Afrikaans skat | ||
Albanian vlerësim | ||
Amharic ግምት | ||
Arabic تقدير | ||
Armenian նախահաշիվ | ||
Assamese অনুমানিক | ||
Aymara munaña | ||
Azerbaijani təxmini | ||
Bambara ka jateminɛ | ||
Basque estimazioa | ||
Belarusian каштарыс | ||
Bengali অনুমান | ||
Bhojpuri आकलन | ||
Bosnian procijeniti | ||
Bulgarian оценка | ||
Catalan estimació | ||
Cebuano pagbanabana | ||
Chinese (Simplified) 估计 | ||
Chinese (Traditional) 估計 | ||
Corsican stima | ||
Croatian procjena | ||
Czech odhad | ||
Danish skøn | ||
Dhivehi އެސްޓިމޭޓް | ||
Dogri अंदाजा लाना | ||
Dutch schatting | ||
English estimate | ||
Esperanto takso | ||
Estonian hinnang | ||
Ewe bui | ||
Filipino (Tagalog) tantyahin | ||
Finnish arvio | ||
French estimation | ||
Frisian skatte | ||
Galician estimación | ||
Georgian შეფასება | ||
German schätzen | ||
Greek εκτίμηση | ||
Guarani mbojerovia | ||
Gujarati અંદાજ | ||
Haitian Creole estimasyon | ||
Hausa kimantawa | ||
Hawaiian kuhi manaʻo | ||
Hebrew לְהַעֲרִיך | ||
Hindi आकलन | ||
Hmong kwv yees | ||
Hungarian becslés | ||
Icelandic áætla | ||
Igbo atụmatụ | ||
Ilocano patta-patta | ||
Indonesian memperkirakan | ||
Irish meastachán | ||
Italian stima | ||
Japanese 見積もり | ||
Javanese ngira-ngira | ||
Kannada ಅಂದಾಜು | ||
Kazakh бағалау | ||
Khmer ប៉ាន់ស្មាន | ||
Kinyarwanda ikigereranyo | ||
Konkani अंदाज | ||
Korean 견적 | ||
Krio lɛk | ||
Kurdish texmînkirin | ||
Kurdish (Sorani) مەزەندەکردن | ||
Kyrgyz смета | ||
Lao ຄາດຄະເນ | ||
Latin estimate | ||
Latvian novērtējums | ||
Lingala komeka | ||
Lithuanian sąmata | ||
Luganda okuteebereza | ||
Luxembourgish schätzen | ||
Macedonian проценка | ||
Maithili आकलन | ||
Malagasy vinavina | ||
Malay anggaran | ||
Malayalam കണക്കാക്കുക | ||
Maltese stima | ||
Maori whakatau tata | ||
Marathi अंदाज | ||
Meiteilon (Manipuri) ꯆꯥꯡ ꯄꯥꯕ | ||
Mizo chhut | ||
Mongolian тооцоо | ||
Myanmar (Burmese) ခန့်မှန်းချက် | ||
Nepali अनुमान | ||
Norwegian anslag | ||
Nyanja (Chichewa) kulingalira | ||
Odia (Oriya) ଆକଳନ | ||
Oromo tilmaamuu | ||
Pashto اټکل | ||
Persian تخمین زدن | ||
Polish oszacowanie | ||
Portuguese (Portugal, Brazil) estimativa | ||
Punjabi ਅੰਦਾਜ਼ਾ | ||
Quechua yupay | ||
Romanian estima | ||
Russian оценить | ||
Samoan faatatau | ||
Sanskrit अनुमान | ||
Scots Gaelic tuairmse | ||
Sepedi akanya | ||
Serbian процена | ||
Sesotho lekanyetsa | ||
Shona fungidzira | ||
Sindhi اندازو | ||
Sinhala (Sinhalese) ඇස්තමේන්තුව | ||
Slovak odhad | ||
Slovenian oceno | ||
Somali qiyaas | ||
Spanish estimar | ||
Sundanese perkiraan | ||
Swahili kadirio | ||
Swedish uppskatta | ||
Tagalog (Filipino) tantyahin | ||
Tajik тахмин | ||
Tamil மதிப்பீடு | ||
Tatar смета | ||
Telugu అంచనా | ||
Thai ประมาณการ | ||
Tigrinya ግምት | ||
Tsonga pimanyeta | ||
Turkish tahmin | ||
Turkmen baha ber | ||
Twi (Akan) fa ani bu | ||
Ukrainian кошторис | ||
Urdu اندازہ لگانا | ||
Uyghur مۆلچەر | ||
Uzbek smeta | ||
Vietnamese ước tính | ||
Welsh amcangyfrif | ||
Xhosa uqikelelo | ||
Yiddish אָפּשאַצונג | ||
Yoruba iṣiro | ||
Zulu ukulinganisa |
| Language | Etymology / Notes |
|---|---|
| Afrikaans | In some Afrikaans dialects, "skat" can also mean "debt". It originally stems from nautical Dutch, from "schat" meaning "assessment". |
| Albanian | Albanian word "vlerësim" ("estimate") derives from the Latin root "valor" (value). |
| Amharic | Amharic's word for "estimate," ግምት, means "guess," but carries the nuance of being based on logical thinking, and also means "idea" or "judgment." |
| Arabic | The noun " تقدير" in Arabic derives from the verb "قدر", which can also mean to value or respect. |
| Armenian | The word "նախահաշիվ" is derived from the Armenian word "նախա", meaning "preliminary", and the Persian word "حساب", meaning "calculation", and it also has the alternate meaning of "budget" in Armenian. |
