Hard in Different Languages
Discover 'Hard' in 134 Languages: Dive into Translations, Hear Pronunciations, and Uncover Cultural Insights.
Hard
Afrikaans moeilik | ||
Albanian e vështirë | ||
Amharic ከባድ | ||
Arabic الصعب | ||
Armenian ծանր | ||
Assamese কঠিন | ||
Aymara qhulu | ||
Azerbaijani çətin | ||
Bambara gɛlɛnman | ||
Basque gogorra | ||
Belarusian цяжка | ||
Bengali শক্ত | ||
Bhojpuri कड़ा | ||
Bosnian teško | ||
Bulgarian твърд | ||
Catalan dur | ||
Cebuano lisud | ||
Chinese (Simplified) 硬 | ||
Chinese (Traditional) 硬 | ||
Corsican duru | ||
Croatian teško | ||
Czech tvrdý | ||
Danish svært | ||
Dhivehi އުނދަގޫ | ||
Dogri सख्त | ||
Dutch moeilijk | ||
English hard | ||
Esperanto malmola | ||
Estonian raske | ||
Ewe sesẽ | ||
Filipino (Tagalog) mahirap | ||
Finnish kovaa | ||
French dur | ||
Frisian hurd | ||
Galician duro | ||
Georgian მძიმე | ||
German schwer | ||
Greek σκληρός | ||
Guarani hatã | ||
Gujarati સખત | ||
Haitian Creole difisil | ||
Hausa wuya | ||
Hawaiian paʻakikī | ||
Hebrew קָשֶׁה | ||
Hindi कठिन | ||
Hmong nyuaj | ||
Hungarian kemény | ||
Icelandic erfitt | ||
Igbo siri ike | ||
Ilocano natangken | ||
Indonesian keras | ||
Irish crua | ||
Italian difficile | ||
Japanese ハード | ||
Javanese atos | ||
Kannada ಕಠಿಣ | ||
Kazakh қиын | ||
Khmer រឹង | ||
Kinyarwanda bigoye | ||
Konkani कठीण | ||
Korean 단단한 | ||
Krio at | ||
Kurdish hişk | ||
Kurdish (Sorani) سەخت | ||
Kyrgyz кыйын | ||
Lao ຍາກ | ||
Latin durum | ||
Latvian grūti | ||
Lingala makasi | ||
Lithuanian sunku | ||
Luganda obugumu | ||
Luxembourgish schwéier | ||
Macedonian тешко | ||
Maithili कड़ा | ||
Malagasy mafy | ||
Malay keras | ||
Malayalam കഠിനമാണ് | ||
Maltese iebes | ||
Maori pakeke | ||
Marathi कठीण | ||
Meiteilon (Manipuri) ꯀꯟꯕ | ||
Mizo sak | ||
Mongolian хэцүү | ||
Myanmar (Burmese) ခက်တယ် | ||
Nepali कडा | ||
Norwegian hard | ||
Nyanja (Chichewa) zovuta | ||
Odia (Oriya) କଠିନ | ||
Oromo jabaa | ||
Pashto سخت | ||
Persian سخت | ||
Polish ciężko | ||
Portuguese (Portugal, Brazil) difícil | ||
Punjabi ਸਖਤ | ||
Quechua sasa | ||
Romanian greu | ||
Russian жесткий | ||
Samoan faigata | ||
Sanskrit रूक्षः | ||
Scots Gaelic cruaidh | ||
Sepedi bothata | ||
Serbian тешко | ||
Sesotho ka thata | ||
Shona zvakaoma | ||
Sindhi مشڪل | ||
Sinhala (Sinhalese) අමාරුයි | ||
Slovak ťažko | ||
Slovenian težko | ||
Somali adag | ||
Spanish difícil | ||
Sundanese heuras | ||
Swahili ngumu | ||
Swedish hård | ||
Tagalog (Filipino) mahirap | ||
Tajik сахт | ||
Tamil கடினமானது | ||
Tatar авыр | ||
Telugu హార్డ్ | ||
Thai ยาก | ||
Tigrinya ከቢድ | ||
Tsonga tiya | ||
Turkish zor | ||
Turkmen gaty | ||
Twi (Akan) den | ||
Ukrainian важко | ||
Urdu سخت | ||
Uyghur جاپالىق | ||
Uzbek qiyin | ||
Vietnamese cứng | ||
Welsh caled | ||
Xhosa nzima | ||
Yiddish שווער | ||
Yoruba lile | ||
Zulu kanzima |
Etymology & Notes
| Language | Etymology / Notes |
|---|---|
| Afrikaans | The word "moeilik" in Afrikaans is derived from the Dutch word "moeilijk", which also means "difficult" or "hard". |
| Albanian | The Albanian word "e vështirë" (hard) is derived from the Proto-Indo-European root "*gʷer-/*gʷʰər-" (heavy, hard) and is cognate with words like "grave" in English, "grav" in French, and "grav" in Spanish. |
| Amharic | The word "ከባድ" in Amharic is related to the word "ከባድ" in Arabic, which means "weighty" or "heavy". |
| Arabic | الصعب "hard" is the opposite of السهل "easy" and has the alternate meanings of strict, difficult, and tough. |
| Armenian | "ծանր" can also mean "difficult", "heavy", "serious", or "severe" in Armenian. |
