Afrikaans kommersieel | ||
Albanian komerciale | ||
Amharic የንግድ | ||
Arabic تجاري | ||
Armenian առևտրային | ||
Assamese বাণিজ্যিক | ||
Aymara qhathu | ||
Azerbaijani kommersiya | ||
Bambara jago | ||
Basque komertziala | ||
Belarusian камерцыйны | ||
Bengali ব্যবসায়িক | ||
Bhojpuri व्यावसायिक | ||
Bosnian komercijalno | ||
Bulgarian търговски | ||
Catalan comercial | ||
Cebuano komersyal | ||
Chinese (Simplified) 商业的 | ||
Chinese (Traditional) 商業的 | ||
Corsican cummerciale | ||
Croatian komercijalni | ||
Czech komerční | ||
Danish kommerciel | ||
Dhivehi ވިޔަފާރި | ||
Dogri तजारती | ||
Dutch reclame | ||
English commercial | ||
Esperanto komerca | ||
Estonian kaubanduslikud | ||
Ewe si wole dzadzram | ||
Filipino (Tagalog) komersyal | ||
Finnish kaupallinen | ||
French commercial | ||
Frisian kommersjeel | ||
Galician comercial | ||
Georgian კომერციული | ||
German kommerziell | ||
Greek εμπορικός | ||
Guarani ñemurã | ||
Gujarati વ્યાપારી | ||
Haitian Creole komèsyal | ||
Hausa kasuwanci | ||
Hawaiian kālepa | ||
Hebrew מִסְחָרִי | ||
Hindi व्यावसायिक | ||
Hmong kev ua lag luam | ||
Hungarian kereskedelmi | ||
Icelandic auglýsing | ||
Igbo azụmahịa | ||
Ilocano mailako | ||
Indonesian komersial | ||
Irish tráchtála | ||
Italian commerciale | ||
Japanese 商業の | ||
Javanese komersial | ||
Kannada ವಾಣಿಜ್ಯ | ||
Kazakh коммерциялық | ||
Khmer ពាណិជ្ជកម្ម | ||
Kinyarwanda ubucuruzi | ||
Konkani वाणिज्य | ||
Korean 상업 | ||
Krio biznɛs | ||
Kurdish bazirganî | ||
Kurdish (Sorani) بازرگانی | ||
Kyrgyz соода | ||
Lao ການຄ້າ | ||
Latin commercial | ||
Latvian komerciāla | ||
Lingala ya mombongo | ||
Lithuanian komercinis | ||
Luganda busuubuzi | ||
Luxembourgish kommerziell | ||
Macedonian комерцијални | ||
Maithili वाणिज्यिक | ||
Malagasy ara-barotra | ||
Malay komersial | ||
Malayalam വാണിജ്യപരമായ | ||
Maltese kummerċjali | ||
Maori arumoni | ||
Marathi व्यावसायिक | ||
Meiteilon (Manipuri) ꯁꯦꯜ ꯇꯥꯟꯅꯕ | ||
Mizo sumdawn nan hmang | ||
Mongolian арилжааны | ||
Myanmar (Burmese) စီးပွားဖြစ် | ||
Nepali व्यवसायिक | ||
Norwegian kommersiell | ||
Nyanja (Chichewa) zamalonda | ||
Odia (Oriya) ବ୍ୟବସାୟିକ | ||
Oromo kan daldalaa | ||
Pashto سوداګریز | ||
Persian تجاری | ||
Polish reklama w telewizji | ||
Portuguese (Portugal, Brazil) comercial | ||
Punjabi ਵਪਾਰਕ | ||
Quechua qatuna | ||
Romanian comercial | ||
Russian коммерческий | ||
Samoan pisinisi | ||
Sanskrit वाणिज्यिक | ||
Scots Gaelic malairteach | ||
Sepedi merero ya kgwebo | ||
Serbian комерцијални | ||
Sesotho khoebo | ||
Shona vezvokutengeserana | ||
Sindhi ڪاروباري | ||
Sinhala (Sinhalese) වාණිජ | ||
Slovak komerčný | ||
Slovenian komercialni | ||
Somali ganacsi | ||
Spanish comercial | ||
Sundanese komérsial | ||
Swahili kibiashara | ||
Swedish kommersiell | ||
Tagalog (Filipino) komersyal | ||
Tajik тиҷоратӣ | ||
Tamil வணிகரீதியானது | ||
Tatar коммерция | ||
Telugu వాణిజ్య | ||
Thai เชิงพาณิชย์ | ||
Tigrinya ንግዳዊ | ||
Tsonga swa bindzu | ||
Turkish ticari | ||
Turkmen täjirçilik | ||
Twi (Akan) adwadie | ||
Ukrainian комерційний | ||
Urdu تجارتی | ||
Uyghur سودا | ||
Uzbek tijorat | ||
Vietnamese thương mại | ||
Welsh masnachol | ||
Xhosa ezorhwebo | ||
Yiddish געשעפט | ||
Yoruba ti owo | ||
Zulu ezentengiso |
| Language | Etymology / Notes |
|---|---|
| Afrikaans | The word "kommersieel" in Afrikaans can also be used to mean "of a vulgar nature" or "lacking in good taste". |
| Albanian | "Komerciale" is derived from the Italian word "commerciale," which means "commercial," but it can also have the connotation of being "vulgar" or "unrefined" in Albanian. |
| Amharic | The Amharic word "የንግድ" not only means "commercial" but also refers to "trade" or "business". |
| Arabic | The word "تجاري" ("commercial") in Arabic can also mean "merchandise" or "goods" |
