Afrikaans vuil | ||
Albanian i ndyrë | ||
Amharic ቆሻሻ | ||
Arabic قذر | ||
Armenian կեղտոտ | ||
Assamese লেতেৰা | ||
Aymara q'añu | ||
Azerbaijani çirkli | ||
Bambara nɔgɔlen | ||
Basque zikina | ||
Belarusian брудны | ||
Bengali নোংরা | ||
Bhojpuri गंदा | ||
Bosnian prljav | ||
Bulgarian мръсен | ||
Catalan brut | ||
Cebuano hugaw | ||
Chinese (Simplified) 脏 | ||
Chinese (Traditional) 臟 | ||
Corsican bruttu | ||
Croatian prljav | ||
Czech špinavý | ||
Danish snavset | ||
Dhivehi ހުތުރު | ||
Dogri गंदा | ||
Dutch vuil | ||
English dirty | ||
Esperanto malpura | ||
Estonian räpane | ||
Ewe ƒo ɖi | ||
Filipino (Tagalog) marumi | ||
Finnish likainen | ||
French sale | ||
Frisian smoarch | ||
Galician sucio | ||
Georgian ბინძური | ||
German dreckig | ||
Greek βρώμικος | ||
Guarani ky'a | ||
Gujarati ગંદા | ||
Haitian Creole sal | ||
Hausa datti | ||
Hawaiian lepo | ||
Hebrew מְלוּכלָך | ||
Hindi गंदा | ||
Hmong qias neeg | ||
Hungarian piszkos | ||
Icelandic skítugur | ||
Igbo unyi | ||
Ilocano narugit | ||
Indonesian kotor | ||
Irish salach | ||
Italian sporco | ||
Japanese 汚れた | ||
Javanese reged | ||
Kannada ಕೊಳಕು | ||
Kazakh лас | ||
Khmer កខ្វក់ | ||
Kinyarwanda umwanda | ||
Konkani घाण | ||
Korean 더러운 | ||
Krio dɔti | ||
Kurdish qirêjî | ||
Kurdish (Sorani) پیس | ||
Kyrgyz кир | ||
Lao ເປື້ອນ | ||
Latin sordidum | ||
Latvian netīrs | ||
Lingala mbindo | ||
Lithuanian purvinas | ||
Luganda -kyaafu | ||
Luxembourgish dreckeg | ||
Macedonian валкани | ||
Maithili गंदा | ||
Malagasy maloto | ||
Malay kotor | ||
Malayalam അഴുക്കായ | ||
Maltese maħmuġ | ||
Maori paru | ||
Marathi गलिच्छ | ||
Meiteilon (Manipuri) ꯑꯃꯣꯠꯄ | ||
Mizo bal | ||
Mongolian бохир | ||
Myanmar (Burmese) ညစ်ပတ်တယ် | ||
Nepali फोहोर | ||
Norwegian skitten | ||
Nyanja (Chichewa) zauve | ||
Odia (Oriya) ମଇଳା | ||
Oromo xuraa'aa | ||
Pashto چټل | ||
Persian کثیف | ||
Polish brudny | ||
Portuguese (Portugal, Brazil) sujo | ||
Punjabi ਗੰਦਾ | ||
Quechua qanra | ||
Romanian murdar | ||
Russian грязный | ||
Samoan palapala | ||
Sanskrit मलिनम् | ||
Scots Gaelic salach | ||
Sepedi ditqhila | ||
Serbian прљав | ||
Sesotho ditshila | ||
Shona tsvina | ||
Sindhi گندو | ||
Sinhala (Sinhalese) අපිරිසිදු | ||
Slovak špinavý | ||
Slovenian umazan | ||
Somali wasakh ah | ||
Spanish sucio | ||
Sundanese kotor | ||
Swahili chafu | ||
Swedish smutsig | ||
Tagalog (Filipino) marumi | ||
Tajik ифлос | ||
Tamil அழுக்கு | ||
Tatar пычрак | ||
Telugu మురికి | ||
Thai สกปรก | ||
Tigrinya ረሳሕ | ||
Tsonga thyakile | ||
Turkish kirli | ||
Turkmen hapa | ||
Twi (Akan) fi | ||
Ukrainian брудний | ||
Urdu گندا | ||
Uyghur مەينەت | ||
Uzbek iflos | ||
Vietnamese dơ bẩn | ||
Welsh budr | ||
Xhosa emdaka | ||
Yiddish גראָב | ||
Yoruba idọti | ||
Zulu kungcolile |
| Language | Etymology / Notes |
|---|---|
| Afrikaans | The Afrikaans word "vuil" derives from the Proto-West Germanic word "*wuljaz", meaning "dirty, polluted". |
| Albanian | The Albanian word "i ndyrë" also signifies "indecent" or "disgusting" in a non-literal sense. |
| Amharic | The word "ቆሻሻ" can also mean "worthless" or "useless" in Amharic. |
| Arabic | The word "قذر" (dirty) is derived from the verb "قذر" (to be dirty), which in turn comes from the root "ق د ر" (to be dirty, impure, or stained). |
| Azerbaijani | The word "çirkli" in Azerbaijani also means "ugly" or "unattractive". |
| Basque | The word "zikina" also has the alternate meaning of "miserly" or "stingy" in Basque. |
