Afrikaans demonstrasie | ||
Albanian demonstrim | ||
Amharic ማሳያ | ||
Arabic برهنة | ||
Armenian ցույց | ||
Assamese প্ৰদৰ্শন | ||
Aymara uñacht’ayaña | ||
Azerbaijani nümayiş | ||
Bambara ɲɛjirali kɛ | ||
Basque manifestazioa | ||
Belarusian дэманстрацыя | ||
Bengali প্রদর্শন | ||
Bhojpuri प्रदर्शन के आयोजन भइल | ||
Bosnian demonstracija | ||
Bulgarian демонстрация | ||
Catalan demostració | ||
Cebuano pasundayag | ||
Chinese (Simplified) 示范 | ||
Chinese (Traditional) 示範 | ||
Corsican manifestazione | ||
Croatian demonstracija | ||
Czech demonstrace | ||
Danish demonstration | ||
Dhivehi މުޒާހަރާ ކުރުމެވެ | ||
Dogri प्रदर्शन करना | ||
Dutch demonstratie | ||
English demonstration | ||
Esperanto manifestacio | ||
Estonian meeleavaldus | ||
Ewe wɔwɔfia | ||
Filipino (Tagalog) pagpapakita | ||
Finnish esittely | ||
French manifestation | ||
Frisian demonstraasje | ||
Galician demostración | ||
Georgian დემონსტრაცია | ||
German demonstration | ||
Greek επίδειξη | ||
Guarani demostración rehegua | ||
Gujarati નિદર્શન | ||
Haitian Creole demonstrasyon | ||
Hausa zanga-zanga | ||
Hawaiian hōʻike hōʻikeʻike | ||
Hebrew הפגנה | ||
Hindi प्रदर्शन | ||
Hmong qauv qhia | ||
Hungarian demonstráció | ||
Icelandic sýnikennsla | ||
Igbo ngosipụta | ||
Ilocano demonstrasion | ||
Indonesian demonstrasi | ||
Irish taispeántais | ||
Italian dimostrazione | ||
Japanese デモンストレーション | ||
Javanese demonstrasi | ||
Kannada ಪ್ರದರ್ಶನ | ||
Kazakh демонстрация | ||
Khmer ការបង្ហាញ | ||
Kinyarwanda imyigaragambyo | ||
Konkani निदर्शन केलें | ||
Korean 데모 | ||
Krio demonstreshɔn | ||
Kurdish xwepişanî | ||
Kurdish (Sorani) خۆپیشاندان | ||
Kyrgyz демонстрация | ||
Lao ສາທິດ | ||
Latin demonstrationem | ||
Latvian demonstrācija | ||
Lingala elakiseli | ||
Lithuanian demonstracija | ||
Luganda okwolesebwa | ||
Luxembourgish manifestatioun | ||
Macedonian демонстрација | ||
Maithili प्रदर्शन | ||
Malagasy fampisehoana | ||
Malay demonstrasi | ||
Malayalam പ്രകടനം | ||
Maltese dimostrazzjoni | ||
Maori whakaaturanga | ||
Marathi प्रात्यक्षिक | ||
Meiteilon (Manipuri) ꯗꯦꯃꯣꯟꯁꯠꯔꯦꯁꯟ ꯇꯧꯕꯥ꯫ | ||
Mizo demonstration neih a ni | ||
Mongolian жагсаал | ||
Myanmar (Burmese) သရုပ်ပြ | ||
Nepali प्रदर्शन | ||
Norwegian demonstrasjon | ||
Nyanja (Chichewa) chionetsero | ||
Odia (Oriya) ପ୍ରଦର୍ଶନ | ||
Oromo agarsiisa agarsiisa | ||
Pashto مظاهره | ||
Persian تظاهرات | ||
Polish demonstracja | ||
Portuguese (Portugal, Brazil) demonstração | ||
Punjabi ਪ੍ਰਦਰਸ਼ਨ | ||
Quechua demostración nisqapi | ||
Romanian demonstrație | ||
Russian демонстрация | ||
Samoan faʻaaliga | ||
Sanskrit प्रदर्शनम् | ||
Scots Gaelic taisbeanadh | ||
Sepedi pontšho | ||
Serbian демонстрација | ||
Sesotho pontsho | ||
Shona kuratidzira | ||
Sindhi مظاهرو | ||
Sinhala (Sinhalese) නිරූපණය | ||
Slovak ukážka | ||
Slovenian demonstracija | ||
Somali banaanbax | ||
Spanish demostración | ||
Sundanese démo | ||
Swahili maandamano | ||
Swedish demonstration | ||
Tagalog (Filipino) pagpapakita | ||
Tajik намоиш | ||
Tamil ஆர்ப்பாட்டம் | ||
Tatar демонстрация | ||
Telugu ప్రదర్శన | ||
Thai สาธิต | ||
Tigrinya ሰልፊ ምርኢት ኣቕሪቡ። | ||
Tsonga nkombiso | ||
Turkish gösteri | ||
Turkmen demonstrasiýa | ||
Twi (Akan) ɔyɛkyerɛ | ||
Ukrainian демонстрація | ||
Urdu مظاہرے | ||
Uyghur نامايىش | ||
Uzbek namoyish | ||
Vietnamese cuộc biểu tình | ||
Welsh arddangosiad | ||
Xhosa umboniso | ||
Yiddish דעמאָנסטראַציע | ||
Yoruba ifihan | ||
Zulu ukuboniswa |
| Language | Etymology / Notes |
|---|---|
| Afrikaans | The Afrikaans word "demonstrasie" also means "protest" and originates from the Dutch word "demonstratie". |
| Albanian | The word "demonstrim" is a cognate of the Latin word "demonstratio", meaning "proof" or "evidence." |
| Amharic | ማሳያ is also used to refer to a display, an exhibition, or a performance. |
| Arabic | برهنة literally means a 'proof', a proposition or the act of proving |
