Afrikaans beskuldig | ||
Albanian akuzim | ||
Amharic ክስ | ||
Arabic اتهم | ||
Armenian մեղադրել | ||
Assamese দায় ধৰ | ||
Aymara juchañchaña | ||
Azerbaijani ittiham etmək | ||
Bambara jalaki | ||
Basque salatu | ||
Belarusian абвінавачваць | ||
Bengali অভিযুক্ত করা | ||
Bhojpuri आरोप लगावे के बा | ||
Bosnian optuži | ||
Bulgarian обвинявам | ||
Catalan acusar | ||
Cebuano pagsumbong | ||
Chinese (Simplified) 告 | ||
Chinese (Traditional) 告 | ||
Corsican accusà | ||
Croatian optužiti | ||
Czech obvinit | ||
Danish beskylde | ||
Dhivehi ތުހުމަތު ކުރާށެވެ | ||
Dogri इल्जाम लाना | ||
Dutch beschuldigen | ||
English accuse | ||
Esperanto akuzi | ||
Estonian süüdistada | ||
Ewe nutsotso | ||
Filipino (Tagalog) akusahan | ||
Finnish syyttää | ||
French accuser | ||
Frisian beskuldigje | ||
Galician acusar | ||
Georgian ადანაშაულებენ | ||
German beschuldigen | ||
Greek κατηγορώ | ||
Guarani oakusa | ||
Gujarati દોષારોપણ | ||
Haitian Creole akize | ||
Hausa zargi | ||
Hawaiian hoʻohewa | ||
Hebrew לְהַאֲשִׁים | ||
Hindi आरोप | ||
Hmong liam | ||
Hungarian vádol | ||
Icelandic saka | ||
Igbo bo ebubo | ||
Ilocano akusaran | ||
Indonesian menuduh | ||
Irish cúisigh | ||
Italian accusare | ||
Japanese 告発 | ||
Javanese nuduh | ||
Kannada ಆರೋಪ | ||
Kazakh айыптау | ||
Khmer ចោទប្រកាន់ | ||
Kinyarwanda gushinja | ||
Konkani आरोप करप | ||
Korean 비난하다 | ||
Krio akɔdin to pɔsin | ||
Kurdish gilîkirin | ||
Kurdish (Sorani) تۆمەتبارکردن | ||
Kyrgyz айыптоо | ||
Lao ກ່າວຫາ | ||
Latin accusatis | ||
Latvian apsūdzēt | ||
Lingala kofunda | ||
Lithuanian apkaltinti | ||
Luganda okulumiriza | ||
Luxembourgish beschëllegen | ||
Macedonian обвинуваат | ||
Maithili आरोप लगाउ | ||
Malagasy miampanga | ||
Malay menuduh | ||
Malayalam ബോധിപ്പിക്കുന്ന | ||
Maltese akkuża | ||
Maori whakapae | ||
Marathi आरोप | ||
Meiteilon (Manipuri) ꯑꯦꯛꯁꯦꯁ ꯇꯧꯕꯥ꯫ | ||
Mizo puh a ni | ||
Mongolian яллах | ||
Myanmar (Burmese) စွပ်စွဲ | ||
Nepali आरोप लगाउनु | ||
Norwegian beskylde | ||
Nyanja (Chichewa) kuimba mlandu | ||
Odia (Oriya) ଅଭିଯୋଗ | ||
Oromo himachuu | ||
Pashto تور لګول | ||
Persian متهم کردن | ||
Polish oskarżać | ||
Portuguese (Portugal, Brazil) acusar | ||
Punjabi ਦੋਸ਼ | ||
Quechua huchachay | ||
Romanian acuza | ||
Russian обвинять | ||
Samoan tuʻuaʻi | ||
Sanskrit आरोपयति | ||
Scots Gaelic casaid | ||
Sepedi latofatša | ||
Serbian оптужују | ||
Sesotho qosa | ||
Shona kupomera | ||
Sindhi الزام لڳايو | ||
Sinhala (Sinhalese) චෝදනා කරන්න | ||
Slovak obviňovať | ||
Slovenian obtožiti | ||
Somali eedayn | ||
Spanish acusar | ||
Sundanese nuduh | ||
Swahili shtaki | ||
Swedish anklaga | ||
Tagalog (Filipino) akusahan | ||
Tajik айбдор кардан | ||
Tamil குற்றம் | ||
Tatar гаепләү | ||
Telugu నిందించు | ||
Thai กล่าวโทษ | ||
Tigrinya ክኸሱ | ||
Tsonga ku hehla | ||
Turkish suçlamak | ||
Turkmen günäkärlemek | ||
Twi (Akan) bɔ sobo | ||
Ukrainian звинувачувати | ||
Urdu الزام لگانا | ||
Uyghur ئەيىبلەش | ||
Uzbek ayblash | ||
Vietnamese buộc tội | ||
Welsh cyhuddo | ||
Xhosa tyhola | ||
Yiddish באַשולדיקן | ||
Yoruba ẹsun | ||
Zulu beka icala |
| Language | Etymology / Notes |
|---|---|
| Afrikaans | The Afrikaans word "beskuldig" originates from the Dutch word "beschuldigen", meaning "to accuse" in English. |
| Albanian | The word "akuzim" in Albanian is derived from the Latin word "accusare", meaning "to accuse" or "to charge". |
| Amharic | In certain contexts, the Amharic word "ክስ" can also mean "fault" or "mistake". |
| Arabic | اتهم, in Arabic, has two roots: وهم meaning suspicion, and ثم meaning fix or establish, indicating the duality of accusation both as an established belief and an unfounded suspicion. |
