Depression in Different Languages
Discover 'Depression' in 134 Languages: Dive into Translations, Hear Pronunciations, and Uncover Cultural Insights.
Depression
Afrikaans depressie | ||
Albanian depresioni | ||
Amharic ድብርት | ||
Arabic كآبة | ||
Armenian ընկճվածություն | ||
Assamese উদাস | ||
Aymara pächasiña | ||
Azerbaijani depressiya | ||
Bambara farifaga | ||
Basque depresioa | ||
Belarusian дэпрэсія | ||
Bengali বিষণ্ণতা | ||
Bhojpuri अवसाद | ||
Bosnian depresija | ||
Bulgarian депресия | ||
Catalan depressió | ||
Cebuano kasubo | ||
Chinese (Simplified) 萧条 | ||
Chinese (Traditional) 蕭條 | ||
Corsican diprissioni | ||
Croatian depresija | ||
Czech deprese | ||
Danish depression | ||
Dhivehi ފިކުރުބޮޑުވުން | ||
Dogri दुआसी | ||
Dutch depressie | ||
English depression | ||
Esperanto depresio | ||
Estonian depressioon | ||
Ewe teteɖeanyi | ||
Filipino (Tagalog) depresyon | ||
Finnish masennus | ||
French la dépression | ||
Frisian depresje | ||
Galician depresión | ||
Georgian დეპრესია | ||
German depression | ||
Greek κατάθλιψη | ||
Guarani ãngakangy | ||
Gujarati હતાશા | ||
Haitian Creole depresyon | ||
Hausa damuwa | ||
Hawaiian kaumaha | ||
Hebrew דִכָּאוֹן | ||
Hindi डिप्रेशन | ||
Hmong kev nyuaj siab | ||
Hungarian depresszió | ||
Icelandic þunglyndi | ||
Igbo ịda mba | ||
Ilocano depresion | ||
Indonesian depresi | ||
Irish dúlagar | ||
Italian depressione | ||
Japanese うつ病 | ||
Javanese depresi | ||
Kannada ಖಿನ್ನತೆ | ||
Kazakh депрессия | ||
Khmer ការធ្លាក់ទឹកចិត្ត | ||
Kinyarwanda kwiheba | ||
Konkani ताण | ||
Korean 우울증 | ||
Krio pwɛl at | ||
Kurdish hişleqî | ||
Kurdish (Sorani) خەمۆکی | ||
Kyrgyz депрессия | ||
Lao ອາການຊຶມເສົ້າ | ||
Latin exanimationes incidamus | ||
Latvian depresija | ||
Lingala konyokwama na makanisi | ||
Lithuanian depresija | ||
Luganda ennaku | ||
Luxembourgish depressioun | ||
Macedonian депресија | ||
Maithili अवसाद | ||
Malagasy ketraka | ||
Malay kemurungan | ||
Malayalam വിഷാദം | ||
Maltese depressjoni | ||
Maori pouri | ||
Marathi औदासिन्य | ||
Meiteilon (Manipuri) ꯋꯥꯈꯜ ꯑꯋꯥꯕ ꯈꯟꯖꯤꯟꯕ | ||
Mizo lungngaihna | ||
Mongolian сэтгэлийн хямрал | ||
Myanmar (Burmese) စိတ်ကျရောဂါ | ||
Nepali डिप्रेसन | ||
Norwegian depresjon | ||
Nyanja (Chichewa) kukhumudwa | ||
Odia (Oriya) ଉଦାସୀନତା | ||
Oromo mukuu hamaa | ||
Pashto خپګان | ||
Persian افسردگی | ||
Polish depresja | ||
Portuguese (Portugal, Brazil) depressão | ||
Punjabi ਤਣਾਅ | ||
Quechua depresion | ||
Romanian depresie | ||
Russian депрессия | ||
Samoan faanoanoa | ||
Sanskrit निराशा | ||
Scots Gaelic trom-inntinn | ||
Sepedi kgatelelo ya monagano | ||
Serbian депресија | ||
Sesotho ho tepella maikutlo | ||
Shona kuora mwoyo | ||
Sindhi ڊپريشن | ||
Sinhala (Sinhalese) මානසික අවපීඩනය | ||
Slovak depresia | ||
Slovenian depresija | ||
Somali niyad jab | ||
Spanish depresión | ||
Sundanese déprési | ||
Swahili huzuni | ||
Swedish depression | ||
Tagalog (Filipino) pagkalumbay | ||
Tajik депрессия | ||
Tamil மனச்சோர்வு | ||
Tatar депрессия | ||
Telugu నిరాశ | ||
Thai โรคซึมเศร้า | ||
Tigrinya ጭንቀት | ||
Tsonga ntshikelelo | ||
Turkish depresyon | ||
Turkmen depressiýa | ||
Twi (Akan) hahaahayɔ | ||
Ukrainian депресія | ||
Urdu ذہنی دباؤ | ||
Uyghur چۈشكۈنلۈك | ||
Uzbek depressiya | ||
Vietnamese phiền muộn | ||
Welsh iselder | ||
Xhosa ukudakumba | ||
Yiddish דעפּרעסיע | ||
Yoruba ibanujẹ | ||
Zulu ukudana |
Etymology & Notes
| Language | Etymology / Notes |
|---|---|
| Afrikaans | The Afrikaans word “depressie” is also used to describe a meteorological low-pressure area. |
| Albanian | Albanian "depresioni" derives from the Latin "depressio," meaning "lowering"} |
| Amharic | The Amharic word "ድብርት" originally referred to a physical cavity or pit, and only later came to be used metaphorically for "depression" in the psychological sense. |