| Azerbaijani | The word "çətin" is also used figuratively to mean "difficult to understand" or "complex". |
| Basque | The word "gogorra" shares an etymology with "gogor" (firm, robust) but also carries connotations of strength, toughness, and stubbornness. |
| Belarusian | Цяжка may also refer to a wooden rod in a loom or a type of large wooden bowl. |
| Bengali | শক্ত can refer to both physical hardness and mental strength or difficulty, and is cognate with the Sanskrit word "shakta," meaning "powerful." |
| Bosnian | The word "teško" is derived from the Proto-Slavic *tęgъ, meaning "heavy", and also has the meaning of "difficult". |
| Bulgarian | В българския език думата "твърд" произлиза от старославянския "твърдъ" и има значение и "здрав" |
| Catalan | The word "dur" also means "lasting" or "durable" in Catalan. |
| Cebuano | The Cebuano word "lisud" can also refer to something that is difficult or troublesome. |
| Chinese (Simplified) | The character "硬" also means "difficult" or "tough" and can be used in a variety of contexts |
| Chinese (Traditional) | 硬 'hard' is also used as a synonym for 'currency' or 'silver' in Chinese. |
| Corsican | Corsican "duru" also means "heavy" and "difficult" and comes from Latin "durus" with the same meanings. |
| Croatian | The word 'teško' has multiple meanings in Croatian including 'hard', 'heavy', and 'difficult'. |
| Czech | "Tvrdý" can also mean "difficult" or "strong" in Czech, similar to its usage in other Slavic languages. |
| Danish | The word 'svært' can also mean 'very' or 'difficult' in Danish. |
| Dutch | In older texts 'moeilijk' could also imply 'laborious', 'tedious' or 'cumbersome'. |
| Esperanto | The word "malmola" in Esperanto is derived from the Proto-Indo-European root *mel-, meaning "to grind" or "to crush" |
| Estonian | The Estonian word "raske" also means "heavy". |
| Finnish | The word "kovaa" can also refer to "very much" or "a lot" in Finnish. |
| French | In the 17th century, 'dur' also had the meaning of 'dutiful'. |
| Frisian | Hurd is the Frisian form of hard and is related to the English words hoard, horde and hoard, from the Proto-Germanic word *hurd- meaning "heap" or "collection". |
| Galician | The Galician word "duro" also means "lasting" or "durable", and in plural form, it can mean "money". |
| Georgian | The word "მძიმე" can also refer to something that is difficult or burdensome. |
| German | In German, "schwer" can also mean "grave" or "difficult". |
| Greek | In addition to its literal meaning, 'σκληρός' can also figuratively refer to obstinacy, severity, or ruthlessness. |
| Gujarati | The word "સખત" can also mean "difficult" or "tough" in Gujarati. |
| Haitian Creole | Difisil is often confused with "difficile" (difficult) due to their shared French origin, however, the root of the Creole word is the Bantu word "difisili" which means "hard, strong". |
| Hausa | The word "wuya" is also used in Hausa to describe something that is difficult or challenging, as in the phrase "aiki wuya" (difficult work). |
| Hawaiian | Paʻakikī can also refer to firmness or stability, as in the phrase 'paʻa i ka ʻāina' (firmly rooted in the land). |
| Hebrew | The Hebrew word "קָשֶׁה" also means "difficult" or "strict". |
| Hindi | कठिन (kaThin) in Hindi is derived from Sanskrit 'KaT' (to cut) and means 'difficult' due to the notion of resisting being cut |
| Hmong | The Hmong word "nyuaj" has two meanings: hard and difficult. |
| Hungarian | In Hungarian folklore, "kemény" can also refer to a supernatural entity associated with water. |
