Afrikaans baklei | ||
Albanian përleshje | ||
Amharic ተጋደል | ||
Arabic يقاتل | ||
Armenian կռվել | ||
Assamese কাজিয়া | ||
Aymara ch'axwaña | ||
Azerbaijani dava | ||
Bambara ka kɛlɛ kɛ | ||
Basque borrokatu | ||
Belarusian змагацца | ||
Bengali লড়াই | ||
Bhojpuri मारामारी | ||
Bosnian borba | ||
Bulgarian битка | ||
Catalan lluitar | ||
Cebuano away | ||
Chinese (Simplified) 斗争 | ||
Chinese (Traditional) 鬥爭 | ||
Corsican lotta | ||
Croatian borba | ||
Czech prát se | ||
Danish kæmpe | ||
Dhivehi ތެޅުން | ||
Dogri लड़ाई | ||
Dutch strijd | ||
English fight | ||
Esperanto batali | ||
Estonian võitlus | ||
Ewe wᴐ avu | ||
Filipino (Tagalog) lumaban | ||
Finnish taistella | ||
French bats toi | ||
Frisian fjochtsje | ||
Galician loitar | ||
Georgian ბრძოლა | ||
German kampf | ||
Greek πάλη | ||
Guarani ñorairõ | ||
Gujarati લડવા | ||
Haitian Creole goumen | ||
Hausa yaƙi | ||
Hawaiian hakakā | ||
Hebrew מַאֲבָק | ||
Hindi लड़ाई | ||
Hmong sib ntaus | ||
Hungarian harc | ||
Icelandic bardagi | ||
Igbo lụọ ọgụ | ||
Ilocano apa | ||
Indonesian pertarungan | ||
Irish troid | ||
Italian combattimento | ||
Japanese 戦い | ||
Javanese gelut | ||
Kannada ಹೋರಾಟ | ||
Kazakh ұрыс | ||
Khmer ប្រយុទ្ធ | ||
Kinyarwanda kurwana | ||
Konkani उड्डाण | ||
Korean 싸움 | ||
Krio fɛt | ||
Kurdish şer | ||
Kurdish (Sorani) جەنگ | ||
Kyrgyz күрөшүү | ||
Lao ຕໍ່ສູ້ | ||
Latin pugna | ||
Latvian cīņa | ||
Lingala kobundisa | ||
Lithuanian kova | ||
Luganda okulwaana | ||
Luxembourgish kämpfen | ||
Macedonian борба | ||
Maithili लड़ाइ | ||
Malagasy ady | ||
Malay melawan | ||
Malayalam യുദ്ധം ചെയ്യുക | ||
Maltese ġlieda | ||
Maori whawhai | ||
Marathi लढा | ||
Meiteilon (Manipuri) ꯈꯌꯅꯕ | ||
Mizo insual | ||
Mongolian тэмцэх | ||
Myanmar (Burmese) တိုက် | ||
Nepali लडाई | ||
Norwegian slåss | ||
Nyanja (Chichewa) nkhondo | ||
Odia (Oriya) ଯୁଦ୍ଧ କର | ||
Oromo loluu | ||
Pashto جګړه | ||
Persian مبارزه کردن | ||
Polish walka | ||
Portuguese (Portugal, Brazil) luta | ||
Punjabi ਲੜੋ | ||
Quechua maqanakuy | ||
Romanian luptă | ||
Russian борьба | ||
Samoan fusuʻaga | ||
Sanskrit युध् | ||
Scots Gaelic sabaid | ||
Sepedi lwa | ||
Serbian борити се | ||
Sesotho loana | ||
Shona kurwa | ||
Sindhi ويڙهه | ||
Sinhala (Sinhalese) සටන් කරන්න | ||
Slovak boj | ||
Slovenian boj | ||
Somali dagaal | ||
Spanish lucha | ||
Sundanese gelut | ||
Swahili pambana | ||
Swedish bekämpa | ||
Tagalog (Filipino) mag away | ||
Tajik мубориза бурдан | ||
Tamil சண்டை | ||
Tatar сугыш | ||
Telugu పోరాడండి | ||
Thai ต่อสู้ | ||
Tigrinya ባእሲ | ||
Tsonga ku lwa | ||
Turkish kavga | ||
Turkmen söweş | ||
Twi (Akan) ko | ||
Ukrainian бій | ||
Urdu لڑو | ||
Uyghur ئۇرۇش | ||
Uzbek kurash | ||
Vietnamese đánh nhau | ||
Welsh ymladd | ||
Xhosa ukulwa | ||
Yiddish קאַמף | ||
Yoruba ja | ||
Zulu ukulwa |
| Language | Etymology / Notes |
|---|---|
| Afrikaans | Baklei is derived from the Middle Dutch "baclay" and also means "disturbance" or "quarrel". |
| Albanian | "Përleshje" also means "struggle" or "contest" in Albanian. |
| Amharic | The word 'ተጋደል' can also mean 'to argue' or 'to compete'. |
| Arabic | The word "يقاتل" can also mean "to struggle" or "to contend" in Arabic. |
| Armenian | The word "կռվել" (fight) in Armenian is derived from the Proto-Indo-European root *krew- meaning "to be angry" or "to hurt."} |
| Azerbaijani | The word "dava" can also mean "case" or "lawsuit" in a legal context. |
| Basque | Borrokatu derives from "borroka", meaning "struggle", and "katu", meaning "hard". |