| Armenian | The word "ցույց" is derived from the Indo-European root *skeu-, meaning "to show" or "to demonstrate". |
| Azerbaijani | "Nümayiş" in Azerbaijani can also mean "display" or "exhibition". |
| Basque | The Basque word "manifestazioa" also refers to a public expression of joy by a large group as during a sporting tournament. |
| Belarusian | The Belarusian word "дэманстрацыя" (demonstration) ultimately derives from the Latin "demonstratio" (an act of pointing out), but it has also acquired the alternate meaning of "protest" in Belarusian. |
| Bengali | In Bengali, "প্রদর্শন" also means a display, exposition, or exhibition. |
| Bosnian | The word "demonstracija" can also refer to a military exercise or review. |
| Bulgarian | The word "демонстрация" (demonstration) can also refer to a protest or rally in Bulgarian. |
| Catalan | In Catalan, "demostració" can also refer to a public exam at the end of university studies, similar to a viva voce or oral defense. |
| Cebuano | The Cebuano word 'pasundayag' is derived from the Proto-Malayo-Polynesian root *sundaŋ, meaning 'to show' or 'to exhibit'. |
| Chinese (Simplified) | 示范 (shìfàn) is also used to show or reveal something that is not yet known or understood. |
| Chinese (Traditional) | The word "示範" (shìfàn) is derived from the compound of "示" (shì), "to show" and "範" (fàn), "a model" meaning "showing a model" or "setting an example". |
| Corsican | "Manifestazione", which derives from Latin "manifestatio", in Corsican language means also "phenomenon, evidence". |
| Croatian | Demonstracija derives from the Greek "deiknumi", meaning "to show forth, point out", and also means "show" in Italian and Spanish. |
| Czech | In Czech, "demonstrace" can also refer to a "protest" or "march". |
| Danish | In Danish, the word "demonstration" can also mean "exhibition" or "proof". |
| Dutch | In Dutch, "demonstratie" also means "lecture" or "explanation". |
| Esperanto | "Manifestacio" can also refer to a declaration or statement |
| Estonian | The Estonian word "meeleavaldus" (demonstration) is formed from the genitive singular form of the word "meel" (mind, disposition, mood, will) and the suffix "-avaldus" (-ance, -ation), hence the literal meaning "expression of the mind". |
| Finnish | "Esittely" is a Finnish word meaning "demonstration; presentation; introduction; performance; exposition;" and a derivative of the word "esittää" meaning "to present; to demonstrate; to perform; to show; to exhibit; to propose; to offer; to appear; to be present; to exist; to be in stock; to be available; to be on display; to be offered; to be for sale". |
| French | In French, "manifestation" not only means "demonstration" but also "indication" or "proof" of something's existence. |
| Frisian | The Frisian word "demonstraasje" also has the meaning of "protest". It is derived from French and is similar to German and English "demonstration". |
| Galician | "Demostración" means "example" or "proof" in Galician. |
| German | The German word "Demonstration" can also refer to a lecture or presentation, especially in an academic or scientific context. |
| Greek | The verb επιδείκνυμι meant only “show off; point out” (cf LSJ). The semantic shift to “prove (a proposition)” may be postclassical. |
| Gujarati | The Gujarati word "નિદર્શન" originally meant a "proof" and later gained the additional meaning of a "display for public view". |
| Haitian Creole | In Haiti, "demonstrasyon" also means a large crowd, such as the crowd at a funeral or a demonstration itself. |
| Hausa | The word "zanga-zanga" also means "riot" in Hausa. |
| Hawaiian | The word "hōʻike hōʻikeʻike" has a secondary definition of "to make a point" in Hawaiian and can also mean "a show" or "an exhibition." |
| Hebrew | The Hebrew word "הפגנה" (hipgana) also means "a showoff", "a manifestation" or even "a revelation." |