| Belarusian | The word "брудны" can also refer to "dishonest" or "unfair". |
| Bengali | "নোংরা" is also used to describe something that is impure or not clean, such as “tainted food” |
| Bosnian | The word "prljav" in Bosnian can also mean "indecent" or "obscene" in a more abstract sense. |
| Bulgarian | In Bulgarian, the word "мръсен" also has connotations of "naughty" or "vulgar." |
| Catalan | The word "brut" in Catalan also means "crude oil"} |
| Cebuano | The word "hugaw" is also used to mean "messy" or "unorganized." |
| Chinese (Simplified) | The character "脏" can also mean "viscera" or "internal organs" in Chinese traditional medicine. |
| Chinese (Traditional) | In Traditional Chinese, 臟 (zàng) also means "inner organs". |
| Corsican | The Corsican word "bruttu" also means "ugly" and comes from the Italian word "brutto" which means "rough". |
| Croatian | Prljav shares the same root as "prlina", which is a Slavic word for "soot". |
| Czech | The word "špinavý" is derived from the Proto-Slavic word "spina", meaning "dirt" or "grime." |
| Danish | The word 'snavset' is of Middle Low German origin, and its original meaning was 'to cut or tear'. |
| Dutch | The word "vuil" in Dutch also means "foul" or "mean". |
| Esperanto | "Malpura" in Esperanto is etymologically based on "malpuri" (to purify) indicating the act of removing impurities. |
| Estonian | The word 'räpane' is derived from the Proto-Finnic word 'räpänä', which means 'rotten' or 'decayed'. |
| Finnish | The word "likainen" can also refer to something that is stained or contaminated. |
| French | In French, "sale" also means "room" or "hall", and in that sense derives from the Latin "sala". |
| Frisian | The word 'smoarch' in Frisian, meaning 'dirty', is related to the Dutch word 'smerig', and originally meant 'painful' or 'smarting'. |
| Galician | In Galician, "sucio" also means "stingy". |
| German | Dreckig can also mean 'poor' or 'miserly' in some German dialects. |
| Greek | βρώμικος has the same root with βρώμα, meaning food, thus, in some older texts, it may mean 'smelly' or 'having a strong odor', which may be pleasant. |
| Gujarati | The Gujarati word "ગંદા" can also mean "foul-smelling" or "unclean". |
| Haitian Creole | "Sal" is a Haitian Creole word that means "dirty," but it also has other meanings, such as "mean," "bad," or "corrupt." |
| Hausa | Hausa has multiple words that translate to 'dirty' in English: 'datti', 'kazami', and 'mai ƙazanta'. 'Datti' is often used to describe physical dirtiness, while 'kazami' suggests moral impurity and 'mai ƙazanta' is less common. |
| Hawaiian | The word 'lepo' can also mean 'slippery' or 'oily' in Hawaiian. |
| Hebrew | מְלוּכלָך derives from the root 'לכלך' ('to soil') and may also refer to something 'stained' or 'soiled'. |
| Hindi | "गंदा" (gandā) is a Hindi word that can also mean 'unwholesome' or 'evil', derived from the Sanskrit word 'gandha' (scent) or 'gandha' (fragrance), and is related to the English word 'stink'. |
| Hmong | "Qias neeg" literally means "to not wash" in Hmong |
| Hungarian | It can also be an adjective to describe someone who is mean or dishonest, perhaps originating from a person with unwashed hands handling food making it dirty. |
| Icelandic | Skítugur also means 'naughty' or 'mischievous'. |
| Igbo | In Igbo, "unyi" is often used to refer to a state of ritual impurity, as distinct from physical uncleanliness. |