| Azerbaijani | The Russian word коммерция "kommersiya" is borrowed into Azerbaijani and has the broader meaning of "business" in addition to "commercial". |
| Basque | The Basque word “komertziala” can also refer to a place or business where goods are sold, similar to the English word “shop”. |
| Belarusian | The word "камерцыйны" derives from the Greek word "κάμαρα" (kámara), meaning "vault" or "chamber". Over time, the meaning shifted to refer to a place of business or commerce. |
| Bengali | ব্যবসায়িক is derived from ব্যবসা, meaning "business" or "trade" in Sanskrit. |
| Bosnian | The word "komercijalno" in Bosnian has the same root as the English word "commerce" and can also mean "trade" or "business". |
| Bulgarian | The Bulgarian word "търговски" can also mean "wholesale", "commercial", or "for sale". |
| Catalan | Catalan "comercial" can also mean a "commercial agent" or "sales representative." |
| Cebuano | The Cebuano word "komersyal" is also used to refer to "advertising" or "promotion", and is likely derived from the Spanish word "comercio" meaning "trade" or "commerce". |
| Chinese (Simplified) | 在中文里,"商业的"还可以指涉及商业活动或利益的。 |
| Chinese (Traditional) | 「商業的」在古代漢語裡意為「討論」,現代漢語則意為「商業方面的」或「營利性質的」 |
| Corsican | The Corsican word "cummerciale" is derived from the Italian "commerciale", ultimately from the Latin "commercium", meaning "trade" or "commerce". |
| Croatian | The word 'komercijalni' in Croatian also has an alternate meaning of 'profit-making' or 'lucrative'. |
| Czech | The word "komerční" in Czech has a more general meaning of "business" or "economic" than its English counterpart "commercial". |
| Danish | The word 'kommerciel' can also mean 'businesslike' or 'practical' in Danish. |
| Dutch | In Dutch, "reclame" means "commercial," but in French, it also means "claim" or "advertisement." |
| Esperanto | Komerca became a false friend in Esperanto but is a valid word in Interlingua, meaning "commerce" or "trade" |
| Estonian | A form of the word "kaubanduslikud" ("commercial") with a different suffixation has also been used to denote goods sold by merchants. |
| Finnish | Kaupallinen is derived from the Proto-Germanic *kaupō, meaning 'merchant' or 'trader'. |
| French | The French word "commerciale" also means "of or relating to a television or radio advertisement". |
| Frisian | "Kommersjeel" in Frisian is derived from French "commerce" (trade), and has the additional meanings "vulgar" and "materialistic". |
| Georgian | The word "კომერციული" (commercial) is derived from the Latin word "commercium," which means "intercourse," and the French word "commercial," which means "relating to trade or commerce." |
| German | The word 'kommerziell' derives from the French word 'commerce', meaning 'trade' or 'business'. |
| Greek | The Greek word εμπορικός also means 'of the market-place' or 'selling in the market-place'. |
| Gujarati | "વ્યાપારી" is also used to describe businesses that are commercial in nature, such as a store or a bank. |
| Haitian Creole | In Haitian Creole, the word "komèsyal" can also refer to a small business or a store. |
| Hausa | In Arabic, "kasb" means "to earn", and "kasib" is "earner" or "trader." |
| Hawaiian | The second meaning of “kālepa” is “to paste” or “to plaster”. |
| Hebrew | מִסְחָרִי is an adjective that can also mean 'mercantile' or 'industrial' in Hebrew. |
| Hindi | In Hindi, "व्यावसायिक" also means "professional" or "related to business or trade" |
| Hmong | It can also be used to mean "for business purposes". |
| Hungarian | It shares the same root as 'kereskedés' ('trade') and 'árú' ('commodity'). |
| Icelandic | The word "auglýsing" in Icelandic is derived from the Old Norse word "auglýsa", meaning "to make known" or "to proclaim". |