| Hindi | The word "प्रदर्शन" can also mean "exhibition" or "show". |
| Hmong | "Qauv qhia" can also mean: 1. example; model; 2. to show sb how to do sth; to teach sb how to do sth; to guide sb to do sth; 3. to introduce sb to sb; 4. to display; to put smth on display." |
| Hungarian | As a noun, "demonstráció" only means "demonstration"; as a verb, it also means "to demonstrate, to illustrate, to prove". |
| Icelandic | Originally, "sýnikennsla" meant "knowledge proven by observation and experiment" in Icelandic, and is only later that it came to mean "demonstration" in the modern sense. |
| Igbo | The Igbo word 'ngosipụta' can refer to performing theatrical plays, staging public protests, or simply exhibiting something. |
| Indonesian | In Indonesian, demonstrasi also means "evidence" or "proof" when used in the legal context. |
| Irish | An alternate meaning of "taispeántais" is "epiphany", from the Greek "epiphaneia" meaning "manifestation". |
| Italian | "Dimostrazione" (literally "showing") also means "mathematical proof" in Italian. |
| Japanese | "Demonstration" is a word that has several different meanings in English, including a public display of protest or support, a presentation of a product or idea, or a test of a product or system. |
| Javanese | In Javanese, the word "demonstrasi" can also refer to an assembly of people to perform or witness a ritual or tradition. |
| Kannada | The word "ಪ್ರದರ್ಶನ" has the additional meaning of "exhibition" or "display". |
| Kazakh | In Kazakh, "демонстрация" can also refer to a "show" or "presentation" |
| Khmer | The word "ការបង្ហាញ" in Khmer can also mean "an act of presenting or showing something" or "a display of skill or knowledge." |
| Korean | The Korean word "데모" (demonstration) can also refer to a protest or rally. |
| Kyrgyz | The Kyrgyz word "демонстрация" can also refer to a public gathering to express support or protest, or a military display of force. |
| Lao | The word "ສາທິດ" in Lao can also refer to a ritual or ceremony performed to appease spirits or deities. |
| Latin | In Latin, "demonstrationem" can also mean "evidence", "proof", or "argumentation" |
| Latvian | The word “demonstrācija” can also mean “proof”, “evidence”, or “manifestation” in Latvian. |
| Lithuanian | The Lithuanian word "demonstracija" has its roots in the Latin "demonstrare", meaning "to point out, show, or prove" |
| Luxembourgish | The word "Manifestatioun" in Luxembourgish shares the same etymology as the English word "manifestation" and can also refer to a "public display" or "indication". |
| Macedonian | In Macedonian, "демонстрација" can also refer to a protest, rally, or march. |
| Malagasy | Fampisehoana is also a derivative of “pisehoana”, which means performance or representation. |
| Malay | In Malay, 'demonstrasi' can also refer to a performance or exhibition meant to display something. |
| Malayalam | The word "പ്രകടനം" can also mean "an exhibition" or "a performance". |
| Maltese | The word “dimostrazzjoni” comes from the verb “dimostrare”, meaning “to show” or “to prove”. |
| Maori | The word "whakaaturanga" can also mean "evidence" or "proof". |
| Marathi | प्रात्यक्षिक (prātyakṣika) is also used in some contexts to mean a type of metaphysical knowledge or evidence based on direct perception. |
| Mongolian | The Mongolian word "жагсаал" can also refer to a "list", "inventory", or "roster", and is related to the verb "жагсах" ("to be in order or in a row"). |
| Nepali | The Devanagari-script term प्रदर्शन, which also appears in Nepali, Hindi and Sanskrit, originally implied "revelation, disclosure" and "exhibition". |
| Norwegian | In Norwegian, "demonstrasjon" can also mean "exhibition" or "presentation". |
| Nyanja (Chichewa) | The word 'chionetsero' in Nyanja is also used to mean 'show' or 'exhibition'. |