| Arabic | كآبة (depression) derives from the verb "كاب (to restrain, suppress)" and implies heaviness, narrowness, and restriction. |
| Azerbaijani | The word “depressiya” in Azerbaijani is derived from the French word “dépression” meaning “a low point” or “a decline”. It can also be used to refer to a geographical depression, such as a valley or a basin. |
| Basque | The word “depresioa” likely derives from the Basque “depresibo” (“depressive”) and the Proto-Indo-European root *dep- (“to sink or dive”), giving it a similar etymology to the English “depression”. |
| Belarusian | The Belarusian word "дэпрэсія" is derived from the Latin word "depressio", meaning "a pressing down" or "a lowering". |
| Bengali | বিষণ্ণতা literally means 'poisonous' and can also refer to a 'poisonous plant' or an 'antidote' depending on the context. |
| Bosnian | Depresija also means 'sunken in', 'depressed', 'low-lying' or 'crushed' in Bosnian. |
| Bulgarian | Depression is borrowed from the English "depression". |
| Catalan | In Catalan, the noun "depressió" means both "depression" and a low-pressure weather system. |
| Cebuano | Kasubo also means a kind of depression found on the surface of the moon. |
| Chinese (Simplified) | Its original meaning refers to a withered tree, and later extended to mean a situation of economic downturn. |
| Chinese (Traditional) | 蕭條 literally means 'the sound of falling leaves', connoting a sense of desolation and decline. |
| Corsican | The word "diprissioni" is also used in Corsican to refer to a low-lying area or hollow. |
| Croatian | In Croatian, "depresija" can also refer to a hollow or depression in the ground. |
| Czech | The word "deprese" in Czech also means "concavity" or "groove". |
| Danish | Depression derives from the Latin deprimere, meaning to press down. |
| Dutch | In Dutch, "depressie" can also refer to a low atmospheric pressure system, commonly known as a depression or a cyclone. |
| Esperanto | "Depresio" can also mean "depression" in the sense of an area of land that is lower than the surrounding area. |
| Estonian | The word "depressioon" in Estonian is a derivative of the Latin word "depressus", meaning low or downcast. |
| Finnish | The word "masennus" derives from "masentaa" (to depress/dishearten), which in turn comes from "masentava" (depressing) |
| French | In French, "la dépression" can also refer to a valley or a geographical depression. |
| Frisian | The word 'depresje' has other meanings in Frisian, such as 'low atmospheric pressure' or 'trough' |
| Galician | In Galician, the word “depresión” also means a sink or hollow in the land, a low point or a place where water accumulates |
| Georgian | The word "დეპრესია" comes from the French word "dépression" which means a "hollow" or "a sinking down." |
| German | The word "Depression" in German can also refer to a low atmospheric pressure area. |
| Greek | The word "κατάθλιψη" derives from the Greek words "κατά" (down) and "θλίβω" (press), signifying a state of being pressed down or overwhelmed. |
| Gujarati | The Gujarati word 'હતાશા' ('depression') can be traced back to the Sanskrit word 'हताश' ('hatasha'), meaning 'despair.' |
| Haitian Creole | Haitian Creole "depresyon" comes from "depression" in English and French describing a low or depressed area or a state of sadness. |
| Hausa | "Damuwa" is also used to refer to a state of being weary or exhausted. |
| Hawaiian | In Hawaiian, the word "kaumaha" can also refer to a form of physical exhaustion or fatigue. |
| Hebrew | The word "דיכאון" is derived from the Hebrew verb "דכדך" (dikdekh), meaning "to break down", "to crush", or "to humiliate". |
| Hindi | The word 'डिप्रेशन' in Hindi can also mean 'recession' or 'economic downturn' in English. |
