Afrikaans insluit | ||
Albanian përfshijnë | ||
Amharic ያካትቱ | ||
Arabic تضمن | ||
Armenian ներառում | ||
Assamese অন্তৰ্ভুক্ত | ||
Aymara chikanchayaña | ||
Azerbaijani daxildir | ||
Bambara ka fara kan | ||
Basque sartu | ||
Belarusian уключаць | ||
Bengali অন্তর্ভুক্ত | ||
Bhojpuri सामिल कईल | ||
Bosnian uključuju | ||
Bulgarian включва | ||
Catalan incloure | ||
Cebuano iapil | ||
Chinese (Simplified) 包括 | ||
Chinese (Traditional) 包括 | ||
Corsican include | ||
Croatian uključuju | ||
Czech zahrnout | ||
Danish omfatte | ||
Dhivehi ހިމެނުން | ||
Dogri शामल | ||
Dutch omvatten | ||
English include | ||
Esperanto inkluzivi | ||
Estonian hõlmama | ||
Ewe dometᴐ nye | ||
Filipino (Tagalog) isama | ||
Finnish sisältää | ||
French comprendre | ||
Frisian omfetsje | ||
Galician incluír | ||
Georgian მოიცავს | ||
German einschließen | ||
Greek περιλαμβάνω | ||
Guarani moinge | ||
Gujarati સમાવેશ થાય છે | ||
Haitian Creole gen ladan yo | ||
Hausa hada da | ||
Hawaiian hoʻokomo | ||
Hebrew לִכלוֹל | ||
Hindi शामिल | ||
Hmong suav nrog | ||
Hungarian tartalmazza | ||
Icelandic fela í sér | ||
Igbo gụnye | ||
Ilocano iraman | ||
Indonesian termasuk | ||
Irish cuir san áireamh | ||
Italian includere | ||
Japanese 含める | ||
Javanese kalebu | ||
Kannada ಸೇರಿಸಿ | ||
Kazakh қосу | ||
Khmer រួមបញ្ចូល | ||
Kinyarwanda shyiramo | ||
Konkani समावेश आसा | ||
Korean 포함 | ||
Krio min | ||
Kurdish linavxistin | ||
Kurdish (Sorani) لەخۆگرتن | ||
Kyrgyz камтыйт | ||
Lao ປະກອບມີ | ||
Latin includere | ||
Latvian iekļaut | ||
Lingala ezali na | ||
Lithuanian įtraukti | ||
Luganda okubeeramu | ||
Luxembourgish enthalen | ||
Macedonian вклучуваат | ||
Maithili शामिल करनाइ | ||
Malagasy ahitana | ||
Malay merangkumi | ||
Malayalam ഉൾപ്പെടുന്നു | ||
Maltese jinkludu | ||
Maori whakauru | ||
Marathi समाविष्ट करा | ||
Meiteilon (Manipuri) ꯃꯅꯨꯡ ꯆꯟꯕ | ||
Mizo telh | ||
Mongolian оруулах | ||
Myanmar (Burmese) ပါဝင်သည် | ||
Nepali समावेश | ||
Norwegian inkludere | ||
Nyanja (Chichewa) onjezerani | ||
Odia (Oriya) ଅନ୍ତର୍ଭୂକ୍ତ କରନ୍ତୁ | | ||
Oromo itti dabaluu | ||
Pashto شاملول | ||
Persian عبارتند از | ||
Polish zawierać | ||
Portuguese (Portugal, Brazil) incluir | ||
Punjabi ਸ਼ਾਮਲ ਕਰੋ | ||
Quechua winasqa | ||
Romanian include | ||
Russian включают | ||
Samoan aofia ai | ||
Sanskrit निहितः | ||
Scots Gaelic toirt a-steach | ||
Sepedi akaretša | ||
Serbian укључују | ||
Sesotho kenyeletsa | ||
Shona inosanganisira | ||
Sindhi شامل آهي | ||
Sinhala (Sinhalese) ඇතුළත් කරන්න | ||
Slovak zahrnúť | ||
Slovenian vključujejo | ||
Somali ka mid yihiin | ||
Spanish incluir | ||
Sundanese kalebet | ||
Swahili ni pamoja na | ||
Swedish omfatta | ||
Tagalog (Filipino) isama | ||
Tajik дохил кардан | ||
Tamil சேர்க்கிறது | ||
Tatar кертегез | ||
Telugu చేర్చండి | ||
Thai รวม | ||
Tigrinya ይሓውስ | ||
Tsonga katsa | ||
Turkish dahil etmek | ||
Turkmen goşmak | ||
Twi (Akan) fa ka ho | ||
Ukrainian включати | ||
Urdu شامل کریں | ||
Uyghur ئۆز ئىچىگە ئالىدۇ | ||
Uzbek o'z ichiga oladi | ||
Vietnamese bao gồm | ||
Welsh cynnwys | ||
Xhosa zibandakanya | ||
Yiddish אַרייַננעמען | ||
Yoruba pẹlu | ||
Zulu faka phakathi |
| Language | Etymology / Notes |
|---|---|
| Afrikaans | The word "insluit" in Afrikaans derives from the Dutch word "insluiten", meaning "to enclose" or "to lock up". |
| Albanian | "Përfshijnë" can also mean "consist", "contain", or "comprise". |
| Amharic | The word "ያካትቱ" can also mean "to put together" or "to assemble". |
| Arabic | The verb "تضمن" can also mean "to guarantee" or "to entail" in Arabic. |
| Azerbaijani | "Daxildir" derives from the Old Turkic word "tağıl", meaning "to add, to join". |
| Basque | The word "sartu" is also used in Basque to refer to entering a place or organization. |
| Belarusian | The Belarusian word "уключаць" also means "to switch on". |
| Bengali | The word 'অন্তর্ভুক্ত' can also mean 'to include something within or within a group', 'to contain', or 'to incorporate something into something else'. |
| Bosnian | The word "uključuju" also means "turn on" or "activate" in Bosnian. |
| Bulgarian | Включва, "to include," comes from "вклщювати," meaning "to put something into something else." |
| Catalan | In Catalan, "incloure" also means "to encircle" or "to surround". |
| Chinese (Simplified) | 在中文中,“包括”一词还可表示“包含”或“涵盖”的意思。 |
| Chinese (Traditional) | 包括, 古同「苞」, 亦作「包括」意為草木茂盛的樣子 |