| Icelandic | The Icelandic word "erfitt" is derived from the Old Norse word "erfiði", which means "toil" or "effort". It is also related to the German word "Arbeit", which has the same meaning. |
| Igbo | "Siri ike" can also mean "strong" or "stubborn" depending on the context. |
| Indonesian | The word 'keras' can also refer to a type of Indonesian traditional music. |
| Irish | The word "crua" in Irish can also refer to a "crowd" or an "army". |
| Italian | "Difficile" also means "hard to please" in Italian, because something hard (difficult) to please, is generally not easy (difficult) to win over. |
| Japanese | The Japanese word "ハード" (haado) derives from the Portuguese "duro" meaning "hard" and was adopted in the late 16th century. |
| Javanese | "Atos" in Javanese not only means "hard" but also "persistent" or "unstoppable". |
| Kannada | In older forms of Kannada, the word 'ಕಠಿಣ' also meant 'difficult' or 'complex' |
| Kazakh | The word "қиын" can also mean "bad" or "harmful" in Kazakh but is only used in certain contexts. |
| Khmer | Also means "mature", "difficult", or "well-developed" in Khmer. |
| Korean | The word "단단한" also has the alternate meanings of "solid" and "firm". |
| Kurdish | The word hisk is also used in colloquial Kurdish to refer to a person who is stingy or tight-fisted. |
| Kyrgyz | The Kyrgyz word "кыйын" can also mean "difficult" or "complex". |
| Lao | "ຍາກ" can also mean 'difficult' or 'expensive'. |
| Latin | The Latin word "durum" also designates a hard, wheat variety used for making pasta. |
| Latvian | The Latvian word "grūti" is derived from the Proto-Indo-European root *gʷer-, meaning "heavy" or "difficult," and is related to the English word "grave." |
| Lithuanian | In ancient Baltic languages, the word "sunku" referred to physical hardness, difficulty, and heaviness, while in modern Lithuanian, it also denotes metaphorical difficulty, hardship, and sorrow. |
| Macedonian | The word "тешко" in Macedonian also has the meaning of "difficult" or "troublesome". |
| Malagasy | The word "mafy" can also mean "strong" or "heavy." |
| Malay | The Malay word "keras" is cognate with the Thai word "khrat" and the Khmer word "kranh". In Thai, "khrat" also means "bitter". |
| Malayalam | The word "കഠിനമാണ്" in Malayalam can also mean "difficult" or "challenging". |
| Maltese | The Maltese word "iebes" is derived from the Arabic word "yabis", meaning "dry" or "hard". |
| Maori | Pakēkē in Maori can refer to a physical state or to the process of making something hard or solid |
| Marathi | The word "कठीण" (hard) in Marathi derives from the Sanskrit word "कठिन" (kathiṇa), meaning "firm", "solid", or "difficult". |
| Mongolian | The word "хэцүү" can also mean "difficult" or "complex" in Mongolian. |
| Nepali | The word "कड़ा" also means "harsh" or "severe" in some contexts. |
| Norwegian | The Norwegian word "hard" also means "left" and can be used to refer to the left hand or the left side of something. |
| Nyanja (Chichewa) | Zovuta is also used to refer to a difficult or challenging situation or task. |
| Pashto | The Pashto word for "hard" (سخت) is also used to mean "difficult" and "unpleasant." |
| Persian | The word "سخت" can also mean "difficult" or "strong" in Persian. |
| Polish | The word "ciężko" in Polish can also mean "difficult" or "heavy". |
| Portuguese (Portugal, Brazil) | The word "difícil" comes from the Latin "difficilis," which means "not easy to do or achieve"} |
| Punjabi | ਸਖਤ can also mean 'difficult' or 'strict' in Punjabi. |
| Romanian | The word "greu" shares the same root as the French word "grief" and the English word "grave". |