| Indonesian | The word "kotor" can also mean "filthy", "unclean", or "polluted". |
| Irish | The word 'salach' has an alternate meaning of 'filthy'. |
| Italian | Sporco, from the Late Latin spurcus meaning both "dirty" and "disgusting", is related to English "spurn" and "sparrow", whose names derive from its unappealing qualities. |
| Japanese | The word "汚れた" has a secondary meaning of "corrupted" or "tainted". |
| Javanese | The word "reged" in Javanese can also mean "grimy" or "soiled." |
| Kannada | The word "ಕೊಳಕು" can also mean "muddy" or "cloudy" in Kannada. |
| Kazakh | The word "лас" in Kazakh can also mean "to smear" or "to rub". |
| Khmer | The word 'កខ្វក់' is also used to describe something or someone that is unpleasant or disgusting. |
| Korean | The word 더러운 (dirty) can also mean "impure" or "unclean" in Korean. |
| Kurdish | The word "qirêjî" in Kurdish also means "unclean" or "impure", and is related to the Arabic word "qirāj" meaning "filth" or "impurity". |
| Kyrgyz | The word "кир" also means "pollution" in Kyrgyz. |
| Lao | The word ເປື້ອນ (dirty) originates from the word ປື້ອນ (to throw or fling), implying the act of throwing or getting something dirty on oneself.} |
| Latin | The Latin 'sordidum' (dirty) could also refer to 'a poor man' or 'a miserly man'. |
| Latvian | The Latvian word "netīrs" derives from the Proto-Indo-European root *ney-, meaning "to wash, to cleanse" and is cognate with the English word "neat". |
| Lithuanian | The word "purvinas" in Lithuanian derives from the Proto-Indo-European root "peu-" meaning "to rot", and it can also mean "nasty" or "disgusting". |
| Luxembourgish | It is derived from the Westphalian word 'dreckig' meaning 'dirty' |
| Macedonian | The word "валкани" in Macedonian is of Proto-Slavic origin and is related to the word "валя" (to roll). |
| Malagasy | The Malagasy word 'maloto' can also refer to a type of traditional Malagasy dance or to the act of cleaning oneself. |
| Malay | The word "kotor" can also mean "impure", "unclean", or "filthy". |
| Malayalam | The word 'അഴുക്കായ' can also mean 'unclean' or 'impure' in Malayalam. |
| Maltese | The word "maħmuġ" in Maltese is derived from the Arabic word "maḥmūd" meaning "praised" and has the archaic sense of "precious". |
| Maori | The Māori word 'paru' means 'brownish black', but can also refer to 'dirt' or 'soot', due to its association with dark colors. |
| Marathi | "गलिच्छ" can also mean "disgusting" or "offensive". |
| Mongolian | The word "бохир" can also mean "unclean" or "impure" in Mongolian. |
| Nepali | The word 'फोहोर' in Nepali can also refer to waste or trash. |
| Norwegian | The word "skitten" can also be used to describe a person who is unpleasant or untidy. |
| Nyanja (Chichewa) | The word "zauve" also means "bad" or "filthy" in Nyanja (Chichewa). |
| Pashto | The word "چټل" can also refer to "unfit" or "useless", and its feminine form "چټله" means "ugly". |
| Persian | The Persian word "کثیف" derives from the Arabic "قذیف", meaning "thrown out" and "impure". |
| Polish | The etymology of "brudny" is related to a Proto-Slavic root that also means "to boil". |
| Portuguese (Portugal, Brazil) | The word 'sujo' can also mean 'ugly', 'unclean', 'bad', 'unpleasant', 'unhealthy', 'sickly', or 'disgusting' |
| Punjabi | The word "ਗੰਦਾ" can also mean "unclean", "impure", or "contaminated" in Punjabi. |
