Afrikaans veldtog | ||
Albanian fushatës | ||
Amharic ዘመቻ | ||
Arabic حملة | ||
Armenian քարոզչություն | ||
Assamese অভিযান | ||
Aymara kamapaña | ||
Azerbaijani kampaniya | ||
Bambara kanpaɲi | ||
Basque kanpaina | ||
Belarusian кампаніі | ||
Bengali প্রচার | ||
Bhojpuri अभियान | ||
Bosnian kampanja | ||
Bulgarian кампания | ||
Catalan campanya | ||
Cebuano kampanya | ||
Chinese (Simplified) 运动 | ||
Chinese (Traditional) 運動 | ||
Corsican campagna | ||
Croatian kampanja | ||
Czech kampaň | ||
Danish kampagne | ||
Dhivehi ކެމްޕޭނު | ||
Dogri म्हीम | ||
Dutch campagne | ||
English campaign | ||
Esperanto kampanjo | ||
Estonian kampaania | ||
Ewe gbeƒaɖeɖe | ||
Filipino (Tagalog) kampanya | ||
Finnish kampanja | ||
French campagne | ||
Frisian kampanje | ||
Galician campaña | ||
Georgian კამპანია | ||
German kampagne | ||
Greek καμπάνια | ||
Guarani myasãi | ||
Gujarati ઝુંબેશ | ||
Haitian Creole kanpay | ||
Hausa yakin neman zabe | ||
Hawaiian hoʻouka kaua | ||
Hebrew קמפיין | ||
Hindi अभियान | ||
Hmong phiaj los nqis tes | ||
Hungarian kampány | ||
Icelandic herferð | ||
Igbo mkpọsa | ||
Ilocano kampania | ||
Indonesian kampanye | ||
Irish feachtas | ||
Italian campagna | ||
Japanese 運動 | ||
Javanese kampanye | ||
Kannada ಪ್ರಚಾರ | ||
Kazakh науқан | ||
Khmer យុទ្ធនាការ | ||
Kinyarwanda kwiyamamaza | ||
Konkani मोहिम | ||
Korean 운동 | ||
Krio spɛshal program | ||
Kurdish bêşvekirin | ||
Kurdish (Sorani) هەڵمەت | ||
Kyrgyz өнөктүк | ||
Lao ຂະບວນການ | ||
Latin expeditionem | ||
Latvian kampaņu | ||
Lingala kampanye | ||
Lithuanian kampanija | ||
Luganda okuvuganya | ||
Luxembourgish campagne | ||
Macedonian кампања | ||
Maithili अभियान | ||
Malagasy hetsika | ||
Malay kempen | ||
Malayalam കാമ്പെയ്ൻ | ||
Maltese kampanja | ||
Maori pakanga | ||
Marathi मोहीम | ||
Meiteilon (Manipuri) ꯈꯣꯡꯖꯪ | ||
Mizo beihrual | ||
Mongolian кампанит ажил | ||
Myanmar (Burmese) စည်းရုံးလှုံ့ဆော်ရေး | ||
Nepali अभियान | ||
Norwegian kampanje | ||
Nyanja (Chichewa) kampeni | ||
Odia (Oriya) ଅଭିଯାନ | | ||
Oromo duula | ||
Pashto کمپاین | ||
Persian پویش | ||
Polish kampania | ||
Portuguese (Portugal, Brazil) campanha | ||
Punjabi ਮੁਹਿੰਮ | ||
Quechua tinkuchiy | ||
Romanian campanie | ||
Russian кампания | ||
Samoan tauiviga | ||
Sanskrit प्रचारं | ||
Scots Gaelic iomairt | ||
Sepedi lesolo | ||
Serbian кампања | ||
Sesotho letšolo | ||
Shona mushandirapamwe | ||
Sindhi مهم | ||
Sinhala (Sinhalese) උද් .ෝෂනය | ||
Slovak kampaň | ||
Slovenian kampanja | ||
Somali olole | ||
Spanish campaña | ||
Sundanese kampanyeu | ||
Swahili kampeni | ||
Swedish kampanj | ||
Tagalog (Filipino) kampanya | ||
Tajik маърака | ||
Tamil பிரச்சாரம் | ||
Tatar кампаниясе | ||
Telugu ప్రచారం | ||
Thai แคมเปญ | ||
Tigrinya ወፍሪ | ||
Tsonga pfhumba | ||
Turkish kampanya | ||
Turkmen kampaniýasy | ||
Twi (Akan) ntoabɔ | ||
Ukrainian кампанії | ||
Urdu مہم | ||
Uyghur سەپەرۋەرلىك | ||
Uzbek kampaniya | ||
Vietnamese vận động | ||
Welsh ymgyrch | ||
Xhosa iphulo | ||
Yiddish קאַמפּיין | ||
Yoruba ipolongo | ||
Zulu umkhankaso |
| Language | Etymology / Notes |
|---|---|
| Afrikaans | The word "veldtog" in Afrikaans is derived from the Dutch word "veldtocht", which in turn is derived from the German word "Feldzug", meaning "military campaign". |
| Albanian | "Fushatë" also derives from Old French fustee ("cloth made of fustian") as cloth was used to cover weapons and military vehicles during marches. |
| Amharic | "ዘመቻ" is derived from the verb "ዘመነ," meaning "to call" or "to summon," and is often used in the context of military or political campaigns. |
| Arabic | حملة means 'attack' or 'burden' in addition to 'campaign'. |
| Armenian | Armenian "քարոզչություն" originally meant "preaching, mission" from the Greek "κηρύσσω" (kērǘssō), "to proclaim, herald or preach". Today, both meanings coexist, which is similar to what happened to the related English word "sermon". |