| Azerbaijani | The word "təxmini" can also mean "approximate" or "roughly". |
| Basque | Basque word "estimazioa" comes from the Latin word "aestimatio", meaning "appraisal" or "valuation". |
| Belarusian | The word "каштарыс" originates from the Proto-Slavic word *kъstorъ, meaning "cost" or "expense". |
| Bengali | The word "অনুমান" derives from Sanskrit and also means "inference" or "proof".} |
| Bosnian | The verb "procijeniti" in Bosnian also means "to evaluate" or "to assess". |
| Bulgarian | The word "оценка" also means "grade" or "mark" in Bulgarian. |
| Catalan | In Catalan, "estimació" can mean either "estimation" or "affection" depending on context. |
| Cebuano | The root word of "pagbanabana" is "banabana" which means "to guess." |
| Chinese (Simplified) | “估计”在中文中的本义是指“测度”,后引申出“计算”和“推断”等涵义。 |
| Chinese (Traditional) | "估計" 源自估量意思的「估」和推測意思的「計」,指對未知事物的猜測和判斷。 |
| Corsican | Corsican "stima" comes from Vulgar Latin "aestimare" which itself relates to the words "axis" and "stare". |
| Croatian | Procjena in Croatian can also mean a forecast or an assessment. |
| Czech | "Odhad" is also used as a name for a type of traditional Czech hat. |
| Danish | The Danish word "skøn" also means "beautiful" or "fair". |
| Dutch | The word “schatting” originally meant “tax” in Dutch, and is related to the German word “Schatzung”. |
| Esperanto | "Takso" is derived from the Proto-Slavic word "taksa" (tax, fee) and also means "class" in Estonian. |
| Estonian | Hinnang derives from the verb 'hinnama' (to appraise) and is related to the adjective 'hind' (dear, valuable). |
| Finnish | Arvio derives from an archaic verb *arvo- "to value, assess, judge" and is related to arvo "value, worth". |
| French | In French, 'estimation' can also refer to the value of something or a guess. |
| Frisian | In Frisian, "skatte" can also mean "guess" or "suppose". |
| Galician | "Estimación" comes from Latin "aestimatio" and can also mean "respect", "value", or "appreciation". |
| Georgian | The word "შეფასება" derives from the Persian "شمس" and is cognate to the Armenian "շասել" which means "to appraise, evaluate". |
| German | "Schätzen" can also refer to appreciating something or a situation, akin to the English verb "appreciate." |
| Greek | The word "εκτίμηση" also means "valuing" or "liking" in Greek. |
| Gujarati | The word "અંદાજ" is cognate with the Hindi word "अंदाज़" (andaaz), which in turn is probably derived from the Persian word "اندازه" (andaze), meaning "measure" or "proportion". |
| Haitian Creole | The word "estimasyon" also refers to the ritual of Haitian Vodou in which the spirits are consulted for guidance or requests. |
| Hausa | The word "kimantawa" also means "to guess" and "to expect" in Hausa. |
| Hawaiian | It originated from "huna" or "keep covered" and "manaʻo" or "thought" meaning "thought that must be covered". |
| Hebrew | The word "לְהַעֲרִיך" (laha'arikh) is derived from the root "ערך" (erekh), which means "value" or "worth", and can also mean "to evaluate" or "to appraise". |
| Hindi | The word "आकलन" (estimate) derives from the Sanskrit root "kal," meaning "to calculate" or "to think." |
| Hmong | The Hmong word "kwv yees" can also refer to a guess, or an educated guess. |
| Hungarian | Originally, Hungarian "becslé"s" comes from an old Slavonic verb, "bĭcěti," meaning "to value, appraise."} |
| Icelandic | Áætla can also be used to refer to a plan, calculation, or arrangement, all derived from the verb ætla meaning "to intend". |
| Igbo | The Igbo word "atụmatụ" originates from the verb "tụ", meaning "to gather" or "to collect", and "matụ", meaning "to count" or "to calculate". Therefore, "atụmatụ" literally means "gathering and counting" or "making calculations". |