| Pashto | In Pashto, مظاهره may also mean “to participate in a protest”. |
| Persian | The word "تظاهرات" can also mean "pretensions" or "claims" in Persian. |
| Polish | The Polish word "demonstracja" derives from the Latin "demonstrare", meaning "to show" or "to point out". |
| Portuguese (Portugal, Brazil) | "Demonstração" is also used to refer to a financial statement in Brazil and Portugal. |
| Romanian | The Romanian word "demonstrație" is derived from the Latin "demonstratio", meaning "proof". |
| Russian | The word "демонстрация" (demonstration) in Russian can also mean a "political rally" or "street protest." |
| Samoan | The Samoan word "faʻaaliga" also means "exhibition" or "display". |
| Scots Gaelic | 'Taisbeanadh' may also refer to 'display' or 'exhibition'. |
| Serbian | The Serbian word "демонстрација" can also mean "proof" or "evidence". |
| Sesotho | In Sesotho, the word "pontsho" not only means demonstration but also refers to a type of traditional performance involving dancing and singing. |
| Shona | The word 'kuratidzira' in Shona is derived from the verb 'kuratidza' meaning 'to show or exhibit' and the noun 'dzira' meaning 'a model or example'. This word can also refer to a rehearsal or test performance. |
| Sindhi | The word "مظاهرو" is also a slang term referring to a "fake" protest. |
| Sinhala (Sinhalese) | නිරූපණය derives from Sanskrit 'nirupanam', meaning the act of stating or showing, and also refers to an artistic performance. |
| Slovak | "Ukážka" can also be used in the sense of "taste", "sample" or "example". |
| Slovenian | The Slovenian word for "demonstration", "demonstracija", can also refer to a type of play that is staged without costumes or sets. |
| Somali | The word "banaanbax" literally translates to "calling out with a loudspeaker", a method commonly used for announcements and protests. |
| Spanish | The word "demostración" comes from the Latin word "demonstratio," which means "proof" or "evidence." |
| Sundanese | 'Démo' in Sundanese also means a kind of traditional Sundanese music accompanied by drums and singing. |
| Swahili | Maandamano comes from the root word panda, meaning to spread out or scatter. |
| Swedish | The word "demonstration" in Swedish has other meanings, including "proof" or "experiment". |
| Tagalog (Filipino) | "Pagpapakita" can also refer to a religious procession or display of religious images. |
| Tajik | The word "намоиш" in Tajik can also refer to a religious performance or festival. |
| Telugu | "ప్రదర్శన" (demonstration) comes from the Sanskrit word `pra-darsana`, meaning "to bring to the notice". It can also imply "a public act of protest". |
| Thai | The word "สาธิต" also means "demonstration school" as in "จุฬาลงกรณ์มหาวิทยาลัยสาธิตปทุมวัน" (Chulalongkorn University Demonstration School, Pathumwan). |
| Turkish | "Gösteri" also means "performance" or "show" in Turkish. |
| Ukrainian | The Ukrainian word "демонстрація" also means "expression". |
| Uzbek | The Uzbek word "namoyish" also has the meaning "to show," as in "to show a movie." |
| Vietnamese | "Cuộc biểu tình" is derived from the French word "manifestation", meaning "evidence" or "proof". |
| Welsh | In Welsh mythology, 'arddangosiad' referred to a 'public assembly' or 'proclamation'. |
| Xhosa | Umboniso derives from the verb ukubonisa, "to cause to see", which itself comes from the root -bon-, "to see". |
| Yiddish | The Yiddish word "דעמאָנסטראַציע" ("demonstration") is derived from the Latin word "demonstratio", which means "showing" or "proof." |
| Yoruba | "Ìfihàn" can also mean "a warning" or "an example". |
| Zulu | The Zulu word "ukuboniswa" is also used in a broader sense to mean "proof" or "evidence". |
| English | In the 15th century, 'demonstration' referred to 'proof of a proposition' rather than 'public display'. |