| Azerbaijani | The word "ittiham etmək" comes from the Arabic word "ittihām", which means "accusation" or "charge". |
| Basque | Basque: ""salatu"" derives from Spanish: ""acusar"" or possibly Latin: ""salutare"". |
| Belarusian | It is also a cognate with the Russian word |
| Bengali | The term "অভিযুক্ত করা" is derived from the Sanskrit word "अभियुक्त" ("abhiyukt"), which means "joined together" or "associated with". |
| Bosnian | The root of "optuži" (accuse) is Proto-Indo-European "*tep-", which also gives us "topic" and "type". |
| Bulgarian | "Obvinjavam" is a verb in Bulgarian which may mean "to charge" or to "accuse". |
| Catalan | The Catalan verb "acusar" also means "to acknowledge" or "to notice". |
| Cebuano | "Pagsumbong" originally meant "to tell on someone" and "to bring a complaint to someone". |
| Chinese (Simplified) | "告" (accuse) also used to mean "inform" or "report to an official." |
| Chinese (Traditional) | The oracle bone script of '告' depicts a mouth with a hand holding a bamboo slip, representing 'to speak (to a god)'. |
| Corsican | Corsican "accusà" means not only "accuse" but also "to charge with a gun" and "to blame". |
| Croatian | The verb 'optužiti' is derived from the noun 'optužba', meaning 'accusation', which in turn comes from the Latin word 'accusatio'. The word 'optužba' can also refer to the act of accusing, or to the formal charges brought against a person in court. |
| Czech | The word "obvinit" also means "to enwrap" or "to cover with something". |
| Danish | "Beskylde" is derived from "skyld," meaning guilt or fault, and the prefix "be," meaning to make or cause. |
| Dutch | The word "beschuldigen" in Dutch originates from the Old High German "bisculdigen" meaning "to blame". |
| Esperanto | Akuzi is derived from German "anklagen" (accuse) and is cognate with English "accuse". |
| Estonian | The verb "süüdistada" has the additional, now archaic meaning "to charge a fee" |
| Finnish | "Syyttää" is also used in the sense of "to be liable", as in "Hän syyttyy rikoksesta." (He is liable for the crime.) |
| French | In French, the word "accusateur" can also refer to the prosecution or someone who files a lawsuit. |
| Frisian | The Frisian word "beskuldigje" is derived from the Old Frisian word "biskuldiga"," which means "to accuse", and is also related to the Dutch word "beschuldigen". |
| Galician | In Galician, "acusar" may also mean "declare", "inform", or "admit". |
| Georgian | The word refers to an action that is committed against an authority figure. |
| German | The German word "beschuldigen" comes from the Middle High German "beschuldegen" which originally meant "to place blame upon" |
| Greek | "Κατηγορώ" shares the same root with "κατηγορία" which derives from "κατά" (against) and "αγορεύω" (address an assembly) |
| Haitian Creole | In Haitian Creole, 'akize' can also mean 'to point out' or 'to indicate'. |
| Hausa | The word "zargi" in Hausa can also mean "blame" or "hold responsible". |
| Hawaiian | The Hawaiian word "hoʻohewa" also means "to blame" or "to find fault with." |
| Hebrew | The Hebrew verb "לְהַאֲשִׁים" ("accuse") also means to "ask". In fact, this is its original meaning. |
| Hindi | The word "आरोप" also means "charge" or "imputation" in Hindi. |
| Hmong | The Hmong word "liam" comes from the Proto-Hmong-Mien word *kli:m, which also means "blame" or "charge with wrongdoing". |
| Hungarian | "Vádol" can also mean "shin" or "calf" in Hungarian. |
| Icelandic | The word "saka" can also mean "to charge with a crime" or "to make a claim against someone or something." |