| Igbo | The word "azụmahịa" can also refer to a market or business. |
| Indonesian | The term 'komersial' is derived from the Dutch word 'commercieel', meaning 'commercial or relating to trade'. |
| Irish | In Old Irish, 'tráchtála' referred to 'going on an expedition' or 'engaging in battle', and only later took on the meaning of 'trading' or 'commerce'. |
| Italian | The Italian word "commerciale" derives from the Latin word "commercium", meaning "trade" or "commerce". |
| Japanese | 商業の was originally only used to refer to the merchants in the Edo period, but now it is used to refer to merchants in general. |
| Javanese | In Javanese, 'komersial' can also refer to a form of traditional theater known as 'wayang komersial'. |
| Kannada | ವಾಣಿಜ್ಯ (vāṇijya) also means 'trade' or 'commerce' and is derived from the Sanskrit word 'vāṇijya', meaning 'trade' or 'commerce'. |
| Kazakh | The word "коммерциялық" (commercial) in Kazakh can also be used to refer to something that is for-profit or profit-driven. |
| Khmer | This Khmer word is derived from Pali, and the root refers to buying and selling. |
| Korean | "상업" also means "commerce" in Korean and is derived from the Chinese word "商業" (shāngyè). |
| Kurdish | The Kurdish term "bazirganî" derives from the Persian "bāzār" meaning "marketplace" or "trade". |
| Kyrgyz | The word "соода" is derived from the Persian word "sūd" meaning "profit" or "interest". |
| Latvian | In Latvian, "komerciāla" can also refer to the genre of pop music aimed at mass audiences, similar to "pop" in English. |
| Lithuanian | The word "komercinis" in Lithuanian is derived from the Latin word "commercium", meaning "trade" or "commerce". |
| Macedonian | The word "комерцијални" in Macedonian also means "mercenary". |
| Malagasy | An alternate meaning of "ara-barotra" is "a place where goods are sold or exchanged; a market". |
| Malay | The Malay word 'komersial' can also mean 'profitable' or 'lucrative'. |
| Maltese | In Maltese, the word “kummerċjali” can also mean something that is excessive or too much. |
| Maori | Arumoni is derived from the Māori word "aroma," which means "perfume," suggesting a connection between commerce and the exchange of fragrant goods. |
| Marathi | The word "व्यावसायिक" can also refer to someone who is employed in a trade or profession. |
| Mongolian | In Mongolian, the word "арилжааны" can also refer to something that is marketable or has commercial potential. |
| Nepali | The word 'व्यवसायिक' can also refer to the status of being related to the military or martial arts. |
| Norwegian | The word "kommersiell" can also mean "mercantile" or "businesslike" in Norwegian. |
| Nyanja (Chichewa) | The name 'zamalonda' is derived from the English phrase 'commercial activity', which means 'business or trade' |
| Pashto | The Pashto word "سوداګریز" can also mean "a merchant" or "a trader". |
| Persian | The Persian word "تجاری" (commercial) also has the alternate meanings of "mercantile" and "businesslike" |
| Polish | The Polish term "reklama w telewizji" literally translates to "advertisement in television" and is derived from the Latin word "reclamare", meaning "to call back" or "to demand attention." |
| Portuguese (Portugal, Brazil) | In Portuguese, "comercial" can also describe an individual, a company, or a product involved in commerce. |
| Romanian | In Romanian, "comercial" has an additional meaning of "convenient store" but it is not very common. |
| Russian | The Russian word "коммерческий" derives from the French word "commercial", meaning "relating to business or trade". In Russian, it has both its original meaning and the additional meaning of "speculative, self-interested". |