| Azerbaijani | "Kampaniya" in Azerbaijani can also mean "company." |
| Basque | In Basque, "kanpaina" also refers to a military camp and a bell that calls to prayer. |
| Belarusian | Белорусское слово «кампаніі» происходит от старофранцузского слова «chаmpagnie» с латинским корнем «campus» («равнинная местность») |
| Bengali | প্রচার, অভিযান বা মিছিল বোঝাতে কিন্তু আরও কিছু শব্দ ব্যবহৃত হতে দেখা যাচ্ছে। |
| Bosnian | Kampanja, izvedeno od italijanske riječi campagna, znači i seoski kraj |
| Bulgarian | The word "кампания" in Bulgarian, besides meaning "campaign," also means "bell tower". |
| Catalan | In Catalan, "campanya" also refers to a bell tower and, historically, to a bell summoning military forces. |
| Cebuano | The word "kampanya" also has alternate meanings in Cebuano, including "farm" or "field". |
| Chinese (Simplified) | "运动" can also refer to a campaign or movement. |
| Chinese (Traditional) | 運動 in Chinese can refer to both physical exercise and a political campaign. |
| Corsican | In Corsican, "campagna" also means "countryside" and comes from the Latin "campania" meaning "field" or "plain." |
| Croatian | In Croatian, "kampanja" also refers to a military encampment or a group of interconnected buildings. |
| Czech | In Czech, "kampaň" can also mean "drop-down list" (in a computer program). |
| Danish | The Danish word "kampagne" has etymological roots in the Latin "campania" and refers to a rural area. |
| Dutch | De Nederlandse campagne betekent 'platteland' of 'akkerland', in tegenstelling tot de Engelse betekenis 'kiezerscampagne'. |
| Esperanto | Esperanto's "kampanjo" derives from the French "campagne", meaning "field" or "countryside", possibly due to early military campaigns being conducted in rural areas. |
| Estonian | In Estonian, "kampaania" also means "a period of time for growing crops" related to the Middle Dutch word "campanje." |
| Finnish | Kampanja is derived from the French word "campagne", meaning "open country", and also refers to a military campaign or electoral campaign. |
| French | The French word "campagne" can also refer to the countryside or a rural area. |
| Frisian | The word "kampanje" can also mean "battle" or "fight" in Frisian. |
| Galician | The word "campaña" in Galician also refers to a plain, particularly one used for the cultivation of cereal crops. |
| German | The German word "Kampagne" is derived from the Late Latin "campania," meaning "open country, plain," and can also refer to a geographical area or region. |
| Greek | In Italian the word campagna means "countryside" and "open fields" while in Spanish it refers to the "field" and to "farmland". |
| Gujarati | The word "ઝુંબેશ" is derived from the Sanskrit word "यज्ञ" (yajña), meaning "sacrifice", and originally referred to a religious or military expedition. |
| Haitian Creole | The word "kanpay" in Haitian Creole derives from the French word "campagne", meaning both "campaign" and "rural area". In Haitian Creole, it primarily refers to political campaigns. |
| Hausa | The word "yakin neman zabe" ("campaign") in Hausa literally translates to "trying to seek an election". |
| Hawaiian | In Hawaiian, "hoʻouka kaua" also means "to gather for battle" and "to raise an army or fleet." |
| Hebrew | The Hebrew word for "campaign" (קמפיין) is derived from the Italian word "campagna," meaning "countryside," and initially referred to military operations conducted in rural areas. |
| Hindi | The word "अभियान" comes from the Sanskrit word "अभि" (towards) and "यान" (to go), and originally meant an expedition or military campaign. |
| Hmong | The word "phiaj los nqis tes" can also mean "battle" or "war" in Hmong. |