| Igbo | Igbo word "bo ebubo" can also mean "to confess" and "to take responsibility." |
| Indonesian | The word "menuduh" can also mean "to point at" or "to show". |
| Irish | "Cúisigh" in Irish can also mean "to blame" or "to impute". |
| Italian | The Latin word "accusare" originally meant to summon someone to court. |
| Japanese | 告発 derives from the Japanese phrase "罪を告げる" (tsumi o tsuge-ru), meaning "to report a crime or wrongdoing to the authorities." |
| Javanese | The word "nuduh" in Javanese can also mean "to point at" or "to identify someone". |
| Kannada | The Kannada word "ಆರೋಪ" is derived from the Sanskrit word "आरोप" (āropa), which means "to lay upon" or "to impute". It can also mean "a charge" or "an accusation" in both Kannada and Sanskrit. |
| Kazakh | The Kazakh word "айыптау" also means "to blame" or "to reproach." |
| Korean | The word '비난하다' can also mean 'to blame' or 'to criticize'. |
| Kurdish | Gilîkirin is also known as kûdanîkirin in Kurmancî Kurdish and is derived from the Old Iranian root *dānā- ("to know, understand," from Proto-Indo-European *dʰeh₃-). |
| Kyrgyz | The word "айыптоо" also means "to reproach" or "to blame" in Kyrgyz. |
| Lao | "ກ່າວຫາ" is also a synonym of "กล่าวหา" (to accuse) in Thai. |
| Latin | The word accusatis has an alternate form of the passive form, accusor. |
| Latvian | In Latvian, "apsūdzēt" can also mean "to charge someone with a crime" or "to denounce." |
| Lithuanian | The word "apkaltinti" also means "to scold" in Lithuanian. |
| Luxembourgish | Beschëllegen is also used to refer to the process of applying a metallic coating to a surface, such as in the case of gilding or galvanizing. |
| Macedonian | The word "обвинуваат" is derived from the Slavic root "вин" (vin), meaning "guilt" or "fault", and can also mean "to charge" or "to blame". |
| Malagasy | The term can also be used as a noun meaning a "false accusation". |
| Malay | Menuduh can also refer to the act of alleging or blaming, not necessarily in a formal legal context. |
| Malayalam | The Sanskrit root meaning of the word "ബോധിപ്പിക്കുന്ന" is "to know", suggesting that the primary sense of the word was "to make known". |
| Maltese | "Akkura" is also a word for "correct" but this is only used in some phrases and mostly when referring to time or place. |
| Maori | In Maori, the term 'whakapae' originated from the word 'pae', which signifies 'a rock platform' or 'a place of public assembly'. |
| Marathi | आरोप also means 'a mountain' in Marathi. |
| Mongolian | The word "яллах" in Mongolian can also mean "to blame" or "to hold responsible." |
| Nepali | The Nepali word "आरोप लगाउनु" can also mean "to charge" or "to impute". |
| Norwegian | Beskylde is derived from the Old Norse word "skylda," meaning "to owe or be liable for," and can also refer to a duty or responsibility. |
| Nyanja (Chichewa) | The word "kuimba mlandu" can also mean "to blame" or "to hold responsible". |
| Pashto | The Pashto word "تور لګول" can also mean "to blame" or "to hold responsible". |
| Persian | The Persian word "متهم کردن" can also mean "to blame" or "to hold responsible". |
| Polish | The word "oskarżać" is derived from the Old Polish word "skarga," meaning "complaint" or "charge."} |
| Portuguese (Portugal, Brazil) | "Acusar" can also mean "to accuse oneself" or "to plead guilty" and comes from the Latin word "accusare", |
| Punjabi | The word "दोष" in Punjabi can also mean "fault" or "defect." |
| Romanian | The word "acuza" in Romanian can also mean "blame" or "denounce." |