| Belarusian | The word "змагацца" in Belarusian derives from the Proto-Slavic word *sъmogǫ, meaning "to overcome", and is also related to the words "змаганне" ("competition") and "змагаўся" ("to strive"). |
| Bengali | The word "লড়াই" (fight) in Bengali can also mean "quarrel" or "dispute". |
| Bosnian | The word 'borba' in Bosnian comes from the Proto-Slavic word 'borba', which also means 'struggle' or 'war'. |
| Bulgarian | The word "битка" can also refer to a type of meat cutlet popular in Bulgarian cuisine. |
| Catalan | The origin of the word "lluitar" is uncertain, but it may be related to the Latin word "lucta" (wrestling), the Germanic word "leithan" (to travel), or the Celtic word "luid" (journey). |
| Cebuano | "Away" is the infinitive form of the Cebuano verb "awa", which means "to leave". |
| Chinese (Simplified) | The character for "fight", "斗", also refers to a vessel for holding wine and the Big Dipper constellation. |
| Chinese (Traditional) | '鬥' in 鬥爭 is used in the sense of "to oppose"; '爭' is used in the sense of "to vie". |
| Corsican | The word "lotta" in Corsican can mean both a "fight" or an "argument." |
| Croatian | In Croatian, “borba” can also refer to a dispute or a debate, highlighting the broader spectrum of meanings encompassing conflict and contention. |
| Czech | The word "prát se" also means "to do laundry" in Czech, due to the historical association between fighting and the vigorous physical effort required for hand-washing clothes. |
| Danish | The word "kæmpe" in Danish can also mean "warrior" or "giant". |
| Dutch | The word "strijd" in Dutch also means "effort" or "struggle". |
| Esperanto | Esperanto's "batali" is a derivative of the Proto-Indo-European word "*bʰetu-," meaning "to strike". |
| Estonian | The Estonian word "võitlus" also has the meaning of “battle,” and is related to the Finnish “voitto” (“victory”). |
| Finnish | The word "taistella" is derived from the Proto-Finnic word "taisto", meaning "battle" or "fight". |
| French | The verb "bats toi" in French literally means "hit yourself" but has taken on the meaning of "fight". |
| Frisian | The Frisian word "fjochtsje" is thought to derive from the Proto-Germanic root "fekht-," meaning "to strive" or "to oppose." |
| Galician | Loitar comes from Latin “luctare” meaning “to fight” and it is also used in Galician to refer to the fight of animals. |
| Georgian | ბრძოლა ('fight') derives from the Proto-Kartvelian root *b(e)r-, which also means 'to defend,' 'to fight for,' and 'to defend oneself' |
| German | Kampf derives from Proto-Germanic "kamp-, " meaning conflict or battle, and is related to the English word "camp" |
| Greek | "Πάλη" also has a second, related meaning, "wrestling," and its origins can also be traced back to ancient Greek words like "πάλος," meaning "a peg or post," or "παλάσσω," meaning "to shake, brandish, wield." |
| Gujarati | "લડવા" can also mean "to argue" or "to quarrel". |
| Haitian Creole | The word "goumen" in Haitian Creole has also been used since the 1800s to mean "to wrestle" or "to box" |
| Hausa | Yaƙi also means "to struggle" or "to make an effort" in Hausa. |
| Hawaiian | Hakakā is the Hawaiian word for fighting, and it can also mean to argue or debate. |
| Hebrew | Originally a term in Talmudic Hebrew for the dispute between two litigants |
| Hindi | The word " लड़ाई " can refer to a physical confrontation, a conflict between opposing groups, or a struggle against difficulties. |
| Hmong | "Sib ntaus" is a Hmong word that can also mean "to engage in a game of hide-and-seek". |
| Hungarian | The word "harc" is of Turkish origin and originally meant "war" or "battle". |