| Indonesian | The word "memperkirakan" also means "to predict" or "to forecast." |
| Irish | The word 'meastachán' can also mean 'a guess', 'an opinion', or 'a reckoning'. |
| Italian | The word "stima" can also mean "respect" or "appreciation" in Italian. |
| Japanese | "見積もり" (estimate) can also mean "budget" or "quotation." |
| Javanese | The word "ngira-ngira" in Javanese is derived from the word "kira-kira" which means "guess" or "approximate". |
| Kannada | The word "ಅಂದಾಜು" can also refer to an "opinion" or "expectation". |
| Kazakh | The word "бағалау" can also mean "to evaluate" or "to assess". |
| Korean | The word "견적" in Korean is also used to refer to a "budget" or "quote" |
| Kurdish | In addition to its primary meaning as estimate, 'texmînkirin' also refers to 'foresee' in Kurdish. |
| Kyrgyz | "Сме́та" — заимствование с польского языка (от сметуй, сметовати, сметати) |
| Latin | The Latin word "aestimare" means to assess, evaluate, or consider the worth or value of something. |
| Latvian | "Novērtējums" is related to the word "vērtēt" (to estimate) and it also means "valuation", "assessment", "evaluation", "appraisal". |
| Lithuanian | The Lithuanian word "sąmata" derives from the verb "sąmatauti" (to estimate), which in turn comes from the Proto-Indo-European root *sem- (to think). |
| Luxembourgish | "Schätzen" is thought to originate from the Old High German word "saz" (meaning "session, judgment") or from the Old Norse word "skatt" (meaning "tax"). |
| Macedonian | The word "проценка" can also refer to a percentage or a markup in Macedonian. |
| Malagasy | The Malagasy word "vinavina" comes from the root "vina" which means "to count" or "to calculate." |
| Malay | The Malay word 'anggaran' is also the name of a traditional wooden house built on stilts found among ethnic groups like the Iban and Dayak, who are primarily from Malaysian Borneo. |
| Malayalam | The Malayalam word "കണക്കാക്കുക" (kanakkaakkuk) can also refer to "calculating," "judging," "considering," or "evaluating." |
| Maltese | The Maltese word "stima" derives from the Italian word "stimare," meaning "to esteem" or "to value." |
| Maori | In addition to meaning "estimate," "whakatau tata" also means "to guess" and "to conjecture." |
| Marathi | The word "अंदाज" in Marathi can also mean an opinion or a guess, suggesting its versatile usage in expressing approximations or judgments. |
| Mongolian | The word "тооцоо" also means "number" or "figure" in Mongolian. |
| Nepali | The word "अनुमान" can also mean "assumption" or "inference". |
| Norwegian | Norwegian "anslag" also means "the initial notes of a musical piece" or "the first move in a game". |
| Nyanja (Chichewa) | The word “kulingalira” means estimate but can also mean an imaginary plan or aspiration. |
| Pashto | The word "اټکل" in Pashto has its roots in the Persian word "انداره" meaning "measure" or "proportion". |
| Persian | The verb “تخمین زدن” (takhmin zadan) comes from the Persian word “تخم” (takhm), which means seed, and is related to the idea of making a guess based on limited information. |
| Polish | The Polish word "oszacowanie" is derived from the Proto-Indo-European root "ak", meaning "sharp" or "pointed", and originally referred to the act of sharpening a tool or weapon. |
| Portuguese (Portugal, Brazil) | The word "estimativa" in Portuguese comes from the Latin word "aestimatio," which means "appraisal" or "evaluation." |
| Romanian | The word "estima" also means "esteem", "value", or "consideration" in Romanian. |