| Romanian | The Romanian word "murdar" may derive from the Persian "murdār", meaning "corpse", or from the Latin "mordere", meaning "to bite". |
| Russian | In Russian, грязный can be used to describe someone who is morally or spiritually impure. |
| Samoan | The word 'palapala' in Samoan can also refer to something that is not clear or distinct. |
| Scots Gaelic | The word 'salach' also means 'dirty linen' or 'rags' in Gaelic. |
| Serbian | "Прљав" comes from the Proto-Slavic word *porlъ, meaning both "dirty" and "ashamed." |
| Sesotho | The word ditshila can also mean 'bad luck', 'evil', or 'curse' in Sesotho. |
| Shona | The word "tsvina" in Shona can also refer to a type of wild pumpkin. |
| Sindhi | In Sindhi, "گندو" also refers to a type of traditional earthenware pot used for cooking and storing food. |
| Sinhala (Sinhalese) | The word "අපිරිසිදු" ("dirty") in Sinhala (Sinhalese) originally meant "unclean" or "impure" in a religious context. |
| Slovak | The Slovak word "špinavý" can also mean "stained" or "muddy". |
| Slovenian | Umazan, meaning "dirty" in Slovenian, can also refer to a state of chaos or confusion, similar to the English phrase "a mess". |
| Somali | The word "wasakh ah" can also be used to describe the smell of unwashed clothes or the dirt on a person's hands. |
| Spanish | "Sucio" derives from Latin "sordido", meaning "defiled" or "polluted." |
| Sundanese | Kotor in Sundanese also means 'to get into' or 'to enter' something. |
| Swahili | The word "chafu" also means "mixed" or "impure" in Swahili. |
| Swedish | In the 17th century, 'smutsig' was considered a slang word for 'drunk' rather than 'dirty'. |
| Tagalog (Filipino) | "Marumi" is a euphemism for pregnancy that's rarely used nowadays but can still be heard in the countryside. |
| Tajik | The word "ифлос" can also mean "unclean" or "impure". It originates from the Persian word "ифлос". |
| Tamil | The word 'அழுக்கு' also refers to 'lack of clarity' or 'confusion' in Tamil. |
| Telugu | The word "మురికి" can also refer to "impure" or "impurity". |
| Thai | สกปรก in Thai also refers to something untidy, messy, or out of place |
| Turkish | The Turkish word 'kirli' originally meant 'dark', but later took on the meaning of 'dirty' due to the association between darkness and uncleanliness. |
| Ukrainian | The word "брудний" (brudnyy) in Ukrainian can also mean "unfavorable" or "unpleasant". |
| Urdu | The word "گندا" can also mean "unclean", "impure", or "indecent". |
| Uzbek | "Iflos" may also mean "worthless" or "unfortunate" and has a colloquial alternate form, "iflosa" |
| Vietnamese | The word "dơ bẩn" can also mean "unclean" or "polluted" in other contexts. |
| Welsh | "Budr" comes from "buidr", meaning "rotten", "corrupt", and "worthless". The plural "bydrau" refers to "rotten things". |
| Xhosa | The word 'emdaka' is also used to refer to a type of traditional dance performed by women in Xhosa culture. |
| Yiddish | The etymology of "grayb" is likely to be from West Yiddish via Central Yiddish "grebe." However, this might have been associated with Slavic words meaning "to rake together" and with Modern Yiddish "greyben" or "greybn" meaning "to dig." |
| Yoruba | The Yoruba word "idọti" can also refer to "filth" or "pollution". |
| Zulu | "Kungcolile" can also mean "filthy," "soiled," or "polluted" in Zulu. |
| English | The word 'dirty' can also refer to something that is morally wrong or impure. |