| Samoan | The word 'pisinisi' in Samoan is derived from the English word 'business' and can also refer to a 'venture' or 'undertaking'. |
| Scots Gaelic | The Gaelic word "malairteach" can also mean "mercenary," sharing an origin with the English word "mercantile." |
| Serbian | The word “комерцијални” (“commercial”) derives from an Old French term meaning “chamberlain”, an officer of royal or noble households. |
| Sesotho | The word 'khoebo' can also be used to refer to a marketing campaign or a promotional event. |
| Sindhi | The Sindhi word ڪاروباري ('commercial') originates from the Persian word "kār vān", meaning "merchant" or "businessman". |
| Sinhala (Sinhalese) | The word "වාණිජ" is derived from the Sanskrit word "वाणिज्य" (vāṇijya), which means "trade" or "commerce". |
| Slovak | The Slovak word "komerčný" originates from the French word "commerçant", meaning "merchant". |
| Slovenian | The word “komercialni” can also mean “for profit” in Slovenian. |
| Somali | The word "ganacsi" is derived from the Arabic word "jinsi" meaning "kind" or "type", and is used to refer to the activity of buying and selling goods or services in Somali. |
| Spanish | The word "comercial" in Spanish can also mean "convenient" or "handy". |
| Sundanese | The Sundanese word 'komérsial' can also refer to a type of traditional Sundanese music featuring a singer accompanied by a kacapi (zither-like instrument). |
| Swahili | The word "kibiashara" in Swahili comes from Arabic, where it originally meant "business" or "trade", and ultimately from the Greek word "καπηλεία" (kapēleia) which means "retail trade". |
| Swedish | The word "kommersiell" can also mean "businesslike" or "practical" in Swedish. |
| Tagalog (Filipino) | The word "komersyal" in Tagalog can also refer to a type of folk song or ditty. |
| Tamil | The term 'commercial' originates from the Latin term 'commercium', meaning 'trade or exchange'. |
| Telugu | The Sanskrit origin of 'vāṇijya' is traced to 'vānij,' which means 'trade,' thus extending the meaning to 'commerce.' |
| Thai | "เชิงพาณิชย์" can also mean "in a businesslike manner" or "for profit." |
| Turkish | The word "ticari" is derived from the Arabic word "tijara," meaning "trade" or "commerce." |
| Ukrainian | The term "комерційний" can refer to commercial activity as well as economic processes in general and is related to the Old French "commercial." In modern usage it primarily means "commercial," but is also often used in broader contexts and may sometimes refer to non-commercial ventures; it does not have any of the negative connotations often associated with the English "commercial." |
| Urdu | "تجارتی" is the Urdu word for "commercial", which also means "of or relating to trade or commerce". |
| Uzbek | Etymology: Arabic tijārah, from tajara "to trade". |
| Vietnamese | The word "thương mại" comes from the Chinese word "商業" (shāngyè) and means "business" or "commerce". |
| Welsh | Masnachol is derived from Latin merx, a noun indicating a commodity. |
| Xhosa | The word "ezorhwebo" is derived from the verb "zorhweba," which means "to trade" or "to do business." |
| Yiddish | The Yiddish word "gesheft" (געשעפט) originally meant "deal" or "enterprise" and is derived from the Middle High German word "geschäft," which in turn comes from the Latin word "gesta," meaning "deed" or "accomplishment." |
| Yoruba | The Yoruba word "ti owo" ("commercial") comes from the combination of "ti" (belonging to) and "owo" (money), emphasizing its commercial nature. |
| Zulu | The word "ezentengiso" can also mean "advertising" or "promotion" in Zulu. |
| English | The word 'commercial' originally meant 'relating to trade' in Latin, but its meaning has expanded to include anything related to business or promotion |