| Russian | The word "оценить" originates from the Proto-Slavic term "*cěnьti", meaning "to prize, evaluate". It is related to the Latin word "censere", which means "to assess, estimate, be of the opinion". |
| Samoan | "Fa'atatau" can also mean to guess or to try something. |
| Scots Gaelic | Tuairmse, meaning 'estimate' in Scots Gaelic, is derived from the Old Irish 'tuairmesc,' which signifies 'reckoning' or 'computation.' |
| Serbian | The word "процена" is derived from an Old Slavic word "ценити" meaning "to value" and can also refer to a "price" in Serbian. |
| Sesotho | The word "lekanyetsa" in Sesotho is an adaptation of the English word "estimate\." |
| Shona | Fungidzira is related to 'funga' (guess) and 'dzira' (guessing game), but can also refer to a preliminary value. |
| Sindhi | The word 'اندازو' in Sindhi, meaning 'estimate', is derived from the Persian word 'اندازه' ('measure') and shares a similar meaning in many other Indo-Iranian languages. |
| Sinhala (Sinhalese) | "ඇස්තමේන්තුව" also means "the amount or rate at which something is valued or exchanged for something else". |
| Slovak | Slovak "odhad" derives from "od" (from) + "had" (throw), referring to an initial rough guess. |
| Slovenian | The word "oceno" in Slovenian shares its roots with the Latin word "oceanus", meaning "world ocean". Interestingly, the word "ocean" in English also derives from this Latin root. |
| Somali | In Somali, the word "qiyaas" can also mean "judgment" or "forecast". |
| Spanish | In Spanish, "estimar" also means "to love" or "to hold dear." |
| Sundanese | The word "perkiraan" comes from the Sundanese word "kira", which means "to think" or "to guess". |
| Swahili | "Kadirio" in Swahili also refers to a traditional form of property valuation using indigenous knowledge and measurements. |
| Swedish | The verb `uppskatta` can also mean `to appreciate`, akin to the English `to value`. |
| Tagalog (Filipino) | The word "tantyahin" in Tagalog comes from the Spanish word "tantear", which means "to test or experiment". |
| Tajik | The word "тахмин" comes from the Arabic word "تخمين" meaning "conjecture, guess". |
| Telugu | The word "అంచనా" in Telugu has an alternate meaning of an educated guess or an approximation. |
| Thai | The verb ประมาณการ (estimate), derived from the nounประมาณ (measure, ratio) and the suffix การ (action), implies "the action of finding the measure or ratio of something". |
| Turkish | Tahmin is related to Arabic 'tahawwum' - to be in doubt; with tahminim - to have suspicion; and the Turkish word "tahin" - which means "to be in a state of doubt." |
| Ukrainian | The word "кошторис" is also used in Ukrainian to refer to a financial planning document that outlines the estimated costs of a project. |
| Uzbek | "Smeta" is a cognate with the English word "sum" and originally referred to a sum of money or a total. |
| Vietnamese | Ước tính originated from the Sino-Vietnamese word "估計" (gū jì), which means "to guess" or "to gauge". |
| Welsh | In Welsh, "amcangyfrif" can also mean "conjecture, guess, or surmise." |
| Xhosa | The word 'uqikelelo' in Xhosa also has the meaning of 'expectation'. |
| Yiddish | "אָפּשאַצונג" is borrowed from the German "abschätzung" "appraisal, estimate" from the German prefix "ab" "off, from" and "schätzung" "estimation, appraisal" (from "schätzen" "to appraise, estimate") related to the Proto-Germanic "*skattan" "to pay, to assess". |
| Yoruba | The word "iṣiro" in Yoruba can also mean "forecast" or "prediction" |
| Zulu | The Zulu word "ukulinganisa" is also used to refer to comparing something to a standard. |
| English | The word "estimate" derives from the Latin "aestimare", meaning "to value" or "to judge", and is related to the English word "esteem". |