| Russian | The related word 'вина' means both 'guilt' and 'wine', reflecting the close association between intoxication and criminal activity. |
| Samoan | The Samoan word "tu'ua'i" has roots in the Proto-Polynesian word for "tell" or "speak forth". |
| Scots Gaelic | The word 'casaid' also means 'adorn' in Irish Gaelic and comes from the Proto-Celtic root *kas- ( |
| Serbian | The word "оптужују" comes from the Proto-Slavic root *opъtati, which means "to test" or "to examine". |
| Sesotho | Qosa can also refer to reporting someone to a respected, but not necessarily an authoritative figure. |
| Shona | The word "kupomera" in Shona can also mean "to point at" or "to indicate". |
| Sindhi | Sindhi word "الزام لڳايو" has Persian roots and also means to "blame or make a charge" |
| Slovak | The word "obviňovať" (accuse) in Slovak is derived from the Proto-Slavic word *obviniti, meaning "to twist, to bind". This suggests that the original meaning of the word was "to accuse someone of a crime by tying them up". This meaning is still preserved in some other Slavic languages, such as Polish and Russian. |
| Slovenian | The word "obtožiti" is derived from the Proto-Slavic word *obtožiti, meaning "to accuse, blame, or charge". |
| Somali | The word "eedayn" in Somali shares a root with the word for "wound"} |
| Spanish | "Acusar" originally meant "to reveal" or "to betray" in Latin, and it still retains that meaning in some contexts in Spanish. |
| Sundanese | The word 'nuduh' in Sundanese can also mean 'to indicate' or 'to point out' |
| Swahili | The word "shtaki" also means "to complain" or "to tell on someone" in Swahili. |
| Swedish | The Swedish word "anklaga" also has the alternate meaning of "to slander" or "to spread false information about someone" |
| Tagalog (Filipino) | The Tagalog word "akusahan" also means "charge" or "impeachment". |
| Tajik | The word "айбдор кардан" is derived from the Persian word "aib", meaning "fault" or "defect", and the Tajik verb "кардан", meaning "to do" or "to make". |
| Tamil | குற்றம் also means 'crime' or 'fault', originating from the Sanskrit word 'kroota', meaning 'angry' or 'cruel'. |
| Telugu | The Telugu word "నిందించు" (accuse) is also used to refer to the act of blaming someone for something they have done wrong. |
| Thai | กล่าวโทษ (accusation) comes from the Sanskrit word "ghash", meaning "to proclaim" or "to make known". This word is also related to the English word "gossip", which originally meant "to talk about someone behind their back". |
| Turkish | Suçlamak' is derived from the Arabic word 'suç' meaning 'fault' or 'offense'. |
| Ukrainian | The word "звинувачувати" can also mean "blame" or "reproach". |
| Urdu | The Urdu word "الزام لگانا" not only means "to accuse" but literally means "to impose obligation". |
| Uzbek | The word "ayblash" in Uzbek is derived from the Persian word "ayb", meaning "fault" or "defect". |
| Vietnamese | "Buộc tội" comes from the Chinese word " buộc ", meaning "to tie" or "to bind". |
| Welsh | The word 'cyhuddo' also means 'to impute' or 'to ascribe' in Welsh. |
| Xhosa | "Tyhola" also means to testify, or to give evidence, in both legal and non-legal contexts. |
| Yiddish | The word "באַשולדיקן" can also mean "to inform", "to report", or "to make known" in Yiddish. |
| Yoruba | The word "ẹsun" in Yoruba can also mean "curse" or "malediction". |
| Zulu | The Zulu word "beka icala" can be literally translated as "to cut a case or word", referring to the act of bringing someone into a dispute or court. |
| English | , meaning both to blame and to bring forth a charge in court |