| Hmong | "Kev nyuaj siab" means "depression" but is composed of the words "kev nyuaj": "pain" and "siab": "mind," thus literally meaning "pain of the mind." |
| Hungarian | In Hungarian, the word "depresszió" has a secondary meaning of "recession" or "economic downturn". |
| Icelandic | Þunglyndi is literally translated as 'heaviness of mind'. |
| Igbo | The Igbo word "ịda mba" also denotes feelings of sadness, dejection, or discouragement. |
| Indonesian | The Indonesian word "depresi" is derived from the Latin word "depressus," meaning "pressed down" or "low." |
| Irish | The term 'dúlagar' originates from the Irish word 'dólás', meaning 'sorrow' or 'grief', and is distinct from the modern word 'depression' used in English. |
| Italian | The word "depressione" derives from the Latin word "depressio", meaning "a pressing down". |
| Japanese | うつ病 ('depression') is also used in Japanese to describe a state of physical and mental exhaustion. |
| Javanese | The Javanese word "depresi" can also mean "to sink down" or "to be submerged." |
| Kannada | The word "ಖಿನ್ನತೆ" is of Sanskrit origin, and it can also mean "sadness" or "grief". |
| Kazakh | "Депрессия" в казахском также означает "опустошение" или "углубление" |
| Khmer | The Sanskrit word "daurmanasya", used in Ayurvedic scriptures, means both an upset stomach as well as depression; both meanings persist in Sanskrit-derived languages today, including Khmer. |
| Korean | "우울증" means depression in Korean, but it is also a compound word meaning "gloom + condition". |
| Kurdish | The term "hişleqî" in Kurdish shares a root with the Arabic word "ḥuznīyah" (sadness), underscoring the emotional aspects of depression. |
| Kyrgyz | The Kyrgyz word "депрессия" can also refer to a low point in a valley or a state of sadness or despondency. |
| Latin | The Latin word "exanimationes" means "depression" and is derived from the verb "exanimare", meaning "to deprive of life or spirit." |
| Latvian | The word "depresija" originates from the Latin word "deprimere", meaning "to press down". |
| Lithuanian | In Lithuanian, "depresija" can also mean a hollow, low-lying area, or a place where water collects. |
| Luxembourgish | In Luxembourgish, the word "Depressioun" can also refer to a valley or a low point in topography. |
| Macedonian | The Macedonian word "депресија" can also refer to a low-lying area or a dip in the terrain. |
| Malagasy | The Malagasy word "ketraka" originally meant "a state of being crushed" or "a feeling of oppression," but it has come to be used more generally to refer to depression. |
| Malay | The word "kemurungan" can also refer to a type of herbal medicine used to treat depression. |
| Malayalam | The word "വിഷാദം" in Malayalam can also mean "sorrow" or "grief". |
| Maltese | The Maltese term “depressjoni” comes from the Latin root “deprimere” which means to press down or weigh upon. |
| Maori | In Maori mythology, "pouri" refers to the darkness that existed before the creation of the world. |
| Marathi | The noun "औदासिन्य" derives from the Sanskrit words "उद्" and "अस" (outward, away from), and "आसीन" (to sit), hence it means "looking away, indifference."} |
| Mongolian | The word сэтгэлийн хямрал directly translates to "heartbreak" and initially referred to the physical pain people experienced from grief. |
| Nepali | Nepali "डिप्रेसन" also means "crushing" (of something) |
| Norwegian | In Norwegian, "depresjon" also has a second meaning, namely the low point or base of something. |
| Nyanja (Chichewa) | The term 'kukhumudwa' in Nyanja (Chichewa) encompasses not only clinical depression but also feelings of sadness, dejection, and low spirits. |
| Pashto | Depression in Pashto is called 'خپګان' because it gives a sense of suffocation and constriction. |
| Persian | The Persian word “افسردگی” is also used in a more literal sense to refer to “falling” or “sinking”. |