| Icelandic | Bardagi derives from the word borda meaning "shield" |
| Igbo | The etymology of the Igbo word "lụọ ọgụ" likely stems from the phrase "lu ọkụ" meaning "to ignite a fire" and symbolizes the heated nature of a fight. |
| Indonesian | The word "pertarungan" comes from the Proto-Austronesian word *taruŋ which also means "fight" or "war". |
| Irish | The Irish word 'troid' can also refer to a 'violent fit of illness' or 'a bout of depression' depending on the context. |
| Italian | The word "combattimento" in Italian also refers to a musical composition for an instrumental ensemble, typically including at least one keyboard instrument and one or more stringed instruments. |
| Japanese | The word "戦い" can also refer to a legal dispute, a competition, a struggle against a disease, or a difficulty. |
| Javanese | The Javanese word "gelut" also refers to a traditional form of wrestling. |
| Kannada | The word "ಹೋರಾಟ" (fight) in Kannada is derived from the Sanskrit word "युद्ध" (battle) |
| Kazakh | The Kazakh word "ұрыс" also denotes "war" and "combat". |
| Korean | "싸움" (fight) is also used to refer to a 'quarrel' or 'argument'. |
| Kurdish | The Kurdish word "şer" also refers to evil or harm. |
| Kyrgyz | The word "күрөшүү" in Kyrgyz can also refer to wrestling, a traditional Central Asian sport. |
| Latin | The word “pugna” also refers to the “boxing” of a gladiator. |
| Latvian | The word "cīņa" in Latvian derives from the Proto-Indo-European root "*krei-n-“, meaning "to turn, to bend, to twist". |
| Lithuanian | "Kova" is cognate with Latvian "kauja" and Old Prussian "cowē"/"cauja," all meaning "fight". |
| Luxembourgish | In Luxembourgish, "kämpfen" also refers to the act of playing sports or engaging in a friendly competition. |
| Macedonian | While борба primarily means "fight," it can also refer to "wrestling" in Macedonian. |
| Malagasy | The word "ady" in Malagasy can also refer to a "battlefield" or a "challenge" |
| Malay | The word "melawan" not only means "to fight" but also "to resist" or "to oppose". |
| Maltese | The Maltese word "ġlieda" is derived from the Arabic word "jidal", meaning "quarrel" or "dispute". |
| Maori | Derived from the sound of a wooden club striking against flesh during a battle |
| Marathi | The word "लढा" in Marathi can also mean a quarrel or a battle. |
| Mongolian | The Mongolian word 'тэмцэх' not only means 'fight', but also 'compete', 'struggle', and in some contexts 'debate'. |
| Myanmar (Burmese) | The Burmese word "တိုက်" (taik) can also mean "to pound", "to strike", or "to hit" in various contexts. |
| Nepali | The word ‘लडाई’ can also mean ‘battle’, ‘war’, or ‘quarrel’. |
| Norwegian | "Slåss" is a strong verb in Norwegian. It can also be used in the context of debating or making music. |
| Nyanja (Chichewa) | "Nkhondo" derives from the Proto-Bantu root "-kondo" meaning "to fight, to battle, to war" or "to quarrel, to dispute, to argue." |
| Pashto | جګړه has additional meanings such as battle, fighting, fight, struggle, quarrel, and feud. |
| Persian | The word "مبارزه کردن" also has the meaning of "to compete", and originally comes from the concept of "wrestling against an opponent" |
| Polish | In some rural dialects of Polish, "walka" means "talking" or "chatting" |
| Portuguese (Portugal, Brazil) | "Luta" derives from the Latin "lucta" ("struggle") and also means "struggle" or "toil" in Portuguese. |
| Punjabi | The word 'ਲੜੋ' (fight) comes from the Sanskrit word 'युद्ध' (war), and also has the connotation of 'quarrel' or 'contention'. |