| Corsican | "Inclùdiri" in Corsican also means to shut or close something, such as a door or a window. |
| Croatian | In Croatian, "uključuju" can also mean "I turn on/activate". |
| Czech | The Czech word "zahrnout" originally meant "to grab with one's teeth" or "to bite." |
| Danish | The Danish word "omfatte" derives from the Old Norse "um" and "fatta" meaning "around" and "grasp" respectively. |
| Dutch | The word 'omvatten' is derived from the Middle Dutch word 'omvatten', which means 'to embrace' or 'to surround'. |
| Esperanto | The Esperanto word "inkluzivi" also means "with or including" in Latin. |
| Estonian | The verb "hõlmama" also means "encompass, embrace, cover" in Estonian. |
| Finnish | Sisältää is a combination of the words "sis" (inside) and "ältää" (contain). |
| French | The French word "comprendre" has Latin origins, meaning "to grasp" or "to understand." |
| Frisian | The word omfetsje comes from om 'for' and fetsje 'to get, fetch' and is akin to the English 'to comprehend' and German 'umfassen'. |
| Galician | In Galician, "incluír" can also mean "to infer" |
| Georgian | The word also means "contain" or "embrace" in Georgian. |
| German | "Einschließen" can also mean to imprison or enclose. |
| Greek | "περιλαμβάνω" can also mean "embrace" or "hold". |
| Haitian Creole | The term in Haitian Creole "gen ladan yo" can also mean "to have the time or ability to". |
| Hausa | The word "hada da" can also mean "combine" or "join" in Hausa. |
| Hawaiian | The Hawaiian word "hoʻokomo" can also mean to "insert, put, or place something in something else"} |
| Hebrew | The word "לִכלוֹל" can also mean "to encompass," "to comprise," or "to contain." |
| Hindi | The word 'शामिल' may have originated from the Sanskrit verb 'संवल्' (samval), meaning 'to go together' or 'to combine'. |
| Hmong | The word "suav nrog" is also used as a noun to describe the process of including something. |
| Hungarian | The word "tartalmazza" also means "contains" in Hungarian. |
| Icelandic | The word "fela í sér" can also mean "to hide" or "to conceal". |
| Igbo | The word "gụnye" can also mean "to be part of" or "to belong to" in Igbo. |
| Indonesian | "Termasuk" has an alternate meaning, "such as", which can be used in certain contexts to denote a subset of a larger group. |
| Italian | The Latin verb "includere" also means "to shut in" or "to enclose." |
| Japanese | "含める" also means "to involve" or "to contain". |
| Javanese | The word "kalebu" in Javanese comes from the Old Javanese word "kaləbu" which means "to be included or contained in something." |
| Kannada | The word "ಸೇರಿಸಿ" can also mean "to join" or "to add" in Kannada. |
| Kazakh | The word "қосу" can also mean "to add" or "to join". |
| Korean | "포함" originally meant "to wrap" or "to cover". |
| Kurdish | The word 'linavxistin' means 'to insert', 'to add', or 'to involve'. |
| Kyrgyz | Etymology: from Russian включить (vklyuchit), from Old Church Slavonic въключити (vŭkljuchiti). |
| Latin | Includere also means 'to shut in, confine, or imprison' in Latin, a sense that survives in English in the related words 'recluse' and 'include'. |
| Latvian | In Latvian, "iekļaut" also has the metaphorical meaning of "to encompass" or "to comprise". |
| Lithuanian | The Lithuanian word "įtraukti" can also mean "to involve" or "to engage." |
| Luxembourgish | The word "enthalen" can also mean "to envelop" or "to contain" in Luxembourgish. |
| Macedonian | The Slavic word "вклучуваат" shares the same root as "ključ" (key), as inclusion may be visualized as putting something under lock and key. |
| Malagasy | "Ahitana" shares a common root with the words "hita" (necessary) and "hita" (to need), indicating a relationship to inclusion being inherently necessary. |
| Malay | The word "merangkumi" is derived from the Malay word "rangkum", meaning "to embrace" or "to encompass". It can also be used figuratively to mean "to include" or "to cover". |
| Maltese | The Maltese word "jinkludu" originates from the Italian "includere". Historically, this has led to confusion between "inkluż" and "kumpliċi", the Maltese words for "included" and "accomplice" respectively. |
| Maori | The word 'whakauru' also means 'to gather' or 'to collect'. |
| Marathi | समाविष्ट करा also means "to be included in" and "to consist of." |