| Polish | The Polish word "depresja" derives from the Latin "depressus," meaning "pressed down" or "lowered." |
| Portuguese (Portugal, Brazil) | The Portuguese word "depressão" also means "hollow" or "cavity" in the context of terrain, anatomy, or a technical object. |
| Punjabi | The word "ਤਣਾਅ" can also mean a "stretch" of something, such as rope or cloth. |
| Romanian | In Romanian, "depresie" also means "valley," highlighting the connection between low mood and feelings of being at a low point. |
| Russian | In Russian, "депрессия" can also mean a geographical depression, valley, or hollow. |
| Samoan | The word “faanoanoa” means a heavy weight that affects someone mentally in Samoan. |
| Scots Gaelic | "Trom-inntinn" is a literal Gaelic term meaning "heaviness of mind." |
| Serbian | The word "депресија" (depresija) derives from the Latin word "depressus", meaning "pressed down" or "sunk down". |
| Shona | The Shona word 'kuora mwoyo' literally means 'to remove the heart' or 'to take away the spirit', capturing the emotional and spiritual weight associated with depression. |
| Sindhi | ڊپريشن (Depression) also means a hollow or a pit in Sindhi. |
| Slovak | The Slovak word "depresia" derives from Latin "depressus," meaning "pressed down" and "low-spirited." |
| Slovenian | The word "depresija" also means "hollow" in Slovenian. |
| Somali | The word "niyad jab" also means "sadness" or "grief" and is derived from the Somali word "niyad" meaning "mind" and "jab" meaning "bad". |
| Spanish | In Spanish "depresión" also refers to a geographical depression |
| Sundanese | Sundanese "déprési" can mean either "sad" or "low" in terms of altitude. |
| Swahili | Huzuni also refers to the feeling of sadness, sorrow, or dejection |
| Swedish | The Swedish word "depression" can also refer to a low-lying area of land. |
| Tagalog (Filipino) | The word "pagkalumbay" also means "gloominess" or "sadness", but it can also refer to a state of physical weakness or illness. |
| Tajik | Слово «депрессия» происходит от латинского «depressio», означающего «угнетение» или «подавление». |
| Tamil | The term "manachorvu" in Tamil has ancient roots, dating back to the Sangam era, where it referred to a state of "feeling low" or "being dispirited." |
| Telugu | The word "నిరాశ" can also mean "hopelessness" or "despair". |
| Thai | The Thai word "โรคซึมเศร้า" (depression) is derived from the Sanskrit word "เศร้า" (sorrow) and refers to a state of constant sadness or melancholy. |
| Turkish | Depresyon is also a Turkish verb meaning "to flatten or press down" and "to squeeze or wring" as well as a noun that means "flatness". |
| Ukrainian | The Ukrainian word "депресія" also means "low-lying area" and is related to the word "дипресія" meaning depression in Polish and "depression" in English. |
| Uzbek | "Depressiya" is also used to describe a geographical depression such as a hollow or a basin. |
| Vietnamese | "Phiền muộn" can also mean "vexation", "annoyance" or "disappointment." |
| Welsh | The Welsh word "iselder" can also refer to a state of lowliness or humility. |
| Xhosa | "Ukudakumba" also means "to dig" in Xhosa, suggesting that depression is seen as a deep hole or pit from which it is difficult to escape. |
| Yiddish | The Yiddish word "דעפּרעסיע" originates from the German "Depression" and means a depression in the ground, while in English it primarily refers to a mental state. |
| Yoruba | "Ibanuje" may also refer to "downheartedness", "sorrow", "grief", or "desolation" in Yoruba. |
| Zulu | The word 'ukudana' shares the same root with 'ukudana', meaning 'to dig', implying a deep emotional pit. |
| English | The word "depression" derives from the Latin "deprimere", meaning "to press down" or "to sink". |