| Hungarian | The word "kampány" derives from the French "campagne" (countryside), which reflects the military connotations of the term. |
| Icelandic | The word "herferð" can also refer to a military engagement, expedition, or journey. |
| Igbo | In some Igbo dialects, mkpọsa also means 'to shout,' 'to call out,' or 'to declare.' |
| Indonesian | The word "kampanye" in Indonesian can also mean "to wage war". |
| Irish | Feachtas is cognate with the Scottish Gaelic word "feàchas" and with the words "feud" and "faction" in English. |
| Italian | The Italian word "campagna" derives from the Latin verb "campus," meaning "field," and originally referred to the open countryside outside of a city. |
| Japanese | "運動", meaning "motion" or "movement," came to mean "political campaign" in early 20th century Japan. |
| Javanese | "Kampanye" in Javanese means "a gathering of people" and can also refer to a "political campaign" or "a military campaign". |
| Kannada | The word "ಪ್ರಚಾರ" is derived from the verb "ಪ್ರಚುರು" which means "to spread". It can also refer to preaching, advertisement, or fanfare. |
| Kazakh | The word "науқан" can also mean "festival" or "celebration" in Kazakh. |
| Korean | "운동" was originally the Korean pronunciation of the Japanese word "運動 (undō)", which refers to physical exercise. |
| Kurdish | The word "bêşvekirin" in Kurdish originates from the Persian word "behş-o-varin", meaning "to give and take", implying the exchange of ideas and resources during a campaign. |
| Kyrgyz | The word "өнөктүк" in Kyrgyz can also refer to a group of people traveling together for a purpose. |
| Latin | Expeditionem, meaning 'campaign,' is derived from the Latin word 'expedire,' meaning 'to set free' or 'to prepare for travel'. |
| Latvian | The word "kampaņu" has the same etymology as "campagne" in French, "campaña" in Spanish, and "campaign" in English, all stemming from the Latin "campus", meaning "open field" or "plain". |
| Lithuanian | The word "kampanija" comes from the French word "campagne" and originally meant "a military expedition". It later came to mean "a series of connected military operations" and then "a political or advertising campaign". |
| Macedonian | A "кампања" can be a military campaign, an electoral campaign, or a fundraising campaign. |
| Malagasy | In Malagasy, the word "hetsika" also means "movement" and is used in political or social contexts. |
| Malay | "Kempen" is derived from the Dutch word "kampement" meaning "encampment". |
| Malayalam | The Malayalam word "കാമ്പെയ്ൻ" can also mean "to struggle" or "to strive". |
| Maltese | The Maltese word "kampanja" is derived from the Italian "campagna", which can also refer to the rural outskirts of a city. |
| Maori | The word pakanga derives from the Polynesian cognates *paka, *panga, and *pakaŋa, signifying “to kill” or “battle”. |
| Marathi | मोहीम is derived from the Sanskrit word 'moksha,' meaning liberation or salvation, suggesting its original association with religious expeditions. |
| Mongolian | The word "кампанит ажил" derives from the French word "campagne," meaning "open country," and ultimately from the Latin word "campus," meaning "field." |
| Nepali | Nepali "अभियान" from Sanskrit "अवहन" means "to carry" and "to convey" and hence "to lead" or "to guide". |
| Norwegian | The word "kampanje" in Norwegian also means "battlefield". |
| Nyanja (Chichewa) | The word "kampeni" in Nyanja is also used to mean "a season of military operations" |
| Pashto | Campaign in Pashto literally means "to gather", "to assemble". |
| Persian | The word "پویش" can also refer to a military expedition, a large-scale search, or a movement to promote a cause. |
