official" originated from a Latin word meaning "to perform a duty" or "to do something for another person". |