| Romanian | The Romanian word "luptă" derives from the Latin "lupta," meaning "contest" or "struggle," and is related to the English word "lute" |
| Russian | The Russian word "борьба" can also refer to a type of martial art, particularly wrestling or judo. |
| Samoan | (n.) battle, strife, combat; (v.) to strive to overcome, to struggle, to quarrel |
| Scots Gaelic | The Scots Gaelic word "sabaid" can also be used to denote "quarrel", "battle" or"conflict" |
| Serbian | In Ukrainian, fighting can also be conveyed as "боротися," which can also describe internal conflicts. |
| Sesotho | The word 'loana' can also refer to a battle or a boxing match. |
| Shona | In Shona, the word "kurwa" also means "to get ahead of someone." |
| Sindhi | The word "ويڙهه" is derived from the Arabic word "وغى" meaning "war" or "hostility" and also shares a root with the English word "foe". |
| Slovak | The word "boj" in Slovak also means "pain" and shares its root with the word "battle" in many Slavic languages. |
| Slovenian | The word "boj" in Slovenian comes from the Proto-Slavic word "*bojь", which also means "battle" or "war". |
| Somali | Dagaal is a Somali term used for a formal duel as well as an all-out battle or war. |
| Spanish | "Lucha" can also mean "professional wrestling" in Spanish. |
| Sundanese | The word 'gelut' (fight) in Sundanese may have originated from the word 'gelutungan' (rolling) which is related to physical fights involving rolling on the ground. |
| Swahili | The Swahili word 'pambana' has Proto-Bantu roots meaning 'to kill' and also refers to a battle between two individuals. |
| Swedish | "Bekämpa" has cognates in other Germanic languages such as "bekommen" in German which means "to defeat". |
| Tagalog (Filipino) | "Mag away" also means "to go away" and is derived from the phrase "mag-alis na nga," which means "to leave." |
| Tajik | The Tajik word "мубориза бурдан" can also mean "to compete" or "to struggle with someone." |
| Tamil | சண்டை can also mean "conflict" or "argument" in Tamil. |
| Telugu | The word "పోరాడండి" (fight) in Telugu is also used to mean "to argue" or "to grapple with a problem." |
| Thai | The word "ต่อสู้" can also mean "to strive" or "to struggle." |
| Turkish | The word "kavga" in Turkish is derived from the Arabic word "qawga" meaning "noise". It can also refer to a "dispute" or "argument". |
| Ukrainian | The word "бій" comes from the Old Slavonic word "boi" which means "battle" or "struggle". |
| Urdu | The word "لڑو" in Urdu can also mean "to compete" or "to quarrel". |
| Uzbek | The word "kurash" also refers to a traditional Uzbek wrestling style and a combat sport that combines wrestling and judo techniques. |
| Vietnamese | "Đánh nhau" also means to gamble, to bet, to play a game, etc. |
| Welsh | In addition, the word "ymladd" comes from the Old Welsh word "ymladaid", meaning "to strike". |
| Xhosa | Ukukwa's root, '-kwa', also means 'to cry', a link reinforced by the fact that the verb 'to cry' in many languages is onomatopoeic |
| Yiddish | The Yiddish word “קאַמף” also means “comb” and is related to the German “Kampf,” meaning “battle,” but the Yiddish word is also related to “קאַמען,” meaning “comb,” which comes from the Proto-Germanic word “kambo,” meaning “tooth”. |
| Yoruba | A cognate of "ja" is the word for "quarrel" in Gun, a Benin language related to Yoruba. |
| Zulu | The word 'ukulwa' also means 'to be angry' in Zulu. |
| English | The word “fight” originates from an Old English term meaning “to strive” or “to attempt” and was first used in a non-combative sense. |