| Polish | In Polish, "kampania" originally derives from the Late Latin word Campania, meaning "flat countryside", and came to mean "military expedition" and finally "political campaign". |
| Portuguese (Portugal, Brazil) | "Campanha" can also mean "plain" or "field" in Portuguese (Portugal, Brazil). |
| Romanian | The Romanian word "campanie" also means "bell" or "bell tower" from the Latin word "campana". |
| Russian | Кампания (campaign) в русском языке может также означать полевую работу, экспедицию или военную службу. |
| Samoan | Tauiviga, meaning 'campaign', also refers to a group of people working collectively to achieve a particular goal in Samoan. |
| Scots Gaelic | The Scots Gaelic word "iomairt" also means "burden" or "carrying". |
| Serbian | In Serbian, "кампања" also refers to a rural area, akin to the English "countryside". |
| Sesotho | The word "letšolo" can also mean "battle" or "war". |
| Shona | The word 'mushandirapamwe' can also refer to a concerted effort to achieve a particular goal or objective. |
| Sindhi | The word 'مهم' (campaign) in Sindhi also means 'important'. |
| Sinhala (Sinhalese) | In ancient Sinhala, "උද් .ෝෂනය" referred to a "war cry" or "battlefield challenge" |
| Slovak | The Slovak word "kampaň" derives from the French "campagne" meaning "countryside" or "military expedition." |
| Slovenian | In Slovenian, the word "kampanja" can also mean a military camp or a promotional campaign for a political candidate or cause. |
| Somali | The word 'olole' is derived from the Somali word for 'war chant', highlighting the strong connection between campaigning and traditional warfare tactics. |
| Spanish | The word "campaña" originally referred to the open fields outside of a fortified city. |
| Sundanese | The word “kampanyeu” in Sundanese is derived from the Dutch word “campagne”, which means “field” or “open country”. |
| Swahili | The word "kampeni" in Swahili is also used to refer to a military operation or a political rally. |
| Swedish | Originally an Italian word for a military camp, the word “kampanj” can also mean a special sale, a large marketing effort, or a political campaign. |
| Tagalog (Filipino) | In Tagalog, "kampanya" also means a "group of supporters" |
| Tajik | The word "маърака" also means "battle" or "fight" in Tajik. |
| Telugu | The Telugu word "ప్రచారం" can also refer to spreading information, propaganda, or advertising. |
| Thai | The term แคมเปญ (campaign) is a loanword from English, and can also refer to a group of soldiers sent on a military mission. |
| Turkish | The Turkish word "kampanya" is derived from the Italian word "campagna", which means "countryside or open field". |
| Ukrainian | The Ukrainian word "кампанії" derives from the French "campagne" and also means "countryside". |
| Urdu | The Urdu word "مہم" originates from the Arabic word "مهم" meaning "important". |
| Uzbek | Kampaniya (English: “campaign”) comes from the French word “campagne” which means “countryside” and was used to describe military operations conducted in rural areas. |
| Vietnamese | In Vietnamese, "vận động" also means to move, to exercise, and to mobilize. |
| Welsh | The Welsh word 'ymgyrch' can also refer to a pilgrimage, reflecting the strong religious tradition in Wales. |
| Xhosa | "Iphulo" also means a "collection of cattle" |
| Yiddish | The Yiddish word 'קאַמפּיין' ('campaign') can also refer to a fundraising effort, a promotional drive, or a series of related events. |
| Yoruba | The Yoruba word "ipolongo," while commonly translated as "campaign," also holds alternate meanings including "declaration", "proclamation", and "message." |
| Zulu | The word 'umkhankaso' in Zulu also refers to hunting and gathering of wild plants. |
| English | The word 'campaign' can also refer to an open country or flat land suitable for military operations |