| Russian | The Russian word "жесткий" has an additional connotation of rigidity or unyieldingness, and can be used figuratively to describe something as "uncompromising" or "strict." |
| Samoan | There is another meaning to the word 'faigata', which is 'firm' or 'solid'. |
| Scots Gaelic | In Irish, "cruaidh" means "difficult" and in Middle Irish it also meant "heavy". |
| Serbian | "Тешко" also means "hard to do" or "badly" or "painful". |
| Sesotho | The word 'ka thata' in Sesotho can also refer to something that is difficult or challenging. |
| Shona | The word "zvakaoma" can also mean "firm","heavy" or "difficult" in Shona. |
| Sinhala (Sinhalese) | The word "අමාරුයි" (amāruyi) is derived from the Sanskrit word "अमारु" (amāru), which means "immortal" or "deathless". |
| Slovak | The word "ťažko" in Slovak can also mean "with difficulty" or "seriously". |
| Slovenian | The word 'težko' in Slovenian can also mean 'difficult' or 'heavy'. |
| Somali | "Adag" can also mean "to become hard" or "to be durable". |
| Spanish | The word "difícil" in Spanish can also mean "difficult to please" or "capricious". |
| Sundanese | The Sundanese word "heuras" can also mean "difficult" or "rough". |
| Swahili | The word "ngumu" also means "serious" or "difficult" in Swahili. |
| Swedish | The word "hård" can also mean "rough" or "difficult" in Swedish. |
| Tagalog (Filipino) | In Filipino, 'mahirap' also means 'poor' or 'difficult,' illustrating the overlap between material and socioeconomic challenges. |
| Tajik | The word "сахт" can also refer to the "strength" of a person or animal. |
| Telugu | The word "హార్డ్" in Telugu can also mean "difficult" or "firm". |
| Thai | The Thai word 'ยาก' ('hard') also means 'to be difficult; to require hard work to accomplish' and is related to the Lao word 'ຍາກ' ('hard; difficult'). |
| Turkish | The word "zor" in Turkish is of Arabic origin and also means "force" or "compulsion". |
| Ukrainian | The word "важко" can also mean "difficult" or "heavy" in Ukrainian. |
| Urdu | سخت is derived from the Proto-Indo-Iranian word *sakrt-, meaning "once, only, alone". |
| Uzbek | "qiyin" is a Turkish loanword meaning "difficult, hard, troublesome, burdensome, arduous, heavy, ponderous, weighty, stout, sturdy, firm, steadfast, strong, mighty, robust, powerful, violent, great, big, large, huge, vast, immense, wide, broad, spacious, ample, roomy, capacious, extended, extended, wide-spread, extensive, far-reaching, deep, full, abundant, considerable, numerous, manifold, multitudinous, complex, complicated, intricate, involved, elaborate, perplexed, puzzling, enigmatic, obscure, abstruse, difficult to understand, hard to solve, impossible to unravel." |
| Vietnamese | The word "cứng" in Vietnamese is derived from the Proto-Sino-Tibetan "*kəŋ" meaning "cold" but has shifted to mean "hard" in Vietnamese. |
| Welsh | The Welsh word "caled" (hard) derives from the Proto-Celtic word "*kaldo-", meaning "hard" or "harsh". It is also related to the Irish word "caladh" (harbour or haven). |
| Xhosa | "Hard" in Xhosa, "nzima", comes from the noun "umzimba" meaning "body", which also refers to "the self". In addition to something that is difficult, it can also refer to something that is "of substance" or "meaningful." |
| Yiddish | The Yiddish word "שוועֶר" (shver) can also refer to a father-in-law. |
| Yoruba | The word "lile" in Yoruba can also mean "difficult" or "unyielding". |
| Zulu | The word 'kanzima' can also refer to a type of African hardwood or a specific tree species in the genus 'Strychnos'. |
| English | "Hard" comes from the Proto-Germanic word "harduz", which also means "firm" or "solid". |