| Mongolian | The word "оруулах" can also be used to mean "to put on" or "to wear". |
| Nepali | The term 'समावेश' also refers to the process of bringing something into existence or making it a part of something else. |
| Norwegian | The word "inkludere" is derived from the Latin word "includere," which means "to shut in" or "to enclose." |
| Nyanja (Chichewa) | The word 'onjezerani' is derived from the verb 'njezera' meaning 'to put inside' and the prefix 'o' which makes the noun. |
| Pashto | The word "شاملول" in Pashto is derived from the Arabic word "شمول", which means "inclusion" or "comprehensiveness." |
| Persian | In Persian, the word عبارتند از has a unique etymology, and it also has other meanings such as "are" and "comprise". |
| Polish | The Polish word "zawierać" can also mean "to make a contract" or "to close." |
| Portuguese (Portugal, Brazil) | In Portuguese, the word "incluir" can also mean "to encompass" or "to comprise". |
| Romanian | In Romanian, "include" also means "to embed" or "to enclose". |
| Russian | The root word "вкл" is a truncation of the word "включеный" meaning "turned on". |
| Samoan | The word "aofia ai" also has the alternate meaning "to cause something to be" in the context of an event or action. |
| Scots Gaelic | "Toirt a-steach" in Scots Gaelic also carries the meanings of "to present" and "to offer." |
| Serbian | The word "укључују" (include) in Serbian is derived from the verb "уклопити" (to fit something into something else). |
| Sesotho | The word 'kenyeletsa' is derived from the Bantu root '-kenya-', meaning 'to cover' or 'to envelop'. |
| Shona | The word "inosanganisira" in Shona has its roots in the verb sangana, meaning "to join together" or "to add". |
| Sindhi | The word "include" in Sindhi also carries the connotation of "take over" (a space, area), not just of enclosing. |
| Slovak | The noun "zahrnutie" also means "inclusion". |
| Slovenian | In Slovenian, "vključujejo" means both "include" and "enclose". |
| Somali | In Somali, "ka mid yihiin" can also refer to "being part of" or "belonging to" a group or category. |
| Spanish | The word "incluir" originally referred to the act of closing something or keeping it within limits. |
| Sundanese | The word "kalebet" can also be used in the sense of "take" or "bring" |
| Swahili | "Ni pamoja na" literally means "it is together with". |
| Swedish | The word "omfatta" comes from the Old Swedish word "omfatta", meaning "to embrace", and is related to the German word "umfassen", meaning "to encompass". |
| Tagalog (Filipino) | In some contexts, "isama" may also imply participation, accompaniment or being part of a group. |
| Tajik | The word "дохил кардан" in Tajik can also mean "to enter" or "to be included in". |
| Tamil | சேர்க்கிறது also means to add, join, or include something as a part of a whole. |
| Telugu | Telugu "చేర్చండి" means not only "to include" but also "to add, to mix and to put in". |
| Thai | The Thai word "รวม" is derived from the Old Khmer word "សំរួម" and also means "total" or "collective whole". |
| Turkish | "Dahil etmek" (include) can also mean "to involve" or "to comprise" in Turkish. |
| Ukrainian | 'Включати' also means 'to switch on', 'to connect', and 'to turn on'. |
| Urdu | شامل کریں originated from the Persian word شَمول, meaning 'comprehensiveness' or 'inclusiveness'. |
| Uzbek | The word "o'z ichiga oladi" in Uzbek, meaning "include," originates from the Persian word "andar," meaning "within, inside," and the Turkish suffix "ish," indicating action or state. |
| Vietnamese | "Bao gồm" is the Vietnamese word for "include" and is used in a similar way, but it can also mean "consist of" or "comprise of". |
| Welsh | The Welsh word "cynnwys" can also refer to the contents of a book or container. |
| Xhosa | The etymology of "zibandakanya" comes from the verb "zibanda," meaning "to put together" or "to gather." |
| Yiddish | Originally a term from Jewish scholarship for including commentary as marginal or interlinear annotations. |
| Yoruba | "Pẹlu" also means "with," "in addition to," "on top of," or "plus" in Yoruba. |
| Zulu | The term "faka phakathi" also means "to make pregnant" in Zulu slang. |
| English | The word 'include' originated from the Latin word 'includere', meaning 'to shut or close in.' |